2: Sihon king of the Amorites (cp. Num.21:23,24. Deut.3:6), who dwelt in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is upon the bank of the river Arnon, and from the middle of the river, and from half Gilead, even to the river Jabbok, which is the border of the children of Ammon;
3: And from the plain to the sea of Chinneroth on the east (see 11:2), and to the sea of the plain, even the salt sea on the east, the way to Beth-jeshimoth; and from the south, under Ashdoth-pisgah:
4: And the border (or confines) of Og king of Bashan, which was of the remnant of the giants (= the Rephaim. Another branch of the Nephilim, so called after one, Rapha; as the Anakim after Anak. See Gen.6:2,4), that dwelt at Ashtaroth and at Edrei,
5: And reigned in mount Hermon, and in Salcah, and in all Bashan, to the border of the Geshurites and the Maachathites, and half Gilead, the border of Sihon king of Heshbon.
6: Them did Moses the servant of the Lord (Yehovah) (sse Deut.34:5) and the sons of Israel smite: and Moses the servant of Yehovah gave it for a possession to the Reubenites, and the Gadites, and the half tribe of Manasseh.
7: And these are the kings of the country which Joshua and the sons of Israel smote on this side Jordan on the west, from Baal-gad in the valley of Lebanon even to the mount Halak, that goeth up to Seir; which Joshua gave to the tribes of Israel for a possession according to their (some codices read "in their") divisions;
8: In the hill country, and in the valleys, and in the plains, and in the springs, and in the wilderness, and in the south country; the Hittites, the Amorites, and the Canaanites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites:
9: The king of Jericho (cp. 6:2), one; the king of Ai, which is beside Bethel, one (these names [vv.9-24] are written thus in the Hebrew MMS. and printed editions);
10: The king of Jerusalem (cp. 10:23), one; the king of Hebron, one;
11: The king of Jarmuth, one; the king of Lachish, one;
12: The king of Eglon, one; the king of Gezer (cp.10:33; and see 1 Kings9:16,17), one;
13: The king of Debir (cp. 10:38), one; the king of Geder, one;
14: The king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad (cp.Num.21:1-3), one;
15: The king of Libnah (cp. 10:30), one; the king of Adullam, one;
16: The king of Makkedah (cp. 10:28), one; the king of Bethel, one;
17: The king of Tappuah, one; the king of Hepher, one;
18: The king of Aphek, one; the king of Lasharon, one;
19: The king of Madon, one; the king of Hazor (cp. 11:10), one;
20: The king of Shimron-meron, one; the king of Achshaph, one;
21: The king of Taanach, one; the king of Megiddo, one;
22: The king of Kedesh, one; the king of Jokneam of Carmel, one;
23: The king of Dor in the coast of Dor (see note on "borders", 11:2), one; the king of the nations of Gilgal, one;
24: The king of Tirzah, one: all the kings thirty and one.
C A 13:1. Yehovah's gifts. Unposessed. B C 13:2–17:18. Civil. Unalloted land. D 18:1 Sacred. Tabernacle in Shiloh. B C 18:2–19:51. Civil. Unappropriated Cities. D 20:1–21:42. Sacred. Cities. A 21:43-45. Yehovah's gifts. Possessed.
1: Now Joshua was old and stricken in years (Joshua now in his 101st year [1444 B.C.]); and the Lord (Yehovah) said to him, “You are old and stricken in years, and there remains yet very much land to be possessed.
C E¹ 13:2–14:5. By Moses. E² 14:6–17:18. By Joshua.
E¹ F 13:2-7. Command as to the 9½ tribes. G 13:8-33. East of Jordan. F 14:1,2. Obedience as to the 9½ tribes. G 14:3-5. East of Jordan.
1444 to 1443 B.C.
2: This is the land that yet remains: all the borders (= circuit. Heb. gelîlah, a rare word)
of the Philistines, and all Geshuri (= a bridge),
3: From the Sihor (= dark), which is before Egypt (= land of the Copts), even to the borders of Ekron (= torn up by the roots; emigration) northward, which is counted to the Canaanite (Heb.= low, flat, humiliate, vanquish): five lords (Heb. seren, a prince; first occ. Used only of the Philistine princes) of the Philistines (= immigrants); the Gazathites (= the fortifed, the strong), and the Ashdodites (= a stronghold), the Ashkalonites (= migration), and the Gittites (= belonging to a wine-press), and the Ekronites (see above); also the Avites (= ruins):
4: On the south, all the land of the Canaanites, and Mearah (= a cave) that is beside the Zidonians (= fishing or fishery), to Aphek (= strength), to the borders of the Amorites (= dwellers on the summits, mountaineers):
5: And the land of the Giblites (from Gebal = mountain), and all Lebanon, toward the sunrising, from Baal-gad under mount Hermon to the pass of Hamath.
