THE DEVIL'S DICTIONARY        by      AMBROSE BIERCE     PREFACE _The Devil's Dictionary_ was begun in a weekly paper in 1881, and was continued in a desultory way at long intervals until 1906.  In that year a large part of it was published in covers with the title _The Cynic's Word Book_, a name which the author had not the power to reject or happiness to approve.  To quote the publishers of the present work:     "This more reverent title had previously been forced upon him by the religious scruples of the last newspaper in which a part of the work had appeared, with the natural consequence that when it came out in covers the country already had been flooded by its imitators with a score of 'cynic' books -- _The Cynic's This_, _The Cynic's That_, and _The Cynic's t'Other_.  Most of these books were merely stupid, though some of them added the distinction of silliness.  Among them, they brought the word 'cynic' into disfavor so deep that any book bearing it was discredited in advance of publication."     Meantime, too, some of the enterprising humorists of the country had helped themselves to such parts of the work as served their needs, and many of its definitions, anecdotes, phrases and so forth, had become more or less current in popular speech.  This explanation is made, not with any pride of priority in trifles, but in simple denial of possible charges of plagiarism, which is no trifle.  In merely resuming his own the author hopes to be held guiltless by those to whom the work is addressed -- enlightened souls who prefer dry wines to sweet, sense to sentiment, wit to humor and clean English to slang.     A conspicuous, and it is hope not unpleasant, feature of the book is its abundant illustrative quotations from eminent poets, chief of whom is that learned and ingenius cleric, Father Gassalasca Jape, S.J., whose lines bear his initials.  To Father Jape's kindly encouragement and assistance the author of the prose text is greatly indebted.                                                                   A.B.         A ABASEMENT, n.  A decent and customary mental attitude in the presence of wealth of power.  Peculiarly appropriate in an employee when addressing an employer. ABATIS, n.  Rubbish in front of a fort, to prevent the rubbish outside from molesting the rubbish inside. ABDICATION, n.  An act whereby a sovereign attests his sense of the high temperature of the throne.     Poor Isabella's Dead, whose abdication     Set all tongues wagging in the Spanish nation.     For that performance 'twere unfair to scold her:     She wisely left a throne too hot to hold her.     To History she'll be no royal riddle --     Merely a plain parched pea that jumped the griddle.                                                                   G.J. ABDOMEN, n.  The temple of the god Stomach, in whose worship, with sacrificial rights, all true men engage.  From women this ancient faith commands but a stammering assent.  They sometimes minister at the altar in a half-hearted and ineffective way, but true reverence for the one deity that men really adore they know not.  If woman had a free hand in the world's marketing the race would become graminivorous. ABILITY, n.  The natural equipment to accomplish some small part of the meaner ambitions distinguishing able men from dead ones.  In the last analysis ability is commonly found to consist mainly in a high degree of solemnity.  Perhaps, however, this impressive quality is rightly appraised; it is no easy task to be solemn. ABNORMAL, adj.  Not conforming to standard.  In matters of thought and conduct, to be independent is to be abnormal, to be abnormal is to be detested.  Wherefore the lexicographer adviseth a striving toward the straiter [sic] resemblance of the Average Man than he hath to himself. Whoso attaineth thereto shall have peace, the prospect of death and the hope of Hell. ABORIGINIES, n.  Persons of little worth found cumbering the soil of a newly discovered country.  They soon cease to cumber; they fertilize. ABRACADABRA.     By _Abracadabra_ we signify         An infinite number of things.     'Tis the answer to What? and How? and Why?     And Whence? and Whither? -- a word whereby         The Truth (with the comfort it brings)     Is open to all who grope in night,     Crying for Wisdom's holy light.     Whether the word is a verb or a noun         Is knowledge beyond my reach.     I only know that 'tis handed down.             From sage to sage,             From age to age --         An immortal part of speech!     Of an ancient man the tale is told     That he lived to be ten centuries old,         In a cave on a mountain side.         (True, he finally died.)     The fame of his wisdom filled the land,     For his head was bald, and you'll understand         His beard was long and white         And his eyes uncommonly bright.     Philosophers gathered from far and near     To sit at his feat and hear and hear,             Though he never was heard             To utter a word         But "_Abracadabra, abracadab_,             _Abracada, abracad_,         _Abraca, abrac, abra, ab!_"             'Twas all he had,     'Twas all they wanted to hear, and each     Made copious notes of the mystical speech,             Which they published next --             A trickle of text     In the meadow of commentary.         Mighty big books were these,         In a number, as leaves of trees;     In learning, remarkably -- very!             He's dead,             As I said,     And the books of the sages have perished,     But his wisdom is sacredly cherished.     In _Abracadabra_ it solemnly rings,     Like an ancient bell that forever swings.             O, I love to hear             That word make clear     Humanity's General Sense of Things.                                                        Jamrach Holobom ABRIDGE, v.t.  To shorten.         When in the course of human events it becomes necessary for     people to abridge their king, a decent respect for the opinions of     mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel     them to the separation.                                                        Oliver Cromwell ABRUPT, adj.  Sudden, without ceremony, like the arrival of a cannon- shot and the departure of the soldier whose interests are most affected by it.  Dr. Samuel Johnson beautifully said of another author's ideas that they were "concatenated without abruption." ABSCOND, v.i.  To "move in a mysterious way," commonly with the property of another.     Spring beckons!  