P   PAIN, n.  An uncomfortable frame of mind that may have a physical basis in something that is being done to the body, or may be purely mental, caused by the good fortune of another. PAINTING, n.  The art of protecting flat surfaces from the weather and exposing them to the critic.     Formerly, painting and sculpture were combined in the same work: the ancients painted their statues.  The only present alliance between the two arts is that the modern painter chisels his patrons. PALACE, n.  A fine and costly residence, particularly that of a great official.  The residence of a high dignitary of the Christian Church is called a palace; that of the Founder of his religion was known as a field, or wayside.  There is progress. PALM, n.  A species of tree having several varieties, of which the familiar "itching palm" (_Palma hominis_) is most widely distributed and sedulously cultivated.  This noble vegetable exudes a kind of invisible gum, which may be detected by applying to the bark a piece of gold or silver.  The metal will adhere with remarkable tenacity. The fruit of the itching palm is so bitter and unsatisfying that a considerable percentage of it is sometimes given away in what are known as "benefactions." PALMISTRY, n.  The 947th method (according to Mimbleshaw's classification) of obtaining money by false pretences.  It consists in "reading character" in the wrinkles made by closing the hand.  The pretence is not altogether false; character can really be read very accurately in this way, for the wrinkles in every hand submitted plainly spell the word "dupe."  The imposture consists in not reading it aloud. PANDEMONIUM, n.  Literally, the Place of All the Demons.  Most of them have escaped into politics and finance, and the place is now used as a lecture hall by the Audible Reformer.  When disturbed by his voice the ancient echoes clamor appropriate responses most gratifying to his pride of distinction. PANTALOONS, n.  A nether habiliment of the adult civilized male.  The garment is tubular and unprovided with hinges at the points of flexion.  Supposed to have been invented by a humorist.  Called "trousers" by the enlightened and "pants" by the unworthy. PANTHEISM, n.  The doctrine that everything is God, in contradistinction to the doctrine that God is everything. PANTOMIME, n.  A play in which the story is told without violence to the language.  The least disagreeable form of dramatic action. PARDON, v.  To remit a penalty and restore to the life of crime.  To add to the lure of crime the temptation of ingratitude. PASSPORT, n.  A document treacherously inflicted upon a citizen going abroad, exposing him as an alien and pointing him out for special reprobation and outrage. PAST, n.  That part of Eternity with some small fraction of which we have a slight and regrettable acquaintance.  A moving line called the Present parts it from an imaginary period known as the Future.  These two grand divisions of Eternity, of which the one is continually effacing the other, are entirely unlike.  The one is dark with sorrow and disappointment, the other bright with prosperity and joy.  The Past is the region of sobs, the Future is the realm of song.  In the one crouches Memory, clad in sackcloth and ashes, mumbling penitential prayer; in the sunshine of the other Hope flies with a free wing, beckoning to temples of success and bowers of ease.  Yet the Past is the Future of yesterday, the Future is the Past of to-morrow.  They are one -- the knowledge and the dream. PASTIME, n.  A device for promoting dejection.  Gentle exercise for intellectual debility. PATIENCE, n.  A minor form of despair, disguised as a virtue. PATRIOT, n.  One to whom the interests of a part seem superior to those of the whole.  The dupe of statesmen and the tool of conquerors. PATRIOTISM, n.  Combustible rubbish read to the torch of any one ambitious to illuminate his name.     In Dr. Johnson's famous dictionary patriotism is defined as the last resort of a scoundrel.  With all due respect to an enlightened but inferior lexicographer I beg to submit that it is the first. PEACE, n.  In international affairs, a period of cheating between two periods of fighting.     O, what's the loud uproar assailing         Mine ears without cease?     'Tis the voice of the hopeful, all-hailing         The horrors of peace.     Ah, Peace Universal; they woo it --         Would marry it, too.     If only they knew how to do it         'Twere easy to do.     They're working by night and by day         On their problem, like moles.     Have mercy, O Heaven, I pray,         On their meddlesome souls!                                                                Ro Amil PEDESTRIAN, n.  The variable (an audible) part of the roadway for an automobile. PEDIGREE, n.  The known part of the route from an arboreal ancestor with a swim bladder to an urban descendant with a cigarette. PENITENT, adj.  Undergoing or awaiting punishment. PERFECTION, n.  An imaginary state of quality distinguished from the actual by an element known as excellence; an attribute of the critic.     The editor of an English magazine having received a letter pointing out the erroneous nature of his views and style, and signed "Perfection," promptly wrote at the foot of the letter:  "I don't agree with you," and mailed it to Matthew Arnold. PERIPATETIC, adj.  Walking about.  Relating to the philosophy of Aristotle, who, while expounding it, moved from place to place in order to avoid his pupil's objections.  A needless precaution -- they knew no more of the matter than he. PERORATION, n.  The explosion of an oratorical rocket.  It dazzles, but to an observer having the wrong kind of nose its most conspicuous peculiarity is the smell of the several kinds of powder used in preparing it. PERSEVERANCE, n.  A lowly virtue whereby mediocrity achieves an inglorious success.     "Persevere, persevere!" cry the homilists all,     Themselves, day and night, persevering to bawl.     "Remember the fable of tortoise and hare --     The one at the goal while the other is -- where?"     Why, back there in Dreamland, renewing his lease     Of life, all his muscles preserving the peace,     The goal and the rival forgotten alike,     And the long fatigue of the needless hike.     His spirit a-squat in the grass and the dew     Of the dogless Land beyond the Stew,     He sleeps, like a saint in a holy place,     A winner of all that is good in a race.                                                           Sukker Uffro PESSIMISM, n.  A philosophy forced upon the convictions of the observer by the disheartening prevalence of the optimist with his scarecrow hope and his unsightly smile. PHILANTHROPIST, n.  A rich (and usually bald) old gentleman who has trained himself to grin while his conscience is picking his pocket. PHILISTINE, n.  One whose mind is the creature of its environment, following the fashion in thought, feeling and sentiment.  He is sometimes learned, frequently prosperous, commonly clean and always solemn. PHILOSOPHY, n.  A route of many roads leading from nowhere to nothing. PHOENIX, n.  The classical prototype of the modern "small hot bird." PHONOGRAPH, n.  An irritating toy that restores life to dead noises. PHOTOGRAPH, n.  A picture painted by the sun without instruction in art.  It is a little better than the work of an Apache, but not quite so good as that of a Cheyenne. PHRENOLOGY, n.  The science of picking the pocket through the scalp. It consists in locating and exploiting the organ that one is a dupe with. PHYSICIAN, n.  One upon whom we set our hopes when ill and our dogs when well. PHYSIOGNOMY, n.  The art of determining the character of another by the resemblances and differences between his face and our own, which is the standard of excellence.     "There is no art," says Shakespeare, foolish man,         "To read the mind's construction in the face."     The physiognomists his portrait scan,         And say:  "How little wisdom here we trace!     He knew his face disclosed his mind and heart,     So, in his own defence, denied our art."                                                          Lavatar Shunk PIANO, n.  A parlor utensil for subduing the impenitent visitor.  It is operated by pressing the keys of the machine and the spirits of the audience. PICKANINNY, n.  The young of the _Procyanthropos_, or _Americanus dominans_.  It is small, black and charged with political fatalities. PICTURE, n.  A representation in two dimensions of something wearisome in three.     "Behold great Daubert's picture here on view --     Taken from Life."  If that description's true,     Grant, heavenly Powers, that I be taken, too.                                                              Jali Hane PIE, n.  An advance agent of the reaper whose name is Indigestion.     Cold pie was highly esteemed by the remains.                                                        Rev. Dr. Mucker                          (in a funeral sermon over a British nobleman)     Cold pie is a detestable     American comestible.     That's why I'm done -- or undone --     So far from that dear London.                (from the headstone of a British nobleman in Kalamazoo) PIETY, n.  Reverence for the Supreme Being, based upon His supposed resemblance to man.     The pig is taught by sermons and epistles     To think the God of Swine has snout and bristles.                                                               Judibras PIG, n.  An animal (_Porcus omnivorus_) closely allied to the human race by the splendor and vivacity of its appetite, which, however, is inferior in scope, for it sticks at pig. PIGMY, n.  One of a tribe of very small men found by ancient travelers in many parts of the world, but by modern in Central Africa only.  The Pigmies are so called to distinguish them from the bulkier Caucasians -- who are Hogmies. PILGRIM, n.  A traveler that is taken seriously.  A Pilgrim Father was one who, leaving Europe in 1620 because not permitted to sing psalms through his nose, followed it to Massachusetts, where he could personate God according to the dictates of his conscience. PILLORY, n.  A mechanical device for inflicting personal distinction -- prototype of the modern newspaper conducted by persons of austere virtues and blameless lives. PIRACY, n.  Commerce without its folly-swaddles, just as God made it. PITIFUL, adj.  The state of an enemy of opponent after an imaginary encounter with oneself. PITY, n.  A failing sense of exemption, inspired by contrast. PLAGIARISM, n.  A literary coincidence compounded of a discreditable priority and an honorable subsequence. PLAGIARIZE, v.  To take the thought or style of another writer whom one has never, never read. PLAGUE, n.  In ancient times a general punishment of the innocent for admonition of their ruler, as in the familiar instance of Pharaoh the Immune.  The plague as we of to-day have the happiness to know it is merely Nature's fortuitous manifestation of her purposeless objectionableness. PLAN, v.t.  To bother about the best method of accomplishing an accidental result. PLATITUDE, n.  The fundamental element and special glory of popular literature. A thought that snores in words that smoke.  The wisdom of a million fools in the diction of a dullard.  A fossil sentiment in artificial rock.  A moral without the fable.  All that is mortal of a departed truth.  A demi-tasse of milk-and-mortality.  The Pope's-nose of a featherless peacock.  A jelly-fish withering on the shore of the sea of thought.  The cackle surviving the egg.  A desiccated epigram. PLATONIC, adj.  Pertaining to the philosophy of Socrates.  Platonic Love is a fool's name for the affection between a disability and a frost. PLAUDITS, n.  Coins with which the populace pays those who tickle and devour it. PLEASE, v.  To lay the foundation for a superstructure of imposition. PLEASURE, n.  The least hateful form of dejection. PLEBEIAN, n.  