Course Descriptions
The course work at IBA is an intensive study of subjects gleaned from a host of disciplines. The objective is to produce a generalist who knows more than enough about all the diverse areas of knowledge he will have to use in business. The course work revolves around the following subjects: |
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Fundamentals of Accounting is designed to give the students an introduction to the concepts, methods and procedures of accounting. The subject matter includes the nature of accounts, the recording of transactions, primary books and procedures, and preparation and presentation of statements as existing in service or merchandising organizations. The emphasis is on accounting fundamentals involved in income statements and asset side of the balance sheet.Prerequisite: 101 |
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Financial Accounting deals with the structure of accounting, classification of accounts, accounting framework and its impact on day to day recording events and financial statements. Course work includes the use of work sheet, and the concept and procedures of adjusting and reversing entries, preparation of classified and incorporated income statements, problems of consolidation of financial statements and special procedures of partnerships and corporate accounting. Participants are introduced to the practical aspects of accounting in Pakistan. |
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Cost Accounting delves into advanced treatment of costs with particular emphasis on cost records and their maintenance. It studies the treatment of material, labor and overhead allocations, and development and installation of standard costing and budgetary control system in an organization. Application of cost accounting in manufacturing and non-manufacturing concerns is explored. |
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Laws of Taxation includes a comprehensive coverage and treatment of taxes as related to business profits, allowance and deductions, capital gains, depreciation problems and reserves. A thorough study of Income Tax Act, Sales Tax Act, Wealth Tax Act etc. forms the core of this course.Prerequisite: 102 |
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Managerial Accounting is designed to educate the student about the applications of accounting information as a tool for solving business problems and for the purpose of prediction and control. The emphasis in this course is on cost systems, break-even analysis, profit planning and development of management outlook towards the accounting process.Prerequisite: 103 |
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Advanced Accounting gives advanced treatment to the contents, form and interpretation of basic accounting statements and procedures involved in accumulation of data. Current theories of revenue recognition and measurement, cost concepts and methods of accounting valuation are also included. Attention is also directed to financial statement practices in Pakistan in the light of the recent development in accounting theories. Emphasis is laid upon concepts and principles rather than upon techniques.Prerequisite: 102 |
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Analysis of Financial Statements enables the student to read, analyze and interpret financial statements of industrial and commercial business organizations in Pakistan. The basis concepts and conventions applied to the construction of financial statements is briefly viewed, particularly in respect of form F, which is the prescribed form of the balance sheet as provided by the Companies Ordinance. Emphasis is placed on the interpretation of financial data by means of comparative statements, trend percentages, detailed analysis of working capital and extensive use of various generally accepted ratios. Attention is directed to special problems resulting from current accounting practices in Pakistan and to limitations of statement analysis.Prerequisite: 102 |
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Income Tax Accounting familiarizes the student with the fundamentals of income taxation in Pakistan such as the concept of taxable income and provisions of Income Tax as applicable to various classes of taxpayers. Major emphasis is placed on the preparation of income tax returns for individuals, partnerships and joint stock companies.Prerequisite: 104 |
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Auditing discusses the procedures used by public accountants in the verification of financial statements and other accounting data. It includes the legal responsibility and ethical requirements of the profession and the related standards of professional conduct.Prerequisite: 102 |
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Seminar in Accounting deals with specialized accounting topics such as accounting for mergers, acquisitions, consolidated financial statement preparation and governmental accounting.Prerequisite: 102 |
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Macroeconomics equips the student with an appreciation of the aggregate forces affecting the economy as a whole. The topics covered are national income measurement and determination; the relationship between income saving and investment; an introduction to money and banking; price indices, the value of money and monetary policy; government expenditure, taxation and fiscal policy; the theory of international trade, balance of payment and exchange and economic planning and development in the Third World economics with special reference to Pakistan. |
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Microeconomics builds upon the basic concepts in economics and helps the student to undertake and understand an operationally meaningful calculus. Among the topics covered are analytical tools to optimization, demand and cost analysis and efficient resource allocation by the firm and by the government. |
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Money and Banking studies the fundamentals of money markets and banking systems, with emphasis on principles, functions and operations rather than institutional details. It includes a coverage of money market including their organization, institutions and determination of interest/profit rates and structural relationships. Monetary and fiscal management is also studied.Prerequisite: 201 |
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International Economics (previously International Trade) discusses the benefits, pitfalls and problems in foreign trade. It gives the theoretical justification for international specialization and deals with the tools of market intervention by the government at the domestic and international level. It also covers the roles of international financial and trade bodies.Prerequisite: 201 |