All things to the call respond;     The trees are leaving and cashiers abscond.                                                              Phela Orm ABSENT, adj.  Peculiarly exposed to the tooth of detraction; vilifed; hopelessly in the wrong; superseded in the consideration and affection of another.     To men a man is but a mind.  Who cares     What face he carries or what form he wears?     But woman's body is the woman.  O,     Stay thou, my sweetheart, and do never go,     But heed the warning words the sage hath said:     A woman absent is a woman dead.                                                             Jogo Tyree ABSENTEE, n.  A person with an income who has had the forethought to remove himself from the sphere of exaction. ABSOLUTE, adj.  Independent, irresponsible.  An absolute monarchy is one in which the sovereign does as he pleases so long as he pleases the assassins.  Not many absolute monarchies are left, most of them having been replaced by limited monarchies, where the sovereign's power for evil (and for good) is greatly curtailed, and by republics, which are governed by chance. ABSTAINER, n.  A weak person who yields to the temptation of denying himself a pleasure.  A total abstainer is one who abstains from everything but abstention, and especially from inactivity in the affairs of others.     Said a man to a crapulent youth:  "I thought         You a total abstainer, my son."     "So I am, so I am," said the scrapgrace caught --         "But not, sir, a bigoted one."                                                                   G.J. ABSURDITY, n.  A statement or belief manifestly inconsistent with one's own opinion. ACADEME, n.  An ancient school where morality and philosophy were taught. ACADEMY, n.  [from ACADEME]   A modern school where football is taught. ACCIDENT, n.  An inevitable occurrence due to the action of immutable natural laws. ACCOMPLICE, n.  One associated with another in a crime, having guilty knowledge and complicity, as an attorney who defends a criminal, knowing him guilty.  This view of the attorney's position in the matter has not hitherto commanded the assent of attorneys, no one having offered them a fee for assenting. ACCORD, n.  Harmony. ACCORDION, n.  An instrument in harmony with the sentiments of an assassin. ACCOUNTABILITY, n.  The mother of caution.     "My accountability, bear in mind,"         Said the Grand Vizier:  "Yes, yes,"     Said the Shah:  "I do -- 'tis the only kind         Of ability you possess."                                                             Joram Tate ACCUSE, v.t.  To affirm another's guilt or unworth; most commonly as a justification of ourselves for having wronged him. ACEPHALOUS, adj.  In the surprising condition of the Crusader who absently pulled at his forelock some hours after a Saracen scimitar had, unconsciously to him, passed through his neck, as related by de Joinville. ACHIEVEMENT, n.  The death of endeavor and the birth of disgust. ACKNOWLEDGE, v.t.  To confess.  Acknowledgement of one another's faults is the highest duty imposed by our love of truth. ACQUAINTANCE, n.  A person whom we know well enough to borrow from, but not well enough to lend to.  A degree of friendship called slight when its object is poor or obscure, and intimate when he is rich or famous. ACTUALLY, adv.  Perhaps; possibly. ADAGE, n.  Boned wisdom for weak teeth. ADAMANT, n.  A mineral frequently found beneath a corset.  Soluble in solicitate of gold. ADDER, n.  A species of snake.  So called from its habit of adding funeral outlays to the other expenses of living. ADHERENT, n.  A follower who has not yet obtained all that he expects to get. ADMINISTRATION, n.  An ingenious abstraction in politics, designed to receive the kicks and cuffs due to the premier or president.  A man of straw, proof against bad-egging and dead-catting. ADMIRAL, n.  That part of a war-ship which does the talking while the figure-head does the thinking. ADMIRATION, n.  Our polite recognition of another's resemblance to ourselves. ADMONITION, n.  Gentle reproof, as with a meat-axe.  Friendly warning.     Consigned by way of admonition,     His soul forever to perdition.                                                               Judibras ADORE, v.t.  To venerate expectantly. ADVICE, n.  The smallest current coin.     "The man was in such deep distress,"     Said Tom, "that I could do no less     Than give him good advice."  Said Jim:     "If less could have been done for him     I know you well enough, my son,     To know that's what you would have done."                                                          Jebel Jocordy AFFIANCED, pp.  Fitted with an ankle-ring for the ball-and-chain. AFFLICTION, n.  An acclimatizing process preparing the soul for another and bitter world. AFRICAN, n.  A nigger that votes our way. AGE, n.  That period of life in which we compound for the vices that we still cherish by reviling those that we have no longer the enterprise to commit. AGITATOR, n.  A statesman who shakes the fruit trees of his neighbors -- to dislodge the worms. AIM, n.  The task we set our wishes to.     "Cheer up!  Have you no aim in life?"         She tenderly inquired.     "An aim?  Well, no, I haven't, wife;         The fact is -- I have fired."                                                                   G.J. AIR, n.  A nutritious substance supplied by a bountiful Providence for the fattening of the poor. ALDERMAN, n.  An ingenious criminal who covers his secret thieving with a pretence of open marauding. ALIEN, n.  An American sovereign in his probationary state. ALLAH, n.  The Mahometan Supreme Being, as distinguished from the Christian, Jewish, and so forth.     Allah's good laws I faithfully have kept,     And ever for the sins of man have wept;         And sometimes kneeling in the temple I     Have reverently crossed my hands and slept.                                                          Junker Barlow ALLEGIANCE, n.     This thing Allegiance, as I suppose,     Is a ring fitted in the subject's nose,     Whereby that organ is kept rightly pointed     To smell the sweetness of the Lord's anointed.                                                                   G.J. ALLIANCE, n.  In international politics, the union of two thieves who have their hands so deeply inserted in each other's pockets that they cannot separately plunder a third. ALLIGATOR, n.  The crocodile of America, superior in every detail to the crocodile of the effete monarchies of the Old World.  