Ages of Classical Music

The Middle Ages ( 400 - 1400 )

Monophony : Chant / Vocal musicChurch music / Secular music

Polyphony / modes / organum

Non-metrical / metrical rhythm

Ars Antiqua Motel , Conductor

Ars Nova (c.14) Madrigal (AAB,AAAB)

Important composers Leonin Perotin Landial Machaut

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Renaissance ( 1400 - 1600 )

Polyphony : imitative style / Homophony

Metrical rhythm / 4-part songs

Church music / secular music

Modes / Fugue / Chorale

Volcal music / instrumental music

Dunstable Dufay Ockegham Byrd Palestrina Monteverd

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Baroque ( 1600 - 1750 )

Polyphony : Counterpoint ( Fugue ) / Tempo

Homophony : Opera

Scales : major , minor / Ritornello / Terraced dynamic

Stile Concertato / Basso Continuo / Improvisation

Dance suite / concerto grosso /Solo concerto

Buxtehude Scarlatti Pachelbel Vivaldi Bach Handel

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The Classic Era ( 1750-1820 ) Objectivity / Dynamics / Expression Homophony / Orchesta / Absolutemusic Form : Conventional ( Sonata allegro form ) Sympphony / (solo) concerto / sonata Chamber music / opera	Haydn Mozart Beethoven Bluck
*samples* Piano Sonata No.37 in D - 1st mov. by Haydn Symphony No.41 in C, K.551 'Jupiter' - Allegro vivace by Mozart Serenade No.13 in G for strings 'Eine Kleine Nachtmusik', K.525 Allegro (arr. piano) by Mozart

The Romantic Era ( 1820 - 1920 ) Subjectivity / Nationalism Homophony Form : flexible ( sonata form ) Program music / absolute music Dynamics / expression Instrumental music / Vocal music Orchestral Music / Chamber music Opera / Ballet music Piano music	Beethoven Rossini Schubert Mendelssohn Chopin Verdi Tchaikovsky Wagner
*samples* Sonata No.8 in C-, Op.13 'Pathetique' by Beethoven Waltz in Db, Op.64 No.1, 'La Minute' by Chopin Sonata No.23 in F-, Op.57 'Appassionata' Allegro assai by Beethoven

The Impressionistic Era ( 1860 - 1910 ) Whole tone scale / Augmented Chords	Debussy Ravel
*samples* Clair De Lune by Debussy

The Twentieth Century ( 1860 - 1910 ) Experimentation Atonallty , polytonality Electronic Neo - romantic Rhythm , tone color	Schoenberg Bartok Stravinsky Berg Hindemith Glass
*samples*