6: All the inhabitants of the hill country from Lebanon to Misrephoth-maim (= the flow of the waters), and all the Zidonians, them will I drive out from before the sons of Israel: only divide you it by lot to the Israelites for an inheritance, according as I have commanded you.
7: Now therefore divide this land for an inheritance to the nine tribes, and the half tribe of Manasseh (the Sept. adds, "from the Jordan to the Great Sea westward you shall give it: the Great Sea shall be the boundry; and to the two tribes, and to the half tribe of Manasseh"),
G a 8-13. General. b 14. Exception. Tribe of Levi. a 15-32. General. b 33. Exception. Tribe of Levi.
8: With whom the Reubenites and the Gadites have received their inheritance, which Moses gave them (cp. Num.32:33. Deut.3:13. Josh.22:4), beyond Jordan eastward, even as Moses the servant of Yehovah gave them;
9: From Aroer (= ruins), that is upon the bank of the river Arnon (= roaring), and the city that is in the midst of the river, and all the plain of Medeba (= water of rest) to Dibon (= wasting);
10: And all the cities of Sihon king of the Amorites, which reigned in Heshbon, to the border of the sons of Ammon;
11: And Gilead (= rocky region), and the border of the Geshur and Maachathites (= oppression), and all mount Hermon, and all Bashan (= fruitful) to Salcah (= migration);
12: All the kingdom of Og in Bashan (= giant; Literally long-necked), which reigned in Ashtaroth (= a star) and in Edrei (= stronghold), who remained of the remnant of the giants (Rephaim, see Gen.6:2,4): for these did Moses smite, and cast them out.”
13: Nevertheless the sons of Israel expelled not the Geshurites, nor the Maachathites: but the Geshurites and the Maachathites dwell among the Israelites until this day.(Because of disobedience to Father, this has caused Israel trouble even to this day)
14: Only to the tribe of Levi he gave none inheritance; the sacrifices of the Lord God (Yehovah Elohim) of Israel made by fire are their inheritance, according as He said to them.
15: And Moses gave to the tribe of the sons of Reuben inheritance according to their families.
16: And their border was from Aroer, that is on the bank of the river Arnon, and the city that is in the midst of the river, and all the plain as far as Medeba;
17: Heshbon, and all her cities that are in the plain; Dibon, and Bamoth-baal (= heights of lord), and Beth-baal-meon (= house of the lord of the house),
18: And Jahazah (= troden down), and Kedemoth (= beginnings), and Mephaath (= splendor, height),
19: And Kirjathaim (= the two cities), and Sibmah (= Shebam = fragrance), and Zareth-shahar (= light of the dawn, because it catches the rays of the rising sun. Cp. Subscription to Ps.22) in the mount of the valley,
20: And Beth-peor (= house of cleft), and Ashdoth-pisgah (= springs of a [cleft, i.e. a peak]), and Beth-jeshimoth (house of deserts),
21: And all the cities of the plain, and all the kingdom of Sihon king of the Amorites, which reigned in Heshbon, whom Moses smote with the princes of Midian, Evi, and Rekem, and Zur, and Hur, and Reba, which were dukes (= anointed leaders, called kings in Num.31:8) of Sihon, dwelling in the country.
22: Balaam (= not of the people, i.e foreigner. Cp. Num.22:5; 24:3,15; 31:8. Deut.23:4) also the son of Beor, the soothsayer, did the sons of Israel slay with the sword among them that were slain by them.
23: And the border of the sons of Reuben was Jordan, and the border thereof. This was the inheritance of the sons of Reuben after their families, the cities and the villages thereof.
24: And Moses gave inheritance to the tribe of Gad, even to the children of Gad according to their families.
25: And their coast was Jazer (= Yehovah helps), and all the cities of Gilead, and half the land of the sons of Ammon (= faithful), to Aroer that is before Rabbah;
26: And from Heshbon to Ramath-mizpeh (= high place of the watch-tower), and Betonim (= hollows); and from Mahanaim (= two hosts, or two camps) to the border of Debir (= a sanctuary); (font color=red>This is the middle verse of this Book)
27: And in the valley, Beth-aram (= house of the height), and Beth-nimrah (= house of leopards), and Succoth (= booths), and Zaphon (north), the rest of the kingdom of Sihon king of Heshbon, Jordan and his border, even to the edge of the sea of Chinnereth on the other side Jordan eastward.
28: This is the inheritance of the sons of Gad after their families, the cities, and their villages.