Herodotus says the Indus is, with one exception, the only river that produces crocodiles, but they appear to have gone West and grown up with the other rivers.  From the notches on his back the alligator is called a sawrian. ALONE, adj.  In bad company.     In contact, lo! the flint and steel,     By spark and flame, the thought reveal     That he the metal, she the stone,     Had cherished secretly alone.                                                            Booley Fito ALTAR, n.  The place whereupon the priest formerly raveled out the small intestine of the sacrificial victim for purposes of divination and cooked its flesh for the gods.  The word is now seldom used, except with reference to the sacrifice of their liberty and peace by a male and a female tool.     They stood before the altar and supplied     The fire themselves in which their fat was fried.     In vain the sacrifice! -- no god will claim     An offering burnt with an unholy flame.                                                            M.P. Nopput AMBIDEXTROUS, adj.  Able to pick with equal skill a right-hand pocket or a left. AMBITION, n.  An overmastering desire to be vilified by enemies while living and made ridiculous by friends when dead. AMNESTY, n.  The state's magnanimity to those offenders whom it would be too expensive to punish. ANOINT, v.t.  To grease a king or other great functionary already sufficiently slippery.     As sovereigns are anointed by the priesthood,     So pigs to lead the populace are greased good.                                                               Judibras ANTIPATHY, n.  The sentiment inspired by one's friend's friend. APHORISM, n.  Predigested wisdom.     The flabby wine-skin of his brain     Yields to some pathologic strain,     And voids from its unstored abysm     The driblet of an aphorism.                                            "The Mad Philosopher," 1697 APOLOGIZE, v.i.  To lay the foundation for a future offence. APOSTATE, n.  A leech who, having penetrated the shell of a turtle only to find that the creature has long been dead, deems it expedient to form a new attachment to a fresh turtle. APOTHECARY, n.  The physician's accomplice, undertaker's benefactor and grave worm's provider.     When Jove sent blessings to all men that are,     And Mercury conveyed them in a jar,     That friend of tricksters introduced by stealth     Disease for the apothecary's health,     Whose gratitude impelled him to proclaim:     "My deadliest drug shall bear my patron's name!"                                                                   G.J. APPEAL, v.t.  In law, to put the dice into the box for another throw. APPETITE, n.  An instinct thoughtfully implanted by Providence as a solution to the labor question. APPLAUSE, n.  The echo of a platitude. APRIL FOOL, n.  The March fool with another month added to his folly. ARCHBISHOP, n.  An ecclesiastical dignitary one point holier than a bishop.     If I were a jolly archbishop,     On Fridays I'd eat all the fish up --     Salmon and flounders and smelts;     On other days everything else.                                                               Jodo Rem ARCHITECT, n.  One who drafts a plan of your house, and plans a draft of your money. ARDOR, n.  The quality that distinguishes love without knowledge. ARENA, n.  In politics, an imaginary rat-pit in which the statesman wrestles with his record. ARISTOCRACY, n.  Government by the best men.  (In this sense the word is obsolete; so is that kind of government.)  Fellows that wear downy hats and clean shirts -- guilty of education and suspected of bank accounts. ARMOR, n.  The kind of clothing worn by a man whose tailor is a blacksmith. ARRAYED, pp.  Drawn up and given an orderly disposition, as a rioter hanged to a lamppost. ARREST, v.t.  Formally to detain one accused of unusualness.     God made the world in six days and was arrested on the seventh.                                             _The Unauthorized Version_ ARSENIC, n.  A kind of cosmetic greatly affected by the ladies, whom it greatly affects in turn.     "Eat arsenic?  Yes, all you get,"         Consenting, he did speak up;     "'Tis better you should eat it, pet,         Than put it in my teacup."                                                              Joel Huck ART, n.  This word has no definition.  Its origin is related as follows by the ingenious Father Gassalasca Jape, S.J.     One day a wag -- what would the wretch be at? --     Shifted a letter of the cipher RAT,     And said it was a god's name!  Straight arose     Fantastic priests and postulants (with shows,     And mysteries, and mummeries, and hymns,     And disputations dire that lamed their limbs)     To serve his temple and maintain the fires,     Expound the law, manipulate the wires.     Amazed, the populace that rites attend,     Believe whate'er they cannot comprehend,     And, inly edified to learn that two     Half-hairs joined so and so (as Art can do)     Have sweeter values and a grace more fit     Than Nature's hairs that never have been split,     Bring cates and wines for sacrificial feasts,     And sell their garments to support the priests. ARTLESSNESS, n.  A certain engaging quality to which women attain by long study and severe practice upon the admiring male, who is pleased to fancy it resembles the candid simplicity of his young. ASPERSE, v.t.  Maliciously to ascribe to another vicious actions which one has not had the temptation and opportunity to commit. ASS, n.  A public singer with a good voice but no ear.  In Virginia City, Nevada, he is called the Washoe Canary, in Dakota, the Senator, and everywhere the Donkey.  The animal is widely and variously celebrated in the literature, art and religion of every age and country; no other so engages and fires the human imagination as this noble vertebrate.  Indeed, it is doubted by some (Ramasilus, _lib. II., De Clem._, and C. Stantatus, _De Temperamente_) if it is not a god; and as such we know it was worshiped by the Etruscans, and, if we may believe Macrobious, by the Cupasians also.  Of the only two animals admitted into the Mahometan Paradise along with the souls of men, the ass that carried Balaam is one, the dog of the Seven Sleepers the other.  This is no small distinction.  From what has been written about this beast might be compiled a library of great splendor and magnitude, rivalling that of the Shakespearean cult, and that which clusters about the Bible.  It may be said, generally, that all literature is more or less Asinine.     "Hail, holy Ass!" the quiring angels sing;     "Priest of Unreason, and of Discords King!"     Great co-Creator, let Thy glory shine:     God made all else, the Mule, the Mule is thine!"                                                                   G.J. AUCTIONEER, n.  The man who proclaims with a hammer that he has picked a pocket with his tongue. AUSTRALIA, n.  A country lying in the South Sea, whose industrial and commercial development has been unspeakably retarded by an unfortunate dispute among geographers as to whether it is a continent or an island. AVERNUS, n.  The lake by which the ancients entered the infernal regions.  The fact that access to the infernal regions was obtained by a lake is believed by the learned Marcus Ansello Scrutator to have suggested the Christian rite of baptism by immersion.  This, however, has been shown by Lactantius to be an error.     _Facilis descensus Averni,_         The poet remarks; and the sense     Of it is that when down-hill I turn I         Will get more of punches than pence.                                                         Jehal Dai Lupe                                     B   BAAL, n.  An old deity formerly much worshiped under various names. As Baal he was popular with the Phoenicians; as Belus or Bel he had the honor to be served by the priest Berosus, who wrote the famous account of the Deluge; as Babel he had a tower partly erected to his glory on the Plain of Shinar.  From Babel comes our English word "babble."  Under whatever name worshiped, Baal is the Sun-god.  As Beelzebub he is the god of flies, which are begotten of the sun's rays on the stagnant water.  In Physicia Baal is still worshiped as Bolus, and as Belly he is adored and served with abundant sacrifice by the priests of Guttledom. BABE or BABY, n.  A misshapen creature of no particular age, sex, or condition, chiefly remarkable for the violence of the sympathies and antipathies it excites in others, itself without sentiment or emotion. There have been famous babes; for example, little Moses, from whose adventure in the bulrushes the Egyptian hierophants of seven centuries before doubtless derived their idle tale of the child Osiris being preserved on a floating lotus leaf.             Ere babes were invented             The girls were contended.             Now man is tormented     Until to buy babes he has squandered     His money.  And so I have pondered             This thing, and thought may be             'T were better that Baby     The First had been eagled or condored.                                                                Ro Amil BACCHUS, n.  A convenient deity invented by the ancients as an excuse for getting drunk.     Is public worship, then, a sin,         That for devotions paid to Bacchus     The lictors dare to run us in,         And resolutely thump and whack us?                                                                 Jorace BACK, n.  That part of your friend which it is your privilege to contemplate in your adversity. BACKBITE, v.t.  To speak of a man as you find him when he can't find you. BAIT, n.  A preparation that renders the hook more palatable.  The best kind is beauty. BAPTISM, n.  A sacred rite of such efficacy that he who finds himself in heaven without having undergone it will be unhappy forever.  It is performed with water in two ways -- by immersion, or plunging, and by aspersion, or sprinkling.     But whether the plan of immersion     Is better than simple aspersion         Let those immersed         And those aspersed     Decide by the Authorized Version,     And by matching their agues tertian.                                                                   G.J. BAROMETER, n.  An ingenious instrument which indicates what kind of weather we are having. BARRACK, n.  A house in which soldiers enjoy a portion of that of which it is their business to deprive others. BASILISK, n.  The cockatrice.  A sort of serpent hatched form the egg of a cock.  The basilisk had a bad eye, and its glance was fatal. Many infidels deny this creature's existence, but Semprello Aurator saw and handled one that had been blinded by lightning as a punishment for having fatally gazed on a lady of rank whom Jupiter loved.  Juno afterward restored the reptile's sight and hid it in a cave.  Nothing is so well attested by the ancients as the existence of the basilisk, but the cocks have stopped laying. BASTINADO, n.  The act of walking on wood without exertion. BATH, n.  A kind of mystic ceremony substituted for religious worship, with what spiritual efficacy has not been determined.     The man who taketh a steam bath     He loseth all the skin he hath,     And, for he's boiled a brilliant red,     Thinketh to cleanliness he's wed,     Forgetting that his lungs he's soiling     With dirty vapors of the boiling.                                                           Richard Gwow BATTLE, n.  A method of untying with the teeth of a political knot that would not yield to the tongue. BEARD, n.  The hair that is commonly cut off by those who justly execrate the absurd Chinese custom of shaving the head. BEAUTY, n.  The power by which a woman charms a lover and terrifies a husband. BEFRIEND, v.t.  To make an ingrate. BEG, v.  To ask for something with an earnestness proportioned to the belief that it will not be given.     Who is that, father?                           A mendicant, child,     Haggard, morose, and unaffable -- wild!     See how he glares through the bars of his cell!     With Citizen Mendicant all is not well.     Why did they put him there, father?                                          Because     Obeying his belly he struck at the laws.     His belly?                 Oh, well, he was starving, my boy --     A state in which, doubtless, there's little of joy.     No bite had he eaten for days, and his cry     Was "Bread!" ever "Bread!"                                 What's the matter with pie?     With little to wear, he had nothing to sell;     To beg was unlawful -- improper as well.     Why didn't he work?                          He would even have done that,     But men said:  "Get out!" and the State remarked:  "Scat!"     I mention these incidents merely to show     That the vengeance he took was uncommonly low.     Revenge, at the best, is the act of a Siou,     But for trifles --                         Pray what did bad Mendicant do?     Stole two loaves of bread to replenish his lack     And tuck out the belly that clung to his back.     