An ancient Roman who in the blood of his country stained nothing but his hands.  Distinguished from the Patrician, who was a saturated solution. PLEBISCITE, n.  A popular vote to ascertain the will of the sovereign. PLENIPOTENTIARY, adj.  Having full power.  A Minister Plenipotentiary is a diplomatist possessing absolute authority on condition that he never exert it. PLEONASM, n.  An army of words escorting a corporal of thought. PLOW, n.  An implement that cries aloud for hands accustomed to the pen. PLUNDER, v.  To take the property of another without observing the decent and customary reticences of theft.  To effect a change of ownership with the candid concomitance of a brass band.  To wrest the wealth of A from B and leave C lamenting a vanishing opportunity. POCKET, n.  The cradle of motive and the grave of conscience.  In woman this organ is lacking; so she acts without motive, and her conscience, denied burial, remains ever alive, confessing the sins of others. POETRY, n.  A form of expression peculiar to the Land beyond the Magazines. POKER, n.  A game said to be played with cards for some purpose to this lexicographer unknown. POLICE, n.  An armed force for protection and participation. POLITENESS, n.  The most acceptable hypocrisy. POLITICS, n.  A strife of interests masquerading as a contest of principles.  The conduct of public affairs for private advantage. POLITICIAN, n.  An eel in the fundamental mud upon which the superstructure of organized society is reared.  When we wriggles he mistakes the agitation of his tail for the trembling of the edifice. As compared with the statesman, he suffers the disadvantage of being alive. POLYGAMY, n.  A house of atonement, or expiatory chapel, fitted with several stools of repentance, as distinguished from monogamy, which has but one. POPULIST, n.  A fossil patriot of the early agricultural period, found in the old red soapstone underlying Kansas; characterized by an uncommon spread of ear, which some naturalists contend gave him the power of flight, though Professors Morse and Whitney, pursuing independent lines of thought, have ingeniously pointed out that had he possessed it he would have gone elsewhere.  In the picturesque speech of his period, some fragments of which have come down to us, he was known as "The Matter with Kansas." PORTABLE, adj.  Exposed to a mutable ownership through vicissitudes of possession.     His light estate, if neither he did make it     Nor yet its former guardian forsake it,     Is portable improperly, I take it.                                                         Worgum Slupsky PORTUGUESE, n.pl.  A species of geese indigenous to Portugal.  They are mostly without feathers and imperfectly edible, even when stuffed with garlic. POSITIVE, adj.  Mistaken at the top of one's voice. POSITIVISM, n.  A philosophy that denies our knowledge of the Real and affirms our ignorance of the Apparent.  Its longest exponent is Comte, its broadest Mill and its thickest Spencer. POSTERITY, n.  An appellate court which reverses the judgment of a popular author's contemporaries, the appellant being his obscure competitor. POTABLE, n.  Suitable for drinking.  Water is said to be potable; indeed, some declare it our natural beverage, although even they find it palatable only when suffering from the recurrent disorder known as thirst, for which it is a medicine.  Upon nothing has so great and diligent ingenuity been brought to bear in all ages and in all countries, except the most uncivilized, as upon the invention of substitutes for water.  To hold that this general aversion to that liquid has no basis in the preservative instinct of the race is to be unscientific -- and without science we are as the snakes and toads. POVERTY, n.  A file provided for the teeth of the rats of reform.  The number of plans for its abolition equals that of the reformers who suffer from it, plus that of the philosophers who know nothing about it.  Its victims are distinguished by possession of all the virtues and by their faith in leaders seeking to conduct them into a prosperity where they believe these to be unknown. PRAY, v.  To ask that the laws of the universe be annulled in behalf of a single petitioner confessedly unworthy. PRE-ADAMITE, n.  One of an experimental and apparently unsatisfactory race of antedated Creation and lived under conditions not easily conceived.  Melsius believed them to have inhabited "the Void" and to have been something intermediate between fishes and birds.  Little its known of them beyond the fact that they supplied Cain with a wife and theologians with a controversy. PRECEDENT, n.  In Law, a previous decision, rule or practice which, in the absence of a definite statute, has whatever force and authority a Judge may choose to give it, thereby greatly simplifying his task of doing as he pleases.  As there are precedents for everything, he has only to ignore those that make against his interest and accentuate those in the line of his desire.  Invention of the precedent elevates the trial-at-law from the low estate of a fortuitous ordeal to the noble attitude of a dirigible arbitrament. PRECIPITATE, adj.  Anteprandial.     Precipitate in all, this sinner     Took action first, and then his dinner.                                                               Judibras PRECEDENT, n.  In Law, a previous decision, rule or practice which, in the absence of a definite statute, has whatever force and authority a Judge may choose to give it, thereby greatly simplifying his task of doing as he pleases.  As there are precedents for everything, he has only to ignore those that make against his interest and accentuate those in the line of his desire.  Invention of the precedent elevates the trial-at-law from the low estate of a fortuitous ordeal to the noble attitude of a dirigible arbitrament. PRECIPITATE, adj.  Anteprandial.     Precipitate in all, this sinner     Took action first, and then his dinner.                                                               Judibras PREDESTINATION, n.  The doctrine that all things occur according to programme.  This doctrine should not be confused with that of foreordination, which means that all things are programmed, but does not affirm their occurrence, that being only an implication from other doctrines by which this is entailed.  The difference is great enough to have deluged Christendom with ink, to say nothing of the gore. With the distinction of the two doctrines kept well in mind, and a reverent belief in both, one may hope to escape perdition if spared. PREDICAMENT, n.  The wage of consistency. PREDILECTION, n.  The preparatory stage of disillusion. PRE-EXISTENCE, n.  An unnoted factor in creation. PREFERENCE, n.  A sentiment, or frame of mind, induced by the erroneous belief that one thing is better than another.     An ancient philosopher, expounding his conviction that life is no better than death, was asked by a disciple why, then, he did not die. "Because," he replied, "death is no better than life."     It is longer. PREHISTORIC, adj.  Belonging to an early period and a museum. Antedating the art and practice of perpetuating falsehood.     He lived in a period prehistoric,     When all was absurd and phantasmagoric.     Born later, when Clio, celestial recorded,     Set down great events in succession and order,     He surely had seen nothing droll or fortuitous     In anything here but the lies that she threw at us.                                                          Orpheus Bowen PREJUDICE, n.  A vagrant opinion without visible means of support. PRELATE, n.  A church officer having a superior degree of holiness and a fat preferment.  One of Heaven's aristocracy.  A gentleman of God. PREROGATIVE, n.  A sovereign's right to do wrong. PRESBYTERIAN, n.  One who holds the conviction that the government authorities of the Church should be called presbyters. PRESCRIPTION, n.  A physician's guess at what will best prolong the situation with least harm to the patient. PRESENT, n.  That part of eternity dividing the domain of disappointment from the realm of hope. PRESENTABLE, adj.  Hideously appareled after the manner of the time and place.     In Boorioboola-Gha a man is presentable on occasions of ceremony if he have his abdomen painted a bright blue and wear a cow's tail; in New York he may, if it please him, omit the paint, but after sunset he must wear two tails made of the wool of a sheep and dyed black. PRESIDE, v.  To guide the action of a deliberative body to a desirable result.  In Journalese, to perform upon a musical instrument; as, "He presided at the piccolo."     The Headliner, holding the copy in hand,         Read with a solemn face:     "The music was very uncommonly grand --             The best that was every provided,             For our townsman Brown presided         At the organ with skill and grace."     The Headliner discontinued to read,         And, spread the paper down     On the desk, he dashed in at the top of the screed:         "Great playing by President Brown."                                                          Orpheus Bowen PRESIDENCY, n.  The greased pig in the field game of American politics. PRESIDENT, n.  The leading figure in a small group of men of whom -- and of whom only -- it is positively known that immense numbers of their countrymen did not want any of them for President.     If that's an honor surely 'tis a greater     To have been a simple and undamned spectator.     Behold in me a man of mark and note     Whom no elector e'er denied a vote! --     An undiscredited, unhooted gent     Who might, for all we know, be President     By acclimation.  Cheer, ye varlets, cheer --     I'm passing with a wide and open ear!                                                         Jonathan Fomry PREVARICATOR, n.  A liar in the caterpillar estate. PRICE, n.  Value, plus a reasonable sum for the wear and tear of conscience in demanding it. PRIMATE, n.  The head of a church, especially a State church supported by involuntary contributions.  The Primate of England is the Archbishop of Canterbury, an amiable old gentleman, who occupies Lambeth Palace when living and Westminster Abbey when dead.  He is commonly dead. PRISON, n.  A place of punishments and rewards.  The poet assures us that --     "Stone walls do not a prison make," but a combination of the stone wall, the political parasite and the moral instructor is no garden of sweets. PRIVATE, n.  A military gentleman with a field-marshal's baton in his knapsack and an impediment in his hope. PROBOSCIS, n.  The rudimentary organ of an elephant which serves him in place of the knife-and-fork that Evolution has as yet denied him. For purposes of humor it is popularly called a trunk.     Asked how he knew that an elephant was going on a journey, the illustrious Jo. Miller cast a reproachful look upon his tormentor, and answered, absently:  "When it is ajar," and threw himself from a high promontory into the sea.  Thus perished in his pride the most famous humorist of antiquity, leaving to mankind a heritage of woe!  No successor worthy of the title has appeared, though Mr. Edward bok, of _The Ladies' Home Journal_, is much respected for the purity and sweetness of his personal character. PROJECTILE, n.  The final arbiter in international disputes.  Formerly these disputes were settled by physical contact of the disputants, with such simple arguments as the rudimentary logic of the times could supply -- the sword, the spear, and so forth.  With the growth of prudence in military affairs the projectile came more and more into favor, and is now held in high esteem by the most courageous.  Its capital defect is that it requires personal attendance at the point of propulsion. PROOF, n.  Evidence having a shade more of plausibility than of unlikelihood.  The testimony of two credible witnesses as opposed to that of only one. PROOF-READER, n.  