29: And Moses gave inheritance to the half tribe of Manasseh: and this was the possession of the half tribe of the sons of Manasseh by their families.
30: And all their coast was from Mahanaim, all Bashan, all the kingdom of Og king of Bashan, and all the villages (He. Havoth Jair. Cp. Deut.3:14. Heb. daughters) of Jair (= enlightener), which are in Bashan, threescore cities:
31: And half Gilead, and Ashtaroth, and Edrei, cities of the kingdom of Og in Bashan, were pertaining to the children of Machir (= sold. Cp. Num.32:39) the son of Manasseh, even to the one half of the children of Machir by their families.
32: These are the countries which Moses did distribute for inheritance in the plains of Moab, on the other side Jordan, by Jericho, eastward.
33: But to the tribe of Levi Moses gave not any inheritance: Yehovah Elohim of Israel He was their inheritance, according as He said to them.
14)
1: And these are the countries which the sons of Israel inherited in the land of Canaan, which Eleazar the priest (now acts with Joshua, because the Land is to be divided by lot; and he alone has the lot, i.e the Urim and Thummim by which the lots were drawn from the bag behind the breastplate. See x.28:30. Num.26:55), and Joshua the son of Nun, and the heads of the fathers of the tribes of the sons of Israel, distributed for inheritance to them.
2: By lot was their inheritance, according as the Lord (Yehovah) commanded by the hand of Moses, for (some codices read, "to be given to") the nine tribes, and for the half tribe.
3: For Moses had given the inheritance of two tribes and an half tribe on the other side Jordan: but to the Levites he gave none inheritance among them.
4: For the sons of Joseph were two tribes, Manasseh and Ephraim: therefore they gave no part to the Levites in the land, save cities to dwell in, with their suburbs for their cattle and for their substance.
5: Accoding as the Lord (Yehovah) commanded Moses (cp.Num.35:2. Josh.14:2-5), so the sons of Israel did, and they divided by lot the land.
E² H¹ 14:6–15:63. Judah. H² 16:1–17:18. Joseph.
H¹ e¹ 14:6-. The Tribe. d 14:-6-15. Caleb. e² 15:1-2. The Tribe. d 15:13-19. Caleb. e³ 15:20-63. The Tribe.
6: Then the sons of Judah (= praised, elbrated) came to Joshua (= savior, or who's help is Yehovah) in Gilgal (= a wheel; rolling): and Caleb (= capable) the son of Jephunneh the Kenezite said to him,
“You know the thing that Yehovah said to Moses the man of Elohim concerning me and concerning you in Kadesh-barnea (= holy desert of wanderings).
7: Forty years old was I when Moses the servant of Yehovah sent me from Kadesh-barnea to espy out the land; and I brought him word again according as it was with my heart (i.e. "in accordance with my heart").
8: Nevertheless my brethren that went up with me made the heart of the people melt: but I wholly followed the Lord (Yehovah) my God (Elohim).
9: And Moses swore on that day (cp. Deut.1:34,36 [cp. Judg.1:20]), saying, ‘Surely the land whereon your feet have trodden shall be your inheritance, and your children's for ever, because you have wholly followed the Lord (Yehovah) my God (Elohim).’
10: And now, behold, the Lord (Yehovah) has kept me alive, as he said, these forty and five years, even since the Lord (Yehovah) spoke this word to Moses, while the sons of Israel wandered in the wilderness: and now, lo, I am this day fourscore and five years old.
11: As yet I am as strong this day as I was in the day that Moses sent me: as my strength was then, even so is my strength now, for war, both to go out, and to come in.
12: Now therefore give me this mountain, whereof the Lord (Yehovah) spoke in that day; for you heard in that day how the Anakims were there (see Num.13:22. Deut.1:28. Gen.6:2,4), and that the cities were great and fenced: if so be the Lord (Yehovah) will be with me, then I shall be able to drive them out, according as the Lord (Yehovah) said.”
13: And Joshua blessed him, and gave to Caleb the son of Jephunneh Hebron for an inheritance.
14: Hebron therefore became the inheritance of Caleb the son of Jephunneh the Kenezite to this day (cp. 21:12), because that he wholly followed the Lord God (Yehovah Elohim) of Israel.
15: And the name of Hebron before was Kirjath-arba (= the city of four. Arba was the great man among the Anakims. See Gen.6:2,4. Heb. "city of Arba, he was the greatest man", &c.); which Arba was a great man among the Anakims. And the land had rest from war (during the first Sabbatic year).
15)
1: This then was the lot (see 14:1) of the tribe of the sons of Judah by their families; even to the border of Edom the wilderness of Zin (= flat) southward was the uttermost part of the south boundary.