Is that _all_ father dear?                                 There's little to tell:     They sent him to jail, and they'll send him to -- well,     The company's better than here we can boast,     And there's --                     Bread for the needy, dear father?                                                        Um -- toast.                                                               Atka Mip BEGGAR, n.  One who has relied on the assistance of his friends. BEHAVIOR, n.  Conduct, as determined, not by principle, but by breeding.  The word seems to be somewhat loosely used in Dr. Jamrach Holobom's translation of the following lines from the _Dies Irae_:         Recordare, Jesu pie,         Quod sum causa tuae viae.         Ne me perdas illa die.     Pray remember, sacred Savior,     Whose the thoughtless hand that gave your     Death-blow.  Pardon such behavior. BELLADONNA, n.  In Italian a beautiful lady; in English a deadly poison.  A striking example of the essential identity of the two tongues. BENEDICTINES, n.  An order of monks otherwise known as black friars.     She thought it a crow, but it turn out to be         A monk of St. Benedict croaking a text.     "Here's one of an order of cooks," said she --         "Black friars in this world, fried black in the next."                                    "The Devil on Earth" (London, 1712) BENEFACTOR, n.  One who makes heavy purchases of ingratitude, without, however, materially affecting the price, which is still within the means of all. BERENICE'S HAIR, n.  A constellation (_Coma Berenices_) named in honor of one who sacrificed her hair to save her husband.     Her locks an ancient lady gave     Her loving husband's life to save;     And men -- they honored so the dame --     Upon some stars bestowed her name.     But to our modern married fair,     Who'd give their lords to save their hair,     No stellar recognition's given.     There are not stars enough in heaven.                                                                   G.J. BIGAMY, n.  A mistake in taste for which the wisdom of the future will adjudge a punishment called trigamy. BIGOT, n.  One who is obstinately and zealously attached to an opinion that you do not entertain. BILLINGSGATE, n.  The invective of an opponent. BIRTH, n.  The first and direst of all disasters.  As to the nature of it there appears to be no uniformity.  Castor and Pollux were born from the egg.  Pallas came out of a skull.  Galatea was once a block of stone.  Peresilis, who wrote in the tenth century, avers that he grew up out of the ground where a priest had spilled holy water.  It is known that Arimaxus was derived from a hole in the earth, made by a stroke of lightning.  Leucomedon was the son of a cavern in Mount Aetna, and I have myself seen a man come out of a wine cellar. BLACKGUARD, n.  A man whose qualities, prepared for display like a box of berries in a market -- the fine ones on top -- have been opened on the wrong side.  An inverted gentleman. BLANK-VERSE, n.  Unrhymed iambic pentameters -- the most difficult kind of English verse to write acceptably; a kind, therefore, much affected by those who cannot acceptably write any kind. BODY-SNATCHER, n.  A robber of grave-worms.  One who supplies the young physicians with that with which the old physicians have supplied the undertaker.  The hyena.     "One night," a doctor said, "last fall,     I and my comrades, four in all,         When visiting a graveyard stood     Within the shadow of a wall.     "While waiting for the moon to sink     We saw a wild hyena slink         About a new-made grave, and then     Begin to excavate its brink!     "Shocked by the horrid act, we made     A sally from our ambuscade,         And, falling on the unholy beast,     Dispatched him with a pick and spade."                                                       Bettel K. Jhones BONDSMAN, n.  A fool who, having property of his own, undertakes to become responsible for that entrusted to another to a third.     Philippe of Orleans wishing to appoint one of his favorites, a dissolute nobleman, to a high office, asked him what security he would be able to give.  "I need no bondsmen," he replied, "for I can give you my word of honor."  "And pray what may be the value of that?" inquired the amused Regent.  "Monsieur, it is worth its weight in gold." BORE, n.  A person who talks when you wish him to listen. BOTANY, n.  The science of vegetables -- those that are not good to eat, as well as those that are.  It deals largely with their flowers, which are commonly badly designed, inartistic in color, and ill- smelling. BOTTLE-NOSED, adj.  Having a nose created in the image of its maker. BOUNDARY, n.  In political geography, an imaginary line between two nations, separating the imaginary rights of one from the imaginary rights of the other. BOUNTY, n.  The liberality of one who has much, in permitting one who has nothing to get all that he can.         A single swallow, it is said, devours ten millions of insects     every year.  The supplying of these insects I take to be a signal     instance of the Creator's bounty in providing for the lives of His     creatures.                                                     Henry Ward Beecher BRAHMA, n.  He who created the Hindoos, who are preserved by Vishnu and destroyed by Siva -- a rather neater division of labor than is found among the deities of some other nations.  The Abracadabranese, for example, are created by Sin, maintained by Theft and destroyed by Folly.  The priests of Brahma, like those of Abracadabranese, are holy and learned men who are never naughty.     O Brahma, thou rare old Divinity,     First Person of the Hindoo Trinity,     You sit there so calm and securely,     With feet folded up so demurely --     You're the First Person Singular, surely.                                                         Polydore Smith BRAIN, n. An apparatus with which we think what we think.  That which distinguishes the man who is content to _be_ something from the man who wishes to _do_ something.  A man of great wealth, or one who has been pitchforked into high station, has commonly such a headful of brain that his neighbors cannot keep their hats on.  In our civilization, and under our republican form of government, brain is so highly honored that it is rewarded by exemption from the cares of office. BRANDY, n.  A cordial composed of one part thunder-and-lightning, one part remorse, two parts bloody murder, one part death-hell-and-the- grave and four parts clarified Satan.  