A malefactor who atones for making your writing nonsense by permitting the compositor to make it unintelligible. PROPERTY, n.  Any material thing, having no particular value, that may be held by A against the cupidity of B.  Whatever gratifies the passion for possession in one and disappoints it in all others.  The object of man's brief rapacity and long indifference. PROPHECY, n.  The art and practice of selling one's credibility for future delivery. PROSPECT, n.  An outlook, usually forbidding.  An expectation, usually forbidden.     Blow, blow, ye spicy breezes --         O'er Ceylon blow your breath,     Where every prospect pleases,         Save only that of death.                                                          Bishop Sheber PROVIDENTIAL, adj.  Unexpectedly and conspicuously beneficial to the person so describing it. PRUDE, n.  A bawd hiding behind the back of her demeanor. PUBLISH, n.  In literary affairs, to become the fundamental element in a cone of critics. PUSH, n.  One of the two things mainly conducive to success, especially in politics.  The other is Pull. PYRRHONISM, n.  An ancient philosophy, named for its inventor.  It consisted of an absolute disbelief in everything but Pyrrhonism.  Its modern professors have added that.                                     Q   QUEEN, n.  A woman by whom the realm is ruled when there is a king, and through whom it is ruled when there is not. QUILL, n.  An implement of torture yielded by a goose and commonly wielded by an ass.  This use of the quill is now obsolete, but its modern equivalent, the steel pen, is wielded by the same everlasting Presence. QUIVER, n.  A portable sheath in which the ancient statesman and the aboriginal lawyer carried their lighter arguments.     He extracted from his quiver,         Did the controversial Roman,     An argument well fitted     To the question as submitted,     Then addressed it to the liver,         Of the unpersuaded foeman.                                                         Oglum P. Boomp QUIXOTIC, adj.  Absurdly chivalric, like Don Quixote.  An insight into the beauty and excellence of this incomparable adjective is unhappily denied to him who has the misfortune to know that the gentleman's name is pronounced Ke-ho-tay.     When ignorance from out of our lives can banish     Philology, 'tis folly to know Spanish.                                                             Juan Smith QUORUM, n.  A sufficient number of members of a deliberative body to have their own way and their own way of having it.  In the United States Senate a quorum consists of the chairman of the Committee on Finance and a messenger from the White House; in the House of Representatives, of the Speaker and the devil. QUOTATION, n.  The act of repeating erroneously the words of another. The words erroneously repeated.     Intent on making his quotation truer,     He sought the page infallible of Brewer,     Then made a solemn vow that we would be     Condemned eternally.  Ah, me, ah, me!                                                           Stumpo Gaker QUOTIENT, n.  A number showing how many times a sum of money belonging to one person is contained in the pocket of another -- usually about as many times as it can be got there.                                     R   RABBLE, n.  In a republic, those who exercise a supreme authority tempered by fraudulent elections.  The rabble is like the sacred Simurgh, of Arabian fable -- omnipotent on condition that it do nothing.  (The word is Aristocratese, and has no exact equivalent in our tongue, but means, as nearly as may be, "soaring swine.") RACK, n.  An argumentative implement formerly much used in persuading devotees of a false faith to embrace the living truth.  As a call to the unconverted the rack never had any particular efficacy, and is now held in light popular esteem. RANK, n.  Relative elevation in the scale of human worth.     He held at court a rank so high     That other noblemen asked why.     "Because," 'twas answered, "others lack     His skill to scratch the royal back."                                                           Aramis Jukes RANSOM, n.  The purchase of that which neither belongs to the seller, nor can belong to the buyer.  The most unprofitable of investments. RAPACITY, n.  Providence without industry.  The thrift of power. RAREBIT, n.  A Welsh rabbit, in the speech of the humorless, who point out that it is not a rabbit.  To whom it may be solemnly explained that the comestible known as toad-in-a-hole is really not a toad, and that _riz-de-veau a la financiere_ is not the smile of a calf prepared after the recipe of a she banker. RASCAL, n.  A fool considered under another aspect. RASCALITY, n.  Stupidity militant.  The activity of a clouded intellect. RASH, adj.  Insensible to the value of our advice.     "Now lay your bet with mine, nor let         These gamblers take your cash."     "Nay, this child makes no bet."  "Great snakes!         How can you be so rash?"                                                         Bootle P. Gish RATIONAL, adj.  Devoid of all delusions save those of observation, experience and reflection. RATTLESNAKE, n.  Our prostrate brother, _Homo ventrambulans_. RAZOR, n.  An instrument used by the Caucasian to enhance his beauty, by the Mongolian to make a guy of himself, and by the Afro-American to affirm his worth. REACH, n.  The radius of action of the human hand.  The area within which it is possible (and customary) to gratify directly the propensity to provide.     This is a truth, as old as the hills,         That life and experience teach:     The poor man suffers that keenest of ills,         An impediment of his reach.                                                                   G.J. READING, n.  The general body of what one reads.  In our country it consists, as a rule, of Indiana novels, short stories in "dialect" and humor in slang.     We know by one's reading     His learning and breeding;     By what draws his laughter     We know his Hereafter.     Read nothing, laugh never --     The Sphinx was less clever!                                                           Jupiter Muke RADICALISM, n.  The conservatism of to-morrow injected into the affairs of to-day. RADIUM, n.  A mineral that gives off heat and stimulates the organ that a scientist is a fool with. RAILROAD, n.  The chief of many mechanical devices enabling us to get away from where we are to wher we are no better off.  For this purpose the railroad is held in highest favor by the optimist, for it permits him to make the transit with great expedition. RAMSHACKLE, adj.  Pertaining to a certain order of architecture, otherwise known as the Normal American.  Most of the public buildings of the United States are of the Ramshackle order, though some of our earlier architects preferred the Ironic.  Recent additions to the White House in Washington are Theo-Doric, the ecclesiastic order of the Dorians.  They are exceedingly fine and cost one hundred dollars a brick. REALISM, n.  The art of depicting nature as it is seem by toads.  The charm suffusing a landscape painted by a mole, or a story written by a measuring-worm. REALITY, n.  The dream of a mad philosopher.  That which would remain in the cupel if one should assay a phantom.  The nucleus of a vacuum. REALLY, adv.  Apparently. REAR, n.  In American military matters, that exposed part of the army that is nearest to Congress. REASON, v.i.  To weight probabilities in the scales of desire. REASON, n.  Propensitate of prejudice. REASONABLE, adj.  Accessible to the infection of our own opinions. Hospitable to persuasion, dissuasion and evasion. REBEL, n.  A proponent of a new misrule who has failed to establish it. RECOLLECT, v.  To recall with additions something not previously known. RECONCILIATION, n.  A suspension of hostilities.  An armed truce for the purpose of digging up the dead. RECONSIDER, v.  To seek a justification for a decision already made. RECOUNT, n.  In American politics, another throw of the dice, accorded to the player against whom they are loaded. RECREATION, n.  A particular kind of dejection to relieve a general fatigue. RECRUIT, n.  A person distinguishable from a civilian by his uniform and from a soldier by his gait.     Fresh from the farm or factory or street,     His marching, in pursuit or in retreat,         Were an impressive martial spectacle     Except for two impediments -- his feet.                                                       Thompson Johnson RECTOR, n.  In the Church of England, the Third Person of the parochial Trinity, the Cruate and the Vicar being the other two. REDEMPTION, n.  Deliverance of sinners from the penalty of their sin, through their murder of the deity against whom they sinned.  The doctrine of Redemption is the fundamental mystery of our holy religion, and whoso believeth in it shall not perish, but have everlasting life in which to try to understand it.     We must awake Man's spirit from his sin,         And take some special measure for redeeming it;     Though hard indeed the task to get it in         Among the angels any way but teaming it,         Or purify it otherwise than steaming it.     I'm awkward at Redemption -- a beginner:     My method is to crucify the sinner.                                                            Golgo Brone REDRESS, n.  Reparation without satisfaction.     Among the Anglo-Saxon a subject conceiving himself wronged by the king was permitted, on proving his injury, to beat a brazen image of the royal offender with a switch that was afterward applied to his own naked back.  The latter rite was performed by the public hangman, and it assured moderation in the plaintiff's choice of a switch. RED-SKIN, n.  A North American Indian, whose skin is not red -- at least not on the outside. REDUNDANT, adj.  Superfluous; needless; _de trop_.     The Sultan said:  "There's evidence abundant     To prove this unbelieving dog redundant."     To whom the Grand Vizier, with mien impressive,     Replied:  "His head, at least, appears excessive."                                                        Habeeb Suleiman     Mr. Debs is a redundant citizen.                                                     Theodore Roosevelt REFERENDUM, n.  A law for submission of proposed legislation to a popular vote to learn the nonsensus of public opinion. REFLECTION, n.  An action of the mind whereby we obtain a clearer view of our relation to the things of yesterday and are able to avoid the perils that we shall not again encounter. REFORM, v.  A thing that mostly satisfies reformers opposed to reformation. REFUGE, n.  Anything assuring protection to one in peril.  Moses and Joshua provided six cities of refuge -- Bezer, Golan, Ramoth, Kadesh, Schekem and Hebron -- to which one who had taken life inadvertently could flee when hunted by relatives of the deceased.  This admirable expedient supplied him with wholesome exercise and enabled them to enjoy the pleasures of the chase; whereby the soul of the dead man was appropriately honored by observations akin to the funeral games of early Greece. REFUSAL, n.  Denial of something desired; as an elderly maiden's hand in marriage, to a rich and handsome suitor; a valuable franchise to a rich corporation, by an alderman; absolution to an impenitent king, by a priest, and so forth.  Refusals are graded in a descending scale of finality thus:  the refusal absolute, the refusal condition, the refusal tentative and the refusal feminine.  The last is called by some casuists the refusal assentive. REGALIA, n.  