2: And their south border was from the shore of the salt sea, from the bay that looks southward:
3: And it went out to the south side to Maaleh-acrabbim (= ascent of the scorpions), and passed along to Zin, and ascended up on the south side to Kadesh-barnea (= holy desert of wandering), and passed along to Hezron (= surrounded by a wall), and went up to Adar (= high), and fetched a compass (English idion. Heb. turned about. Cp. Acts 28:13) to Karkaa (= foundation):
4: From that place it passed toward Azmon (= strong), and went out to the river of Egypt; and the goings out of that coast were at the sea: this shall be your south boundry.
5: And the east border was the salt sea, even to the end of Jordan (= the descender). And their border in the north quarter was from the bay (= tongue) of the sea at the uttermost part of Jordan:
6: And the border went up to Beth-hogla (= partridge-house), and passed along by the north of Beth-arabah(= house of the desert); and the border went up to the stone of Bohan (= thumb) the son of Reuben:
7: And the border went up toward Debir (= a sanctuary) from the valley of Achor (= trouble), and so northward, looking toward Gilgal (= a wheel; rolling), that is before the going up to Adummim (= the going up to), which is on the south side of the river: and the border passed toward the waters of En-shemesh ( = fountain of the sun), and the goings out thereof were at En-rogel (= fount of the fuller):
8: And the border went up by the valley of the son of Hinnom (= lamentation) to the south side of the Jebusite (= threshing floor); the same is Jerusalem (= the habitation of peace): and the border went up to the top of the mountain that lies before the valley of sons Hinnom westward, which is at the end of the valley of the giants (= the Rephaim, see 12:4) northward:
9: And the border was drawn from the top of the hill to the fountain of the water of Nephtoah (= opening), and went out to the cities of mount Ephron (= fawn-like); and the border was drawn to Baalah (= mistress), which is Kirjath-jearim (= the city of forests):
10: And the border compassed from Baalah westward to mount Seir (= hairy, shaggy), and passed along to the side of mount Jearim (= forests), which is Chesalon (= hopes), on the north side, and went down to Beth-shemesh (= house of the sun), and passed on to Timnah (= portion):
11: And the border went out to the side (or slope, or shoulder) of Ekron (= torn up by the roots; emigration) northward: and the border was drawn to Shicron (= drunkenness), and passed along to mount Baalah, and went out to Jabneel (= building of El [God]); and the goings out of the border were at the sea.
12: And the west border was to the great sea, and the coast thereof. This is the coast of the sons of Judah round about according to their families.
13: And to Caleb the son of Jephunneh he gave a part among the sons of Judah, according to the commandment of Yehovah to Joshua, even the city of Arba (= city of the four, see 14:15) the father of Anak, which city is Hebron (= alliance).
14: And Caleb drove from that place the three sons of Anak (cp. Judg.1:10. It seems that som evidently returned and repossessed it), Sheshai (= noble), and Ahiman (= brother of the right hand), and Talmai (= bold), the sons of Anak.
15: And he went up from that place to the inhabitants of Debir (= Place of the Oracle): and the name of Debir before was Kirjath-sepher (= Book Town).
16: And Caleb said, “He that smites Kirjath-sepher, and takes it, to him will I give Achsah (= ankle-chain, anklet) my daughter to wife.”
17: And Othniel (= lion of El [God]) the son of Kenaz, the brother of Caleb, took it: and he gave him Achsah his daughter to wife.
18: And it came to pass, as she came to him, that she moved him to ask of her father a field: and she lighted off her ass (cp. Gen.24:64. 1 Sam.25:23); and Caleb said to her, “What would you?” (Lit. "What to you?" = What ails you?")
19: Who answered, “Give me a blessing (= a present. Cp. Judg.1:1. 1 Sam.25:27); for you have given me a south land; give me also springs of water” (i.e. land containing them). And Caleb gave her the upper springs, and the nether (= under; lower) springs.
20: This is the inheritance of the tribe of the sons of Judah according to their families.