Dose, a headful all the time. Brandy is said by Dr. Johnson to be the drink of heroes.  Only a hero will venture to drink it. BRIDE, n.  A woman with a fine prospect of happiness behind her. BRUTE, n.  See HUSBAND.                                     C   CAABA, n.  A large stone presented by the archangel Gabriel to the patriarch Abraham, and preserved at Mecca.  The patriarch had perhaps asked the archangel for bread. CABBAGE, n.  A familiar kitchen-garden vegetable about as large and wise as a man's head.     The cabbage is so called from Cabagius, a prince who on ascending the throne issued a decree appointing a High Council of Empire consisting of the members of his predecessor's Ministry and the cabbages in the royal garden.  When any of his Majesty's measures of state policy miscarried conspicuously it was gravely announced that several members of the High Council had been beheaded, and his murmuring subjects were appeased. CALAMITY, n.  A more than commonly plain and unmistakable reminder that the affairs of this life are not of our own ordering.  Calamities are of two kinds:  misfortune to ourselves, and good fortune to others. CALLOUS, adj.  Gifted with great fortitude to bear the evils afflicting another.     When Zeno was told that one of his enemies was no more he was observed to be deeply moved.  "What!" said one of his disciples, "you weep at the death of an enemy?"  "Ah, 'tis true," replied the great Stoic; "but you should see me smile at the death of a friend." CALUMNUS, n.  A graduate of the School for Scandal. CAMEL, n.  A quadruped (the _Splaypes humpidorsus_) of great value to the show business.  There are two kinds of camels -- the camel proper and the camel improper.  It is the latter that is always exhibited. CANNIBAL, n.  A gastronome of the old school who preserves the simple tastes and adheres to the natural diet of the pre-pork period. CANNON, n.  An instrument employed in the rectification of national boundaries. CANONICALS, n.  The motley worm by Jesters of the Court of Heaven. CAPITAL, n.  The seat of misgovernment.  That which provides the fire, the pot, the dinner, the table and the knife and fork for the anarchist; the part of the repast that himself supplies is the disgrace before meat.  _Capital Punishment_, a penalty regarding the justice and expediency of which many worthy persons -- including all the assassins -- entertain grave misgivings. CARMELITE, n.  A mendicant friar of the order of Mount Carmel.     As Death was a-rising out one day,     Across Mount Camel he took his way,         Where he met a mendicant monk,         Some three or four quarters drunk,     With a holy leer and a pious grin,     Ragged and fat and as saucy as sin,         Who held out his hands and cried:     "Give, give in Charity's name, I pray.     Give in the name of the Church.  O give,     Give that her holy sons may live!"         And Death replied,         Smiling long and wide:         "I'll give, holy father, I'll give thee -- a ride."         With a rattle and bang         Of his bones, he sprang     From his famous Pale Horse, with his spear;         By the neck and the foot         Seized the fellow, and put     Him astride with his face to the rear.     The Monarch laughed loud with a sound that fell     Like clods on the coffin's sounding shell:     "Ho, ho!  A beggar on horseback, they say,         Will ride to the devil!" -- and _thump_         Fell the flat of his dart on the rump     Of the charger, which galloped away.     Faster and faster and faster it flew,     Till the rocks and the flocks and the trees that grew     By the road were dim and blended and blue         To the wild, wild eyes         Of the rider -- in size         Resembling a couple of blackberry pies.     Death laughed again, as a tomb might laugh         At a burial service spoiled,         And the mourners' intentions foiled         By the body erecting         Its head and objecting     To further proceedings in its behalf.     Many a year and many a day     Have passed since these events away.     The monk has long been a dusty corse,     And Death has never recovered his horse.         For the friar got hold of its tail,         And steered it within the pale     Of the monastery gray,     Where the beast was stabled and fed     With barley and oil and bread     Till fatter it grew than the fattest friar,     And so in due course was appointed Prior.                                                                   G.J. CARNIVOROUS, adj.  Addicted to the cruelty of devouring the timorous vegetarian, his heirs and assigns. CARTESIAN, adj.  Relating to Descartes, a famous philosopher, author of the celebrated dictum, _Cogito ergo sum_ -- whereby he was pleased to suppose he demonstrated the reality of human existence.  The dictum might be improved, however, thus:  _Cogito cogito ergo cogito sum_ -- "I think that I think, therefore I think that I am;" as close an approach to certainty as any philosopher has yet made. CAT, n.  A soft, indestructible automaton provided by nature to be kicked when things go wrong in the domestic circle.     This is a dog,         This is a cat.     This is a frog,         This is a rat.     Run, dog, mew, cat.     Jump, frog, gnaw, rat.                                                              Elevenson CAVILER, n.  A critic of our own work. CEMETERY, n.  An isolated suburban spot where mourners match lies, poets write at a target and stone-cutters spell for a wager.  The inscriptions following will serve to illustrate the success attained in these Olympian games:         His virtues were so conspicuous that his enemies, unable to     overlook them, denied them, and his friends, to whose loose lives     they were a rebuke, represented them as vices.  They are here     commemorated by his family, who shared them.         In the earth we here prepare a         Place to lay our little Clara.                                              Thomas M. and Mary Frazer         P.S. -- Gabriel will raise her. CENTAUR, n.  One of a race of persons who lived before the division of labor had been carried to such a pitch of differentiation, and who followed the primitive economic maxim, "Every man his own horse."  The best of the lot was Chiron, who to the wisdom and virtues of the horse added the fleetness of man.  The scripture story of the head of John the Baptist on a charger shows that pagan myths have somewhat sophisticated sacred history. CERBERUS, n.  