Distinguishing insignia, jewels and costume of such ancient and honorable orders as Knights of Adam; Visionaries of Detectable Bosh; the Ancient Order of Modern Troglodytes; the League of Holy Humbug; the Golden Phalanx of Phalangers; the Genteel Society of Expurgated Hoodlums; the Mystic Alliances of Georgeous Regalians; Knights and Ladies of the Yellow Dog; the Oriental Order of Sons of the West; the Blatherhood of Insufferable Stuff; Warriors of the Long Bow; Guardians of the Great Horn Spoon; the Band of Brutes; the Impenitent Order of Wife-Beaters; the Sublime Legion of Flamboyant Conspicuants; Worshipers at the Electroplated Shrine; Shining Inaccessibles; Fee-Faw-Fummers of the inimitable Grip; Jannissaries of the Broad-Blown Peacock; Plumed Increscencies of the Magic Temple; the Grand Cabal of Able-Bodied Sedentarians; Associated Deities of the Butter Trade; the Garden of Galoots; the Affectionate Fraternity of Men Similarly Warted; the Flashing Astonishers; Ladies of Horror; Cooperative Association for Breaking into the Spotlight; Dukes of Eden; Disciples Militant of the Hidden Faith; Knights-Champions of the Domestic Dog; the Holy Gregarians; the Resolute Optimists; the Ancient Sodality of Inhospitable Hogs; Associated Sovereigns of Mendacity; Dukes-Guardian of the Mystic Cess-Pool; the Society for Prevention of Prevalence; Kings of Drink; Polite Federation of Gents-Consequential; the Mysterious Order of the Undecipherable Scroll; Uniformed Rank of Lousy Cats; Monarchs of Worth and Hunger; Sons of the South Star; Prelates of the Tub-and-Sword. RELIGION, n.  A daughter of Hope and Fear, explaining to Ignorance the nature of the Unknowable.     "What is your religion my son?" inquired the Archbishop of Rheims.     "Pardon, monseigneur," replied Rochebriant; "I am ashamed of it."     "Then why do you not become an atheist?"     "Impossible!  I should be ashamed of atheism."     "In that case, monsieur, you should join the Protestants." RELIQUARY, n.  A receptacle for such sacred objects as pieces of the true cross, short-ribs of the saints, the ears of Balaam's ass, the lung of the cock that called Peter to repentance and so forth. Reliquaries are commonly of metal, and provided with a lock to prevent the contents from coming out and performing miracles at unseasonable times.  A feather from the wing of the Angel of the Annunciation once escaped during a sermon in Saint Peter's and so tickled the noses of the congregation that they woke and sneezed with great vehemence three times each.  It is related in the "Gesta Sanctorum" that a sacristan in the Canterbury cathedral surprised the head of Saint Dennis in the library.  Reprimanded by its stern custodian, it explained that it was seeking a body of doctrine.  This unseemly levity so raged the diocesan that the offender was publicly anathematized, thrown into the Stour and replaced by another head of Saint Dennis, brought from Rome. RENOWN, n.  A degree of distinction between notoriety and fame -- a little more supportable than the one and a little more intolerable than the other.  Sometimes it is conferred by an unfriendly and inconsiderate hand.     I touched the harp in every key,         But found no heeding ear;     And then Ithuriel touched me         With a revealing spear.     Not all my genius, great as 'tis,         Could urge me out of night.     I felt the faint appulse of his,         And leapt into the light!                                                         W.J. Candleton REPARATION, n.  Satisfaction that is made for a wrong and deducted from the satisfaction felt in committing it. REPARTEE, n.  Prudent insult in retort.  Practiced by gentlemen with a constitutional aversion to violence, but a strong disposition to offend.  In a war of words, the tactics of the North American Indian. REPENTANCE, n.  The faithful attendant and follower of Punishment.  It is usually manifest in a degree of reformation that is not inconsistent with continuity of sin.     Desirous to avoid the pains of Hell,     You will repent and join the Church, Parnell?     How needless! -- Nick will keep you off the coals     And add you to the woes of other souls.                                                          Jomater Abemy REPLICA, n.  A reproduction of a work of art, by the artist that made the original.  It is so called to distinguish it from a "copy," which is made by another artist.  When the two are mae with equal skill the replica is the more valuable, for it is supposed to be more beautiful than it looks. REPORTER, n.  A writer who guesses his way to the truth and dispels it with a tempest of words.     "More dear than all my bosom knows, O thou     Whose 'lips are sealed' and will not disavow!"     So sang the blithe reporter-man as grew     Beneath his hand the leg-long "interview."                                                           Barson Maith REPOSE, v.i.  To cease from troubling. REPRESENTATIVE, n.  In national politics, a member of the Lower House in this world, and without discernible hope of promotion in the next. REPROBATION, n.  In theology, the state of a luckless mortal prenatally damned.  The doctrine of reprobation was taught by Calvin, whose joy in it was somewhat marred by the sad sincerity of his conviction that although some are foredoomed to perdition, others are predestined to salvation. REPUBLIC, n.  A nation in which, the thing governing and the thing governed being the same, there is only a permitted authority to enforce an optional obedience.  In a republic, the foundation of public order is the ever lessening habit of submission inherited from ancestors who, being truly governed, submitted because they had to. There are as many kinds of republics as there are graduations between the despotism whence they came and the anarchy whither they lead. REQUIEM, n.  A mass for the dead which the minor poets assure us the winds sing o'er the graves of their favorites.  Sometimes, by way of providing a varied entertainment, they sing a dirge. RESIDENT, adj.  Unable to leave. RESIGN, v.t.  To renounce an honor for an advantage.  To renounce an advantage for a greater advantage.     'Twas rumored Leonard Wood had signed         A true renunciation     Of title, rank and every kind         Of military station --         Each honorable station.     By his example fired -- inclined         To noble emulation,     The country humbly was resigned         To Leonard's resignation --         His Christian resignation.                                                        Politian Greame RESOLUTE, adj.  Obstinate in a course that we approve. RESPECTABILITY, n.  The offspring of a _liaison_ between a bald head and a bank account. RESPIRATOR, n.  An apparatus fitted over the nose and mouth of an inhabitant of London, whereby to filter the visible universe in its passage to the lungs. RESPITE, n.  A suspension of hostilities against a sentenced assassin, to enable the Executive to determine whether the murder may not have been done by the prosecuting attorney.  Any break in the continuity of a disagreeable expectation.     Altgeld upon his incandescend bed     Lay, an attendant demon at his head.     "O cruel cook, pray grant me some relief --     Some respite from the roast, however brief."     "Remember how on earth I pardoned all     Your friends in Illinois when held in thrall."     "Unhappy soul! for that alone you squirm     O'er fire unquenched, a never-dying worm.     "Yet, for I pity your uneasy state,     Your doom I'll mollify and pains abate.     "Naught, for a season, shall your comfort mar,     Not even the memory of who you are."     Throughout eternal space dread silence fell;     Heaven trembled as Compassion entered Hell.     "As long, sweet demon, let my respite be     As, governing down here, I'd respite thee."     "As long, poor soul, as any of the pack     You thrust from jail consumed in getting back."     A genial chill affected Altgeld's hide     While they were turning him on t'other side.                                                        Joel Spate Woop RESPLENDENT, adj.  Like a simple American citizen beduking himself in his lodge, or affirming his consequence in the Scheme of Things as an elemental unit of a parade.         The Knights of Dominion were so resplendent in their velvet-     and-gold that their masters would hardly have known them.                                            "Chronicles of the Classes" RESPOND, v.i.  To make answer, or disclose otherwise a consciousness of having inspired an interest in what Herbert Spencer calls "external coexistences," as Satan "squat like a toad" at the ear of Eve, responded to the touch of the angel's spear.  To respond in damages is to contribute to the maintenance of the plaintiff's attorney and, incidentally, to the gratification of the plaintiff. RESPONSIBILITY, n.  A detachable burden easily shifted to the shoulders of God, Fate, Fortune, Luck or one's neighbor.  In the days of astrology it was customary to unload it upon a star.     Alas, things ain't what we should see     If Eve had let that apple be;     And many a feller which had ought     To set with monarchses of thought,     Or play some rosy little game     With battle-chaps on fields of fame,     Is downed by his unlucky star     And hollers:  "Peanuts! -- here you are!"                                                    "The Sturdy Beggar" RESTITUTIONS, n.  The founding or endowing of universities and public libraries by gift or bequest. RESTITUTOR, n.  Benefactor; philanthropist. RETALIATION, n.  The natural rock upon which is reared the Temple of Law. RETRIBUTION, n.  A rain of fire-and-brimstone that falls alike upon the just and such of the unjust as have not procured shelter by evicting them.     In the lines following, addressed to an Emperor in exile by Father Gassalasca Jape, the reverend poet appears to hint his sense of the improduence of turning about to face Retribution when it is talking exercise:     What, what! Dom Pedro, you desire to go         Back to Brazil to end your days in quiet?     Why, what assurance have you 'twould be so?         'Tis not so long since you were in a riot,         And your dear subjects showed a will to fly at     Your throat and shake you like a rat.  You know     That empires are ungrateful; are you certain     Republics are less handy to get hurt in? REVEILLE, n.  A signal to sleeping soldiers to dream of battlefields no more, but get up and have their blue noses counted.  In the American army it is ingeniously called "rev-e-lee," and to that pronunciation our countrymen have pledged their lives, their misfortunes and their sacred dishonor. REVELATION, n.  A famous book in which St. John the Divine concealed all that he knew.  The revealing is done by the commentators, who know nothing. REVERENCE, n.  The spiritual attitude of a man to a god and a dog to a man. REVIEW, v.t.     To set your wisdom (holding not a doubt of it,         Although in truth there's neither bone nor skin to it)     At work upon a book, and so read out of it         The qualities that you have first read into it. REVOLUTION, n.  In politics, an abrupt change in the form of misgovernment.  Specifically, in American history, the substitution of the rule of an Administration for that of a Ministry, whereby the welfare and happiness of the people were advanced a full half-inch. Revolutions are usually accompanied by a considerable effusion of blood, but are accounted worth it -- this appraisement being made by beneficiaries whose blood had not the mischance to be shed.  The French revolution is of incalculable value to the Socialist of to-day; when he pulls the string actuating its bones its gestures are inexpressibly terrifying to gory tyrants suspected of fomenting law and order. RHADOMANCER, n.  One who uses a divining-rod in prospecting for precious metals in the pocket of a fool. RIBALDRY, n.  Censorious language by another concerning oneself. RIBROASTER, n.  Censorious language by oneself concerning another. The word is of classical refinement, and is even said to have been used in a fable by Georgius Coadjutor, one of the most fastidious writers of the fifteenth century -- commonly, indeed, regarded as the founder of the Fastidiotic School. RICE-WATER, n.  