Java Ape-Man
The facts : During his 1-year long expidition, Dr. Dubois had unearthed a small piece of the top of a skull, a fragment of a left thigh bone and 3 molar teeth, in a river bed in which were also found the bones of other animals, some of which were extinct. The pieces were not found together but at varying depths of up to 70 feet. Dr. Dubois later admitted that he had found human remains at the same location and that the bones were in fact those of a gibbon. (In 1926 another Java Ape-Man was discovered. This one had been created from the knee-bone of an extinct elephant.)
Nebraska Man
The facts: A single tooth was discovered from which an entire 'man' was created. The tooth turned out to be that of an extict spieces of pig. (Nebraska Man was presented as 'evidence' during the Scopes Trial of 1925 as 'positive proof' of evolution.)
Piltdown Man
The facts: Darwin's hoax was exposed in October 1956 when it was discovered that the teeth had been filed down and the bones had been discolored to give them the appearance of age. (The jawbone turned out to be that of an ape which had died only 50 years prior to it's discovery.)
Neanderthal Man
The facts: Originally portrayed as a semi-erect/ intermediary link between man and ape these remains have been re-classified as being fully erect and fully human. (A team from John Hopkins University, using modern x-ray equiptment, examined the bones and discovered the 'hunched-over' appearance of some of the skeletons was actually the result of rickets, or some other vitamin D deficiency, such as osteo-arthritis.)
Lucy
The facts: The knee joint used to prove Lucy 'walked upright on two legs and thereby could not be classified as a monkey', was found over a mile away and 200 feet deeper in the ground. (Most scientist now agree that Lucy is a mosaic of several animals.)