The watch-dog of Hades, whose duty it was to guard the entrance -- against whom or what does not clearly appear; everybody, sooner or later, had to go there, and nobody wanted to carry off the entrance.  Cerberus is known to have had three heads, and some of the poets have credited him with as many as a hundred.  Professor Graybill, whose clerky erudition and profound knowledge of Greek give his opinion great weight, has averaged all the estimates, and makes the number twenty-seven -- a judgment that would be entirely conclusive is Professor Graybill had known (a) something about dogs, and (b) something about arithmetic. CHILDHOOD, n.  The period of human life intermediate between the idiocy of infancy and the folly of youth -- two removes from the sin of manhood and three from the remorse of age. CHRISTIAN, n.  One who believes that the New Testament is a divinely inspired book admirably suited to the spiritual needs of his neighbor. One who follows the teachings of Christ in so far as they are not inconsistent with a life of sin.     I dreamed I stood upon a hill, and, lo!     The godly multitudes walked to and fro     Beneath, in Sabbath garments fitly clad,     With pious mien, appropriately sad,     While all the church bells made a solemn din --     A fire-alarm to those who lived in sin.     Then saw I gazing thoughtfully below,     With tranquil face, upon that holy show     A tall, spare figure in a robe of white,     Whose eyes diffused a melancholy light.     "God keep you, strange," I exclaimed.  "You are     No doubt (your habit shows it) from afar;     And yet I entertain the hope that you,     Like these good people, are a Christian too."     He raised his eyes and with a look so stern     It made me with a thousand blushes burn     Replied -- his manner with disdain was spiced:     "What!  I a Christian?  No, indeed!  I'm Christ."                                                                   G.J. CIRCUS, n.  A place where horses, ponies and elephants are permitted to see men, women and children acting the fool. CLAIRVOYANT, n.  A person, commonly a woman, who has the power of seeing that which is invisible to her patron, namely, that he is a blockhead. CLARIONET, n.  An instrument of torture operated by a person with cotton in his ears.  There are two instruments that are worse than a clarionet -- two clarionets. CLERGYMAN, n.  A man who undertakes the management of our spiritual affairs as a method of better his temporal ones. CLIO, n.  One of the nine Muses.  Clio's function was to preside over history -- which she did with great dignity, many of the prominent citizens of Athens occupying seats on the platform, the meetings being addressed by Messrs. Xenophon, Herodotus and other popular speakers. CLOCK, n.  A machine of great moral value to man, allaying his concern for the future by reminding him what a lot of time remains to him.     A busy man complained one day:     "I get no time!"  "What's that you say?"     Cried out his friend, a lazy quiz;     "You have, sir, all the time there is.     There's plenty, too, and don't you doubt it --     We're never for an hour without it."                                                           Purzil Crofe CLOSE-FISTED, adj.  Unduly desirous of keeping that which many meritorious persons wish to obtain.     "Close-fisted Scotchman!" Johnson cried         To thrifty J. Macpherson;     "See me -- I'm ready to divide         With any worthy person."     Sad Jamie:  "That is very true --         The boast requires no backing;     And all are worthy, sir, to you,         Who have what you are lacking."                                                          Anita M. Bobe COENOBITE, n.  A man who piously shuts himself up to meditate upon the sin of wickedness; and to keep it fresh in his mind joins a brotherhood of awful examples.     O Coenobite, O coenobite,         Monastical gregarian,     You differ from the anchorite,         That solitudinarian:     With vollied prayers you wound Old Nick;     With dropping shots he makes him sick.                                                           Quincy Giles COMFORT, n.  A state of mind produced by contemplation of a neighbor's uneasiness. COMMENDATION, n.  The tribute that we pay to achievements that resembles, but do not equal, our own. COMMERCE, n.  A kind of transaction in which A plunders from B the goods of C, and for compensation B picks the pocket of D of money belonging to E. COMMONWEALTH, n.  An administrative entity operated by an incalculable multitude of political parasites, logically active but fortuitously efficient.     This commonwealth's capitol's corridors view,     So thronged with a hungry and indolent crew     Of clerks, pages, porters and all attaches     Whom rascals appoint and the populace pays     That a cat cannot slip through the thicket of shins     Nor hear its own shriek for the noise of their chins.     On clerks and on pages, and porters, and all,     Misfortune attend and disaster befall!     May life be to them a succession of hurts;     May fleas by the bushel inhabit their shirts;     May aches and diseases encamp in their bones,     Their lungs full of tubercles, bladders of stones;     May microbes, bacilli, their tissues infest,     And tapeworms securely their bowels digest;     May corn-cobs be snared without hope in their hair,     And frequent impalement their pleasure impair.     Disturbed be their dreams by the awful discourse     Of audible sofas sepulchrally hoarse,     By chairs acrobatic and wavering floors --     The mattress that kicks and the pillow that snores!     Sons of cupidity, cradled in sin!     Your criminal ranks may the death angel thin,     Avenging the friend whom I couldn't work in.                                                                   K.Q. COMPROMISE, n.  Such an adjustment of conflicting interests as gives each adversary the satisfaction of thinking he has got what he ought not to have, and is deprived of nothing except what was justly his due. COMPULSION, n.  The eloquence of power. CONDOLE, v.i.  To show that bereavement is a smaller evil than sympathy. CONFIDANT, CONFIDANTE, n.  One entrusted by A with the secrets of B, confided by _him_ to C. CONGRATULATION, n.  The civility of envy. CONGRESS, n.  A body of men who meet to repeal laws. CONNOISSEUR, n.  A specialist who knows everything about something and nothing about anything else.     An old wine-bibber having been smashed in a railway collision, some wine was pouted on his lips to revive him.  "Pauillac, 1873," he murmured and died. CONSERVATIVE, n.  A statesman who is enamored of existing evils, as distinguished from the Liberal, who wishes to replace them with others. CONSOLATION, n.  The knowledge that a better man is more unfortunate than yourself. CONSUL, n.  In American politics, a person who having failed to secure and office from the people is given one by the Administration on condition that he leave the country. CONSULT, v.i.  To seek another's disapproval of a course already decided on. CONTEMPT, n.  The feeling of a prudent man for an enemy who is too formidable safely to be opposed. CONTROVERSY, n.  A battle in which spittle or ink replaces the injurious cannon-ball and the inconsiderate bayonet.     In controversy with the facile tongue --     That bloodless warfare of the old and young --     So seek your adversary to engage     That on himself he shall exhaust his rage,     And, like a snake that's fastened to the ground,     With his own fangs inflict the fatal wound.     You ask me how this miracle is done?     Adopt his own opinions, one by one,     And taunt him to refute them; in his wrath     He'll sweep them pitilessly from his path.     Advance then gently all you wish to prove,     Each proposition prefaced with, "As you've     So well remarked," or, "As you wisely say,     And I cannot dispute," or, "By the way,     This view of it which, better far expressed,     Runs through your argument."  Then leave the rest     To him, secure that he'll perform his trust     And prove your views intelligent and just.                                                     Conmore Apel Brune CONVENT, n.  A place of retirement for woman who wish for leisure to meditate upon the vice of idleness. CONVERSATION, n.  A fair to the display of the minor mental commodities, each exhibitor being too intent upon the arrangement of his own wares to observe those of his neighbor. CORONATION, n.  The ceremony of investing a sovereign with the outward and visible signs of his divine right to be blown skyhigh with a dynamite bomb. CORPORAL, n.  A man who occupies the lowest rung of the military ladder.     Fiercely the battle raged and, sad to tell,     Our corporal heroically fell!     Fame from her height looked down upon the brawl     And said:  "He hadn't very far to fall."                                                          Giacomo Smith CORPORATION, n.  An ingenious device for obtaining individual profit without individual responsibility. CORSAIR, n.  A politician of the seas. COURT FOOL, n.  The plaintiff. COWARD, n.  One who in a perilous emergency thinks with his legs. CRAYFISH, n.  A small crustacean very much resembling the lobster, but less indigestible.         In this small fish I take it that human wisdom is admirably     figured and symbolized; for whereas the crayfish doth move only     backward, and can have only retrospection, seeing naught but the     perils already passed, so the wisdom of man doth not enable him to     avoid the follies that beset his course, but only to apprehend     their nature afterward.                                                     Sir James Merivale CREDITOR, n.  One of a tribe of savages dwelling beyond the Financial Straits and dreaded for their desolating incursions. CREMONA, n.  A high-priced violin made in Connecticut. CRITIC, n.  A person who boasts himself hard to please because nobody tries to please him.     There is a land of pure delight,         Beyond the Jordan's flood,     Where saints, apparelled all in white,         Fling back the critic's mud.     And as he legs it through the skies,         His pelt a sable hue,     He sorrows sore to recognize         The missiles that he threw.                                                             Orrin Goof CROSS, n.  An ancient religious symbol erroneously supposed to owe its significance to the most solemn event in the history of Christianity, but really antedating it by thousands of years.  By many it has been believed to be identical with the _crux ansata_ of the ancient phallic worship, but it has been traced even beyond all that we know of that, to the rites of primitive peoples.  We have to-day the White Cross as a symbol of chastity, and the Red Cross as a badge of benevolent neutrality in war.  Having in mind the former, the reverend Father Gassalasca Jape smites the lyre to the effect following:     "Be good, be good!" the sisterhood         Cry out in holy chorus,     And, to dissuade from sin, parade         Their various charms before us.     But why, O why, has ne'er an eye         Seen her of winsome manner     And youthful grace and pretty face         Flaunting the White Cross banner?     Now where's the need of speech and screed         To better our behaving?     A simpler plan for saving man         (But, first, is he worth saving?)     Is, dears, when he declines to flee         From bad thoughts that beset him,     Ignores the Law as 't were a straw,         And wants to sin -- don't let him. CUI BONO?  [Latin]  What good would that do _me_? CUNNING, n.  The faculty that distinguishes a weak animal or person from a strong one.  It brings its possessor much mental satisfaction and great material adversity.  An Italian proverb says:  "The furrier gets the skins of more foxes than asses." CUPID, n.  The so-called god of love.  This bastard creation of a barbarous fancy was no doubt inflicted upon mythology for the sins of its deities.  Of all unbeautiful and inappropriate conceptions this is the most reasonless and offensive.  The notion of symbolizing sexual love by a semisexless babe, and comparing the pains of passion to the wounds of an arrow -- of introducing this pudgy homunculus into art grossly to materialize the subtle spirit and suggestion of the work -- this is eminently worthy of the age that, giving it birth, laid it on the doorstep of prosperity. CURIOSITY, n.  An objectionable quality of the female mind.  The desire to know whether or not a woman is cursed with curiosity is one of the most active and insatiable passions of the masculine soul. CURSE, v.t.  Energetically to belabor with a verbal slap-stick.  This is an operation which in literature, particularly in the drama, is commonly fatal to the victim.  Nevertheless, the liability to a cursing is a risk that cuts but a small figure in fixing the rates of life insurance. CYNIC, n.  A blackguard whose faulty vision sees things as they are, not as they ought to be.  Hence the custom among the Scythians of plucking out a cynic's eyes to improve his vision.