A mystic beverage secretly used by our most popular novelists and poets to regulate the imagination and narcotize the conscience.  It is said to be rich in both obtundite and lethargine, and is brewed in a midnight fog by a fat which of the Dismal Swamp. RICH, adj.  Holding in trust and subject to an accounting the property of the indolent, the incompetent, the unthrifty, the envious and the luckless.  That is the view that prevails in the underworld, where the Brotherhood of Man finds its most logical development and candid advocacy.  To denizens of the midworld the word means good and wise. RICHES, n.         A gift from Heaven signifying, "This is my beloved son, in     whom I am well pleased."                                                    John D. Rockefeller         The reward of toil and virtue.                                                            J.P. Morgan         The sayings of many in the hands of one.                                                            Eugene Debs     To these excellent definitions the inspired lexicographer feels that he can add nothing of value. RIDICULE, n.  Words designed to show that the person of whom they are uttered is devoid of the dignity of character distinguishing him who utters them.  It may be graphic, mimetic or merely rident. Shaftesbury is quoted as having pronounced it the test of truth -- a ridiculous assertion, for many a solemn fallacy has undergone centuries of ridicule with no abatement of its popular acceptance. What, for example, has been more valorously derided than the doctrine of Infant Respectability? RIGHT, n.  Legitimate authority to be, to do or to have; as the right to be a king, the right to do one's neighbor, the right to have measles, and the like.  The first of these rights was once universally believed to be derived directly from the will of God; and this is still sometimes affirmed _in partibus infidelium_ outside the enlightened realms of Democracy; as the well known lines of Sir Abednego Bink, following:         By what right, then, do royal rulers rule?             Whose is the sanction of their state and pow'r?         He surely were as stubborn as a mule             Who, God unwilling, could maintain an hour     His uninvited session on the throne, or air     His pride securely in the Presidential chair.         Whatever is is so by Right Divine;             Whate'er occurs, God wills it so.  Good land!         It were a wondrous thing if His design             A fool could baffle or a rogue withstand!     If so, then God, I say (intending no offence)     Is guilty of contributory negligence. RIGHTEOUSNESS, n.  A sturdy virtue that was once found among the Pantidoodles inhabiting the lower part of the peninsula of Oque.  Some feeble attempts were made by returned missionaries to introduce it into several European countries, but it appears to have been imperfectly expounded.  An example of this faulty exposition is found in the only extant sermon of the pious Bishop Rowley, a characteristic passage from which is here given:         "Now righteousness consisteth not merely in a holy state of     mind, nor yet in performance of religious rites and obedience to     the letter of the law.  It is not enough that one be pious and     just:  one must see to it that others also are in the same state;     and to this end compulsion is a proper means.  Forasmuch as my     injustice may work ill to another, so by his injustice may evil be     wrought upon still another, the which it is as manifestly my duty     to estop as to forestall mine own tort.  Wherefore if I would be     righteous I am bound to restrain my neighbor, by force if needful,     in all those injurious enterprises from which, through a better     disposition and by the help of Heaven, I do myself restrain." RIME, n.  Agreeing sounds in the terminals of verse, mostly bad.  The verses themselves, as distinguished from prose, mostly dull.  Usually (and wickedly) spelled "rhyme." RIMER, n.  A poet regarded with indifference or disesteem.     The rimer quenches his unheeded fires,     The sound surceases and the sense expires.     Then the domestic dog, to east and west,     Expounds the passions burning in his breast.     The rising moon o'er that enchanted land     Pauses to hear and yearns to understand.                                                          Mowbray Myles RIOT, n.  A popular entertainment given to the military by innocent bystanders. R.I.P.  A careless abbreviation of _requiescat in pace_, attesting to indolent goodwill to the dead.  According to the learned Dr. Drigge, however, the letters originally meant nothing more than _reductus in pulvis_. RITE, n.  A religious or semi-religious ceremony fixed by law, precept or custom, with the essential oil of sincerity carefully squeezed out of it. RITUALISM, n.  A Dutch Garden of God where He may walk in rectilinear freedom, keeping off the grass. ROAD, n.  A strip of land along which one may pass from where it is too tiresome to be to where it is futile to go.     All roads, howsoe'er they diverge, lead to Rome,     Whence, thank the good Lord, at least one leads back home.                                                         Borey the Bald ROBBER, n.  A candid man of affairs.     It is related of Voltaire that one night he and some traveling companion lodged at a wayside inn.  The surroundings were suggestive, and after supper they agreed to tell robber stories in turn.  "Once there was a Farmer-General of the Revenues."  Saying nothing more, he was encouraged to continue.  "That," he said, "is the story." ROMANCE, n.  Fiction that owes no allegiance to the God of Things as They Are.  In the novel the writer's thought is tethered to probability, as a domestic horse to the hitching-post, but in romance it ranges at will over the entire region of the imagination -- free, lawless, immune to bit and rein.  Your novelist is a poor creature, as Carlyle might say -- a mere reporter.  He may invent his characters and plot, but he must not imagine anything taking place that might not occur, albeit his entire narrative is candidly a lie.  Why he imposes this hard condition on himself, and "drags at each remove a lengthening chain" of his own forging he can explain in ten thick volumes without illuminating by so much as a candle's ray the black profound of his own ignorance of the matter.  There are great novels, for great writers have "laid waste their powers" to write them, but it remains true that far and away the most fascinating fiction that we have is "The Thousand and One Nights." ROPE, n.  An obsolescent appliance for reminding assassins that they too are mortal.  It is put about the neck and remains in place one's whole life long.  It has been largely superseded by a more complex electrical device worn upon another part of the person; and this is rapidly giving place to an apparatus known as the preachment. ROSTRUM, n.  In Latin, the beak of a bird or the prow of a ship.  In America, a place from which a candidate for office energetically expounds the wisdom, virtue and power of the rabble. ROUNDHEAD, n.  A member of the Parliamentarian party in the English civil war -- so called from his habit of wearing his hair short, whereas his enemy, the Cavalier, wore his long.  There were other points of difference between them, but the fashion in hair was the fundamental cause of quarrel.  The Cavaliers were royalists because the king, an indolent fellow, found it more convenient to let his hair grow than to wash his neck.  This the Roundheads, who were mostly barbers and soap-boilers, deemed an injury to trade, and the royal neck was therefore the object of their particular indignation. Descendants of the belligerents now wear their hair all alike, but the fires of animosity enkindled in that ancient strife smoulder to this day beneath the snows of British civility. RUBBISH, n.  Worthless matter, such as the religions, philosophies, literatures, arts and sciences of the tribes infesting the regions lying due south from Boreaplas. RUIN, v.  To destroy.  Specifically, to destroy a maid's belief in the virtue of maids. RUM, n.  Generically, fiery liquors that produce madness in total abstainers. RUMOR, n.  A favorite weapon of the assassins of character.     Sharp, irresistible by mail or shield,         By guard unparried as by flight unstayed,     O serviceable Rumor, let me wield         Against my enemy no other blade.     His be the terror of a foe unseen,         His the inutile hand upon the hilt,     And mine the deadly tongue, long, slender, keen,         Hinting a rumor of some ancient guilt.     So shall I slay the wretch without a blow,     Spare me to celebrate his overthrow,     And nurse my valor for another foe.                                                            Joel Buxter RUSSIAN, n.  A person with a Caucasian body and a Mongolian soul.  A Tartar Emetic.                                     S   SABBATH, n.  A weekly festival having its origin in the fact that God made the world in six days and was arrested on the seventh.  Among the Jews observance of the day was enforced by a Commandment of which this is the Christian version:  "Remember the seventh day to make thy neighbor keep it wholly."  To the Creator it seemed fit and expedient that the Sabbath should be the last day of the week, but the Early Fathers of the Church held other views.  So great is the sanctity of the day that even where the Lord holds a doubtful and precarious jurisdiction over those who go down to (and down into) the sea it is reverently recognized, as is manifest in the following deep-water version of the Fourth Commandment:     Six days shalt thou labor and do all thou art able,     And on the seventh holystone the deck and scrape the cable.     Decks are no longer holystoned, but the cable still supplies the captain with opportunity to attest a pious respect for the divine ordinance. SACERDOTALIST, n.  One who holds the belief that a clergyman is a priest.  Denial of this momentous doctrine is the hardest challenge that is now flung into the teeth of the Episcopalian church by the Neo-Dictionarians. SACRAMENT, n.  A solemn religious ceremony to which several degrees of authority and significance are attached.  Rome has seven sacraments, but the Protestant churches, being less prosperous, feel that they can afford only two, and these of inferior sanctity.  Some of the smaller sects have no sacraments at all -- for which mean economy they will indubitable be damned. SACRED, adj.  Dedicated to some religious purpose; having a divine character; inspiring solemn thoughts or emotions; as, the Dalai Lama of Thibet; the Moogum of M'bwango; the temple of Apes in Ceylon; the Cow in India; the Crocodile, the Cat and the Onion of ancient Egypt; the Mufti of Moosh; the hair of the dog that bit Noah, etc.     All things are either sacred or profane.     The former to ecclesiasts bring gain;     The latter to the devil appertain.                                                        Dumbo Omohundro SANDLOTTER, n.  A vertebrate mammal holding the political views of Denis Kearney, a notorious demagogue of San Francisco, whose audiences gathered in the open spaces (sandlots) of the town.  True to the traditions of his species, this leader of the proletariat was finally bought off by his law-and-order enemies, living prosperously silent and dying impenitently rich.  But before his treason he imposed upon California a constitution that was a confection of sin in a diction of solecisms.  The similarity between the words "sandlotter" and "sansculotte" is problematically significant, but indubitably suggestive. SAFETY-CLUTCH, n.  A mechanical device acting automatically to prevent the fall of an elevator, or cage, in case of an accident to the hoisting apparatus.     