21: And the uttermost cities of the tribe of the sons of Judah toward the coast of Edom southward were Kabzeel (= gathered by El [God]), and Eder (= a flock), and Jagur (= lodging),
22: And Kinah (= lamentation), and Dimonah (= pining), and Adadah (= festival or boundary),
23: And Kedesh (= a sanctuary), and Hazor (= castle), and Ithnan (= given),
24: AndZiph (= battlement), and Telem (= oppression), and Bealoth (= ladiees),
25: And Hazor (= castle), Hadattah (= new), and Kerioth (= cities), and Hezron (= surrounded by a wall), which is Hazor,
26: And Amam (= gatheringplace), and Shema (= the rumor), and Moladah (= birth, race),
27: And Hazar-gaddah (= village of fortune), and Heshmon (= rich soil), and Beth-palet (= house of flight),
28: And Hazar-shual (= village of jackals), and Beer-sheba (= well of the oath), and Bizjothjah (= contempt of Yehovah),
29: And Baalah (= mistress), and Iim (= ruins), and Azem (= bone),
30: And Eltolad (= El's [God's] kindred), and Chesil (= idolatrous), and Hormah (= a place laid waste),
31: And Ziklag (= winding), and Madmannah (= dunghill), and Sansannah (= palm branch),
32: And Lebaoth (= lioness), and Shilhim (= fountains), and En-Rimmon (= fount of the pmegranate): all the cities are twenty and nine, with their villages:
33: And in the valley, Eshtaol (= a pass), and Zoreah (= hornet), and Ashnah (= old),
34: And Zanoah (= marsh), and En-gannim (= fountain of the garden), Tappuah (= the apple city), and Enam (= double spring),
35: And Jarmuth (= high), and Adullam (= justice of the people), Socoh (= bushy), and Azekah (= dug over),
36: And Sharaim (= two gates), and Adithaim (= double ornament), and Gederah (= a sheepfold), and Gederothaim (= two sheepfolds); fourteen cities with their villages:
37: Zenan (= pointed), and Hadashah (= new), and Migdal-gad (= tower of a troop),
38: And Dilean (= gourd), and Mizpeh (= a watch-tower), and Joktheel (= subdued by El [God]),
39: And Lachish (= invincible), and Bozkath (= rocky heigth), and Eglon (= calf-like),
40: And Cabbon (= to heap up; hilly), and Lahmam (= provisions), and Kithlish (= man's wall),
41: And Gederoth (= sheepfolds), Beth-dagon (house of a fish), and Naamah (= loveliness), and Makkedah (= place of shepherds); sixteen cities with their villages:
42: Libnah (= whiteness), and Ether (= abundance), and Ashan (= smoke),
43: And Jiphtah (= who Yah sets free), and Ashnah (= old), and Nezib (= garrison, pillar),
44: And Keilah (= fortress), and Achzib (= lying, false), and Mareshah (= crest of a hill); nine cities with their villages:
45: Ekron (= torn up by the roots; emigration), with her towns and her villages:
46: And from Ekron even to the sea, all that lay near Ashdod (= a stronghold), with their villages:
47: Ashdod with her towns and her villages, Gaza with her towns and her villages, to the river of Egypt, and the great sea, and the border thereof:
48: And in the hill country, Shamir (= a point or thorn), and Jattir (= pre-eminent), and Socoh (= bushy),
49: And Dannah (= ? of uncertain derivative), and Kirjath-sannah, which is Debir,
50: And Anab (= grape-town), and Eshtemoh (= obedience), and Anim (= fountains),
51: And Goshen (= ? prob Egyptian word), and Holon (= sandy), and Giloh (= exile); eleven cities with their villages:
52: Arab (= ambush), and Dumah (= silence), and Eshean (= slope),
53: And Janum (= slumber), and Beth-tappuah (house of apples), and Aphekah (= strong place),
54: And Humtah (= place of lizards), and Kirjath-arba (= the city of the four. Cp.14:15 and 15:13), which is Hebron (= aliance), and Zior (= smallness); nine cities with their villages:
55: Maon (= habitation), Carmel (= fruitful place or park), and Ziph (= battlement), and Juttah (= stretched out),
56: And Jezreel (= seed of El [God]), and Jokdeam (= possessed by the people), and Zanoah (= marsh),
57: And Cain (= possession), Gibeah (= a hill), and Timnah (= portion); ten cities with their villages:
58: Halhul (= trembling), Beth-zur (= house of rock), and Gedor (= a wall),
59: And Maarath (= bareness), and Beth-anoth (= house of echo), and Eltekon (= El [God] its foudation); six cities with their villages:
60: Kirjath-baal (= the city of lord), which is Kirjath-jearim (= the city of forests), and Rabbah (= great); two cities with their villages:
61: In the wilderness, Beth-arabah (= house of the desert), Middin (= measures), and Secacah (= thicket),
62: And Nibshan (= soft soil), and the city of Salt, and En-gedi (fount of the kid); six cities with their villages.
63: As for the Jebusites the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the sons of Judah could not drive them out (cp. Judg.1:8. Caleb succeeded at Hebron. Not until David's day was ths thoroughly acomplished [2 Sam.5:3,6,7): but the Jebusites dwell with the sons of Judah at Jerusalem to this day.