Once I seen a human ruin         In an elevator-well,     And his members was bestrewin'         All the place where he had fell.     And I says, apostrophisin'         That uncommon woful wreck:     "Your position's so surprisin'         That I tremble for your neck!"     Then that ruin, smilin' sadly         And impressive, up and spoke:     "Well, I wouldn't tremble badly,         For it's been a fortnight broke."     Then, for further comprehension         Of his attitude, he begs     I will focus my attention         On his various arms and legs --     How they all are contumacious;         Where they each, respective, lie;     How one trotter proves ungracious,         T'other one an _alibi_.     These particulars is mentioned         For to show his dismal state,     Which I wasn't first intentioned         To specifical relate.     None is worser to be dreaded         That I ever have heard tell     Than the gent's who there was spreaded         In that elevator-well.     Now this tale is allegoric --         It is figurative all,     For the well is metaphoric         And the feller didn't fall.     I opine it isn't moral         For a writer-man to cheat,     And despise to wear a laurel         As was gotten by deceit.     For 'tis Politics intended         By the elevator, mind,     It will boost a person splendid         If his talent is the kind.     Col. Bryan had the talent         (For the busted man is him)     And it shot him up right gallant         Till his head begun to swim.     Then the rope it broke above him         And he painful come to earth     Where there's nobody to love him         For his detrimented worth.     Though he's livin' none would know him,         Or at leastwise not as such.     Moral of this woful poem:         Frequent oil your safety-clutch.                                                            Porfer Poog SAINT, n.  A dead sinner revised and edited.     The Duchess of Orleans relates that the irreverent old calumniator, Marshal Villeroi, who in his youth had known St. Francis de Sales, said, on hearing him called saint:  "I am delighted to hear that Monsieur de Sales is a saint.  He was fond of saying indelicate things, and used to cheat at cards.  In other respects he was a perfect gentleman, though a fool." SALACITY, n.  A certain literary quality frequently observed in popular novels, especially in those written by women and young girls, who give it another name and think that in introducing it they are occupying a neglected field of letters and reaping an overlooked harvest.  If they have the misfortune to live long enough they are tormented with a desire to burn their sheaves. SALAMANDER, n.  Originally a reptile inhabiting fire; later, an anthropomorphous immortal, but still a pyrophile.  Salamanders are now believed to be extinct, the last one of which we have an account having been seen in Carcassonne by the Abbe Belloc, who exorcised it with a bucket of holy water. SARCOPHAGUS, n.  Among the Greeks a coffin which being made of a certain kind of carnivorous stone, had the peculiar property of devouring the body placed in it.  The sarcophagus known to modern obsequiographers is commonly a product of the carpenter's art. SATAN, n.  One of the Creator's lamentable mistakes, repented in sashcloth and axes.  Being instated as an archangel, Satan made himself multifariously objectionable and was finally expelled from Heaven.  Halfway in his descent he paused, bent his head in thought a moment and at last went back.  "There is one favor that I should like to ask," said he.     "Name it."     "Man, I understand, is about to be created.  He will need laws."     "What, wretch! you his appointed adversary, charged from the dawn of eternity with hatred of his soul -- you ask for the right to make his laws?"     "Pardon; what I have to ask is that he be permitted to make them himself."     It was so ordered. SATIETY, n.  The feeling that one has for the plate after he has eaten its contents, madam. SATIRE, n.  An obsolete kind of literary composition in which the vices and follies of the author's enemies were expounded with imperfect tenderness.  In this country satire never had more than a sickly and uncertain existence, for the soul of it is wit, wherein we are dolefully deficient, the humor that we mistake for it, like all humor, being tolerant and sympathetic.  Moreover, although Americans are "endowed by their Creator" with abundant vice and folly, it is not generally known that these are reprehensible qualities, wherefore the satirist is popularly regarded as a soul-spirited knave, and his ever victim's outcry for codefendants evokes a national assent.     Hail Satire! be thy praises ever sung     In the dead language of a mummy's tongue,     For thou thyself art dead, and damned as well --     Thy spirit (usefully employed) in Hell.     Had it been such as consecrates the Bible     Thou hadst not perished by the law of libel.                                                           Barney Stims SATYR, n.  One of the few characters of the Grecian mythology accorded recognition in the Hebrew.  (Leviticus, xvii, 7.)  The satyr was at first a member of the dissolute community acknowledging a loose allegiance with Dionysius, but underwent many transformations and improvements.  Not infrequently he is confounded with the faun, a later and decenter creation of the Romans, who was less like a man and more like a goat. SAUCE, n.  The one infallible sign of civilization and enlightenment. A people with no sauces has one thousand vices; a people with one sauce has only nine hundred and ninety-nine.  For every sauce invented and accepted a vice is renounced and forgiven. SAW, n.  A trite popular saying, or proverb.  (Figurative and colloquial.)  So called because it makes its way into a wooden head. Following are examples of old saws fitted with new teeth.         A penny saved is a penny to squander.         A man is known by the company that he organizes.         A bad workman quarrels with the man who calls him that.         A bird in the hand is worth what it will bring.         Better late than before anybody has invited you.         Example is better than following it.         Half a loaf is better than a whole one if there is much else.         Think twice before you speak to a friend in need.         What is worth doing is worth the trouble of asking somebody to     do it.         Least said is soonest disavowed.         He laughs best who laughs least.         Speak of the Devil and he will hear about it.         Of two evils choose to be the least.         Strike while your employer has a big contract.         Where there's a will there's a won't. SCARABAEUS, n.  The sacred beetle of the ancient Egyptians, allied to our familiar "tumble-bug."  It was supposed to symbolize immortality, the fact that God knew why giving it its peculiar sanctity.  Its habit of incubating its eggs in a ball of ordure may also have commended it to the favor of the priesthood, and may some day assure it an equal reverence among ourselves.  True, the American beetle is an inferior beetle, but the American priest is an inferior priest. SCARABEE, n.  The same as scarabaeus.                 He fell by his own hand                     Beneath the great oak tree.                 He'd traveled in a foreign land.                 He tried to make her understand                 The dance that's called the Saraband,                     But he called it Scarabee.     He had called it so through an afternoon,         And she, the light of his harem if so might be,         Had smiled and said naught.  O the body was fair to see,     All frosted there in the shine o' the moon --                         Dead for a Scarabee     And a recollection that came too late.                             O Fate!                     They buried him where he lay,                     He sleeps awaiting the Day,                             In state,     And two Possible Puns, moon-eyed and wan,     Gloom over the grave and then move on.                         Dead for a Scarabee!                                                        Fernando Tapple SCARIFICATION, n.  A form of penance practised by the mediaeval pious. The rite was performed, sometimes with a knife, sometimes with a hot iron, but always, says Arsenius Asceticus, acceptably if the penitent spared himself no pain nor harmless disfigurement.  Scarification, with other crude penances, has now been superseded by benefaction. The founding of a library or endowment of a university is said to yield to the penitent a sharper and more lasting pain than is conferred by the knife or iron, and is therefore a surer means of grace.  There are, however, two grave objections to it as a penitential method:  the good that it does and the taint of justice. SCEPTER, n.  A king's staff of office, the sign and symbol of his authority.  It was originally a mace with which the sovereign admonished his jester and vetoed ministerial measures by breaking the bones of their proponents. SCIMETAR, n.  A curved sword of exceeding keenness, in the conduct of which certain Orientals attain a surprising proficiency, as the incident here related will serve to show.  The account is translated from the Japanese by Shusi Itama, a famous writer of the thirteenth century.         When the great Gichi-Kuktai was Mikado he condemned to     decapitation Jijiji Ri, a high officer of the Court.  Soon after     the hour appointed for performance of the rite what was his     Majesty's surprise to see calmly approaching the throne the man     who should have been at that time ten minutes dead!         "Seventeen hundred impossible dragons!" shouted the enraged     monarch.  "Did I not sentence you to stand in the market-place and     have your head struck off by the public executioner at three     o'clock?  And is it not now 3:10?"         "Son of a thousand illustrious deities," answered the     condemned minister, "all that you say is so true that the truth is     a lie in comparison.  But your heavenly Majesty's sunny and     vitalizing wishes have been pestilently disregarded.  With joy I     ran and placed my unworthy body in the market-place.  The     executioner appeared with his bare scimetar, ostentatiously     whirled it in air, and then, tapping me lightly upon the neck,     strode away, pelted by the populace, with whom I was ever a     favorite.  I am come to pray for justice upon his own dishonorable     and treasonous head."         "To what regiment of executioners does the black-boweled     caitiff belong?" asked the Mikado.         "To the gallant Ninety-eight Hundred and Thirty-seventh -- I     know the man.  His name is Sakko-Samshi."         "Let him be brought before me," said the Mikado to an     attendant, and a half-hour later the culprit stood in the     Presence.         "Thou bastard son of a three-legged hunchback without thumbs!"     roared the sovereign -- "why didst thou but lightly tap the neck     that it should have been thy pleasure to sever?"         "Lord of Cranes of Cherry Blooms," replied the executioner,     unmoved, "command him to blow his nose with his fingers."         Being commanded, Jijiji Ri laid hold of his nose and trumpeted     like an elephant, all expecting to see the severed head flung     violently from him.  Nothing occurred:  the performance prospered     peacefully to the close, without incident.         All eyes were now turned on the executioner, who had grown as     white as the snows on the summit of Fujiama.  His legs trembled     and his breath came in gasps of terror.         "Several kinds of spike-tailed brass lions!" he cried; "I am a     ruined and disgraced swordsman!  I struck the villain feebly     because in flourishing the scimetar I had accidentally passed it     through my own neck!  Father of the Moon, I resign my office."         So saying, he gasped his top-knot, lifted off his head, and     advancing to the throne laid it humbly at the Mikado's feet. SCRAP-BOOK, n.  A book that is commonly edited by a fool.  Many persons of some small distinction compile scrap-books containing whatever they happen to read about themselves or employ others to collect.  One of these egotists was addressed in the lines following, by Agamemnon Melancthon Peters:     Dear Frank, that scrap-book where you boast         You keep a record true     Of every kind of peppered roast             That's made of you;     Wherein you paste the printed gibes         That revel round your name,     Thinking the laughter of the scribes             Attests your fame;     Where all the pictures you arrange         That comic pencils trace --     Your funny figure and your strange             Semitic face --     Pray lend it me.  Wit I have not,         Nor art, but there I'll list     The daily drubbings you'd have got             Had God a fist. SCRIBBLER, n.  A professional writer whose views are antagonistic to one's own. SCRIPTURES, n.  The sacred books of our holy religion, as distinguished from the false and profane writings on which all other faiths are based. SEAL, n.  A mark impressed upon certain kinds of documents to attest their authenticity and authority.  Sometimes it is stamped upon wax, and attached to the paper, sometimes into the paper itself.  Sealing, in this sense, is a survival of an ancient custom of inscribing important papers with cabalistic words or signs to give them a magical efficacy independent of the authority that they represent.  In the British museum are preserved many ancient papers, mostly of a sacerdotal character, validated by necromantic pentagrams and other devices, frequently initial letters of words to conjure with; and in many instances these are attached in the same way that seals are appended now.  As nearly every reasonless and apparently meaningless custom, rite or observance of modern times had origin in some remote utility, it is pleasing to note an example of ancient nonsense evolving in the process of ages into something really useful.  Our word "sincere" is derived from _sine cero_, without wax, but the learned are not in agreement as to whether this refers to the absence of the cabalistic signs, or to that of the wax with which letters were formerly closed from public scrutiny.  Either view of the matter will serve one in immediate need of an hypothesis.  The initials L.S., commonly appended to signatures of legal documents, mean _locum sigillis_, the place of the seal, although the seal is no longer used -- an admirable example of conservatism distinguishing Man from the beasts that perish.  The words _locum sigillis_ are humbly suggested as a suitable motto for the Pribyloff Islands whenever they shall take their place as a sovereign State of the American Union. SEINE, n.  A kind of net for effecting an involuntary change of environment.  For fish it is made strong and coarse, but women are more easily taken with a singularly delicate fabric weighted with small, cut stones.     The devil casting a seine of lace,         (With precious stones 'twas weighted)     Drew it into the landing place         And its contents calculated.     All souls of women were in that sack --         A draft miraculous, precious!     But ere he could throw it across his back         They'd all escaped through the meshes.                                                       Baruch de Loppis SELF-ESTEEM, n.  An erroneous appraisement. SELF-EVIDENT, adj.  Evident to one's self and to nobody else. SELFISH, adj.  Devoid of consideration for the selfishness of others. SENATE, n.  A body of elderly gentlemen charged with high duties and misdemeanors. SERIAL, n.  A literary work, usually a story that is not true, creeping through several issues of a newspaper or magazine. Frequently appended to each installment is a "synposis of preceding chapters" for those who have not read them, but a direr need is a synposis of succeeding chapters for those who do not intend to read _them_.  A synposis of the entire work would be still better.     The late James F. Bowman was writing a serial tale for a weekly paper in collaboration with a genius whose name has not come down to us.  They wrote, not jointly but alternately, Bowman supplying the installment for one week, his friend for the next, and so on, world without end, they hoped.  Unfortunately they quarreled, and one Monday morning when Bowman read the paper to prepare himself for his task, he found his work cut out for him in a way to surprise and pain him.  His collaborator had embarked every character of the narrative on a ship and sunk them all in the deepest part of the Atlantic. SEVERALTY, n.  Separateness, as, lands in severalty, i.e., lands held individually, not in joint ownership.  Certain tribes of Indians are believed now to be sufficiently civilized to have in severalty the lands that they have hitherto held as tribal organizations, and could not sell to the Whites for waxen beads and potato whiskey.     Lo! the poor Indian whose unsuited mind     Saw death before, hell and the grave behind;     Whom thrifty settler ne'er besought to stay --     His small belongings their appointed prey;     Whom Dispossession, with alluring wile,     Persuaded elsewhere every little while!     His fire unquenched and his undying worm     By "land in severalty" (charming term!)     Are cooled and killed, respectively, at last,     And he to his new holding anchored fast! SHERIFF, n.  In America the chief executive office of a country, whose most characteristic duties, in some of the Western and Southern States, are the catching and hanging of rogues.     John Elmer Pettibone Cajee     (I write of him with little glee)     Was just as bad as he could be.     'Twas frequently remarked:  "I swon!     The sun has never looked upon     So bad a man as Neighbor John."     A sinner through and through, he had     This added fault:  it made him mad     To know another man was bad.     In such a case he thought it right     To rise at any hour of night     And quench that wicked person's light.     Despite the town's entreaties, he     Would hale him to the nearest tree     And leave him swinging wide and free.     Or sometimes, if the humor came,     A luckless wight's reluctant frame     Was given to the cheerful flame.     While it was turning nice and brown,     All unconcerned John met the frown     Of that austere and righteous town.     "How sad," his neighbors said, "that he     So scornful of the law should be --     An anar c, h, i, s, t."     (That is the way that they preferred     To utter the abhorrent word,     So strong the aversion that it stirred.)     "Resolved," they said, continuing,     "That Badman John must cease this thing     Of having his unlawful fling.     "Now, by these sacred relics" -- here     Each man had out a souvenir     Got at a lynching yesteryear --     "By these we swear he shall forsake     His ways, nor cause our hearts to ache     By sins of rope and torch and stake.     "We'll tie his red right hand until     He'll have small freedom to fulfil     The mandates of his lawless will."     So, in convention then and there,     They named him Sheriff.  The affair     Was opened, it is said, with prayer.                                                      J. Milton Sloluck SIREN, n.  One of several musical prodigies famous for a vain attempt to dissuade Odysseus from a life on the ocean wave.  Figuratively, any lady of splendid promise, dissembled purpose and disappointing performance. SLANG, n.  The grunt of the human hog (_Pignoramus intolerabilis_) with an audible memory.  The speech of one who utters with his tongue what he thinks with his ear, and feels the pride of a creator in accomplishing the feat of a parrot.  A means (under Providence) of setting up as a wit without a capital of sense. SMITHAREEN, n.  A fragment, a decomponent part, a remain.  The word is used variously, but in the following verse on a noted female reformer who opposed bicycle-riding by women because it "led them to the devil" it is seen at its best:     The wheels go round without a sound --         The maidens hold high revel;     In sinful mood, insanely gay,     True spinsters spin adown the way         From duty to the devil!     They laugh, they sing, and -- ting-a-ling!         Their bells go all the morning;     Their lanterns bright bestar the night         Pedestrians a-warning.     With lifted hands Miss Charlotte stands,         Good-Lording and O-mying,     Her rheumatism forgotten quite,         Her fat with anger frying.     She blocks the path that leads to wrath,         Jack Satan's power defying.     The wheels go round without a sound         The lights burn red and blue and green.     What's this that's found upon the ground?         Poor Charlotte Smith's a smithareen!                                                      John William Yope SOPHISTRY, n.  The controversial method of an opponent, distinguished from one's own by superior insincerity and fooling.  This method is that of the later Sophists, a Grecian sect of philosophers who began by teaching wisdom, prudence, science, art and, in brief, whatever men ought to know, but lost themselves in a maze of quibbles and a fog of words.     His bad opponent's "facts" he sweeps away,     And drags his sophistry to light of day;     Then swears they're pushed to madness who resort     To falsehood of so desperate a sort.     Not so; like sods upon a dead man's breast,     He lies most lightly who the least is pressed.                                                         Polydore Smith SORCERY, n.  The ancient prototype and forerunner of political influence.  It was, however, deemed less respectable and sometimes was punished by torture and death.  Augustine Nicholas relates that a poor peasant who had been accused of sorcery was put to the torture to compel a confession.  After enduring a few gentle agonies the suffering simpleton admitted his guilt, but naively asked his tormentors if it were not possible to be a sorcerer without knowing it. SOUL, n.  A spiritual entity concerning which there hath been brave disputation.  Plato held that those souls which in a previous state of existence (antedating Athens) had obtained the clearest glimpses of eternal truth entered into the bodies of persons who became philosophers.  Plato himself was a philosopher.  The souls that had least contemplated divine truth animated the bodies of usurpers and despots.  Dionysius I, who had threatened to decapitate the broad- browed philosopher, was a usurper and a despot.  Plato, doubtless, was not the first to construct a system of philosophy that could be quoted against his enemies; certainly he was not the last.     "Concerning the nature of the soul," saith the renowned author of _Diversiones Sanctorum_, "there hath been hardly more argument than that of its place in the body.  Mine own belief is that the soul hath her seat in the abdomen -- in which faith we may discern and interpret a truth hitherto unintelligible, namely that the glutton is of all men most devout.  He is said in the Scripture to 'make a god of his belly' -- why, then, should he not be pious, having ever his Deity with him to freshen his faith?  Who so well as he can know the might and majesty that he shrines?  Truly and soberly, the soul and the stomach are one Divine Entity; and such was the belief of Promasius, who nevertheless erred in denying it immortality.  He had observed that its visible and material substance failed and decayed with the rest of the body after death, but of its immaterial essence he knew nothing. This is what we call the Appetite, and it survives the wreck and reek of mortality, to be rewarded or punished in another world, according to what it hath demanded in the flesh.  The Appetite whose coarse clamoring was for the unwholesome viands of the general market and the public refectory shall be cast into eternal famine, whilst that which firmly through civilly insisted on ortolans, caviare, terrapin, anchovies, _pates de foie gras_ and all such Christian comestibles shall flesh its spiritual tooth in the souls of them forever and ever, and wreak its divine thirst upon the immortal parts of the rarest and richest wines ever quaffed here below.  Such is my religious faith, though I grieve to confess that neither His Holiness the Pope nor His Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury (whom I equally and profoundly revere) will assent to its dissemination." SPOOKER, n.  A writer whose imagination concerns itself with supernatural phenomena, especially in the doings of spooks.  One of the most illustrious spookers of our time is Mr. William D. Howells, who introduces a well-credentialed reader to as respectable and mannerly a company of spooks as one could wish to meet.  To the terror that invests the chairman of a district school board, the Howells ghost adds something of the mystery enveloping a farmer from another township. STORY, n.  A narrative, commonly untrue.  The truth of the stories here following has, however, not been successfully impeached.     One evening Mr. Rudolph Block, of New York, found himself seated at dinner alongside Mr. Percival Pollard, the distinguished critic.     "Mr. Pollard," said he, "my book, _The Biography of a Dead Cow_, is published anonymously, but you can hardly be ignorant of its authorship.  Yet in reviewing it you speak of it as the work of the Idiot of the Century.  Do you think that fair criticism?"     "I am very sorry, sir," replied the critic, amiably, "but it did not occur to me that you really might not wish the public to know who wrote it."     Mr. W.C. Morrow, who used to live in San Jose, California, was addicted to writing ghost stories which made the reader feel as if a stream of lizards, fresh from the ice, were streaking it up his back and hiding in his hair.  San Jose was at that time believed to be haunted by the visible spirit of a noted bandit named Vasquez, who had been hanged there.  The town was not very well lighted, and it is putting it mildly to say that San Jose was reluctant to be out o' nights.  One particularly dark night two gentlemen were abroad in the loneliest spot within the city limits, talking loudly to keep up their courage, when they came upon Mr. J.J. Owen, a well-known journalist.     "Why, Owen," said one, "what brings you here on such a night as this?  You told me that this is one of Vasquez' favorite haunts!  And you are a believer.  Aren't you afraid to be out?"     "My dear fellow," the journalist replied with a drear autumnal cadence in his speech, like the moan of a leaf-laden wind, "I am afraid to be in.  I have one of Will Morrow's stories in my pocket and I don't dare to go where there is light enough to read it."     Rear-Admiral Schley and Representative Charles F. Joy were standing near the Peace Monument, in Washington, discussing the question, Is success a failure?  Mr. Joy suddenly broke off in the middle of an eloquent sentence, exclaiming:  "Hello!  I've heard that band before.  Santlemann's, I think."     "I don't hear any band," said Schley.     "Come to think, I don't either," said Joy; "but I see General Miles coming down the avenue, and that pageant always affects me in the same way as a brass band.  One has to scrutinize one's impressions pretty closely, or one will mistake their origin."     While the Admiral was digesting this hasty meal of philosophy General Miles passed in review, a spectacle of impressive dignity. When the tail of the seeming procession had passed and the two observers had recovered from the transient blindness caused by its effulgence --     "He seems to be enjoying himself," said the Admiral.     "There is nothing," assented Joy, thoughtfully, "that he enjoys one-half so well."     The illustrious statesman, Champ Clark, once lived about a mile from the village of Jebigue, in Missouri.  One day he rode into town on a favorite mule, and, hitching the beast on the sunny side of a street, in front of a saloon, he went inside in his character of teetotaler, to apprise the barkeeper that wine is a mocker.  It was a dreadfully hot day.  Pretty soon a neighbor came in and seeing Clark, said:     "Champ, it is not right to leave that mule out there in the sun. He'll roast, sure! -- he was smoking as I passed him."     "O, he's all right," said Clark, lightly; "he's an inveterate smoker."     The neighbor took a lemonade, but shook his head and repeated that it was not right.     He was a conspirator.  There had been a fire the night before:  a stable just around the corner had burned and a number of horses had put on their immortality, among them a young colt, which was roasted to a rich nut-brown.  Some of the boys had turned Mr. Clark's mule loose and substituted the mortal part of the colt.  Presently another man entered the saloon.     "For mercy's sake!" he said, taking it with sugar, "do remove that mule, barkeeper:  it smells."     "Yes," interposed Clark, "that animal has the best nose in Missouri.  But if he doesn't mind, you shouldn't."     In the course of human events Mr. Clark went out, and there, apparently, lay the incinerated and shrunken remains of his charger. The boys idd not have any fun out of Mr. Clarke, who looked at the body and, with the non-committal expression to which he owes so much of his political preferment, went away.  But walking home late that night he saw his mule standing silent and solemn by the wayside in the misty moonlight.  Mentioning the name of Helen Blazes with uncommon emphasis, Mr. Clark took the back track as hard as ever he could hook it, and passed the night in town.     General H.H. Wotherspoon, president of the Army War College, has a pet rib-nosed baboon, an animal of uncommon intelligence but imperfectly beautiful.  Returning to his apartment one evening, the General was surprised and pained to find Adam (for so the creature is named, the general being a Darwinian) sitting up for him and wearing his master's best uniform coat, epaulettes and all.     "You confounded remote ancestor!" thundered the great strategist, "what do you mean by being out of bed after naps? -- and with my coat on!"     Adam rose and with a reproachful look got down on all fours in the manner of his kind and, scuffling across the room to a table, returned with a visiting-card:  General Barry had called and, judging by an empty champagne bottle and several cigar-stumps, had been hospitably entertained while waiting.  The general apologized to his faithful progenitor and retired.  The next day he met General Barry, who said:     "Spoon, old man, when leaving you last evening I forgot to ask you about those excellent cigars.  Where did you get them?"     General Wotherspoon did not deign to reply, but walked away.     "Pardon me, please," said Barry, moving after him; "I was joking of course.  Why, I knew it was not you before I had been in the room fifteen minutes." SUCCESS, n.  The one unpardonable sin against one's fellows.  In literature, and particularly in poetry, the elements of success are exceedingly simple, and are admirably set forth in the following lines by the reverend Father Gassalasca Jape, entitled, for some mysterious reason, "John A. Joyce."     The bard who would prosper must carry a book,         Do his thinking in prose and wear     A crimson cravat, a far-away look         And a head of hexameter hair.     Be thin in your thought and your body'll be fat;     If you wear your hair long you needn't your hat. SUFFRAGE, n.  Expression of opinion by means of a ballot.  The right of suffrage (which is held to be both a privilege and a duty) means, as commonly interpreted, the right to vote for the man of another man's choice, and is highly prized.  Refusal to do so has the bad name of "incivism."  The incivilian, however, cannot be properly arraigned for his crime, for there is no legitimate accuser.  If the accuser is himself guilty he has no standing in the court of opinion; if not, he profits by the crime, for A's abstention from voting gives greater weight to the vote of B.  By female suffrage is meant the right of a woman to vote as some man tells her to.  It is based on female responsibility, which is somewhat limited.  The woman most eager to jump out of her petticoat to assert her rights is first to jump back into it when threatened with a switching for misusing them. SYCOPHANT, n.  One who approaches Greatness on his belly so that he may not be commanded to turn and be kicked.  He is sometimes an editor.     As the lean leech, its victim found, is pleased     To fix itself upon a part diseased     Till, its black hide distended with bad blood,     It drops to die of surfeit in the mud,     So the base sycophant with joy descries     His neighbor's weak spot and his mouth applies,     Gorges and prospers like the leech, although,     Unlike that reptile, he will not let go.     Gelasma, if it paid you to devote     Your talent to the service of a goat,     Showing by forceful logic that its beard     Is more than Aaron's fit to be revered;     If to the task of honoring its smell     Profit had prompted you, and love as well,     The world would benefit at last by you     And wealthy malefactors weep anew --     Your favor for a moment's space denied     And to the nobler object turned aside.     Is't not enough that thrifty millionaires     Who loot in freight and spoliate in fares,     Or, cursed with consciences that bid them fly     To safer villainies of darker dye,     Forswearing robbery and fain, instead,     To steal (they call it "cornering") our bread     May see you groveling their boots to lick     And begging for the favor of a kick?     Still must you follow to the bitter end     Your sycophantic disposition's trend,     And in your eagerness to please the rich     Hunt hungry sinners to their final ditch?     In Morgan's praise you smite the sounding wire,     And sing hosannas to great Havemeyher!     What's Satan done that him you should eschew?     He too is reeking rich -- deducting _you_. SYLLOGISM, n.  A logical formula consisting of a major and a minor assumption and an inconsequent.  (See LOGIC.) SYLPH, n.  An immaterial but visible being that inhabited the air when the air was an element and before it was fatally polluted with factory smoke, sewer gas and similar products of civilization.  Sylphs were allied to gnomes, nymphs and salamanders, which dwelt, respectively, in earth, water and fire, all now insalubrious.  Sylphs, like fowls of the air, were male and female, to no purpose, apparently, for if they had progeny they must have nested in accessible places, none of the chicks having ever been seen. SYMBOL, n.  Something that is supposed to typify or stand for something else.  Many symbols are mere "survivals" -- things which having no longer any utility continue to exist because we have inherited the tendency to make them; as funereal urns carved on memorial monuments.  They were once real urns holding the ashes of the dead.  We cannot stop making them, but we can give them a name that conceals our helplessness. SYMBOLIC, adj.  Pertaining to symbols and the use and interpretation of symbols.     They say 'tis conscience feels compunction;     I hold that that's the stomach's function,     For of the sinner I have noted     That when he's sinned he's somewhat bloated,     Or ill some other ghastly fashion     Within that bowel of compassion.     True, I believe the only sinner     Is he that eats a shabby dinner.     You know how Adam with good reason,     For eating apples out of season,     Was "cursed."  But that is all symbolic:     The truth is, Adam had the colic.                                                                   G.J.