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Development Economics is concerned with the special economic problems of developing economies in general. Economic growth and planning for economic development is discussed. The issues include topics like nature and process of economic growth, the role of government and business in industrialization, the role of agriculture in economic development, the population problems, the impact of fiscal and monetary policy on growth; the influence of foreign trade, investment and foreign aid on a growing economy, and the socio-cultural changes required for economic development. |
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Competitive Analysis (previously Analysis of Pakistani Industries) discusses local economic environment and competitive forces and its effect on the strategic decision making in business and industry. It explores the state of various industries in Pakistan and exposes the participant to the general industrial environment of the country. |
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301 - |
Introduction to Business Finance introduces the student to the various methods of financing a company and the application of its funds. The course apprises the student about the concepts of short term and long term financing, profit planning, capital budgeting, working capital and its management and the different approaches to the investment of funds. Included in the course is a discussion of the financial markets from the borrower’s viewpoint.Prerequisite: 102 |
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Introduction to Business Finance introduces the student to the various methods of financing a company and the application of its funds. The course apprises the student about the concepts of short term and long term financing, profit planning, capital budgeting, working capital and its management and the different approaches to the investment of funds. Included in the course is a discussion of the financial markets from the borrower’s viewpoint. |
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Financial Management builds upon the background provided in the fundamental courses placing heavy emphasis upon the managerial aspect of corporate finance. Among the topics covered are evaluation of alternative sources of funds, assets management, analysis of capital structure, funds flow analysis, forecasting future needs for funds, financial planning and control, dividend policy and income administration, cost of capital, budgeting expansion, reorganization and liquidation. |
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Security Analysis enables the participants to distinguish between the various types of investment securities, to apply the recognized tests of income, safety and marketability in the selection of securities and to act prudently with respect to diversification and management of fund. Careful consideration is given to the methods of security analysis and the use of technical aids in the appraisal of investment values. Students are encouraged to take A.F.S. before taking this course. |
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Corporate Finance further develops the theoretical frameworks discussed in basic finance courses and applies them to practical problems in the Pakistani financial environment. The course goes deep into the liabilities and equity side of the balance sheet and evaluates the explicit and implicit costs associated with the various modes of financing. Acquisition and merger cases in the local environment are discussed in great detail and students are expected to prepare proposals for them. |
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International Banking course apprises the student of the basic operations of a bank and the procedures for completing international transactions. The students are given an overview of the foreign exchange regulations, modes of international money transfer and the role of the bank in promoting international trade. |
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Seminar in Finance undertakes an intensive study of some phases of business finance or investment management through articles appearing in the international journals and periodicals on finance. |
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Project Evaluation exposes students to the practical knowledge of how DBI’s judge the viability of a project. The topics covered also include commercial feasibility, technical feasibility, economic feasibility, but the emphasis is on financial feasibility. |
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General Banking Procedures familiarizes the student with various practical aspects of commercial banks, their nature, significance, modus operandi, etc. It covers the different departments into which the operations of banks are divided and the interrelationship that exists between them. |
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Investment Banking is an advanced level course in finance and security analysis. The course goes deep into the concept and application of valuation as its applied to the process of buying and selling of companies. It also includes a detailed study of the portfolio theory as it applies to the setting up of mutual funds. The regulations concerning buying and selling of securities are also discussed. |
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International Financial Management equips the student to take decisions in the highly technical international financial environment. Whereas International banking is tilted towards the procedures involved, this course strives to educate the student to know, decide, direct and manage international money and capital transfers. |
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Management and Behavioral Sciences |
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401, 402, 403, 404, 405, 406, 407, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 413, 414, 415, 416, 421, 441 |
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Business English lays the foundation for advanced courses in communication. The topics emphasize vocabulary development and the understanding of grammatical rules. The course aims to inculcate a simpler, more informative and expressive business like writing style in the participants, written communication. |
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Oral Communication teaches the student to communicate orally with others in an effective manner in a business environment. Some of the areas covered in this course are interviewing, public speaking, inter-personal communication etc. Each participants gains practical experience of preparing and delivering speeches in front of large groups and thus prepares them for the numerous presentations they will have to make during their stay at IBA and later in their corporate careers. |
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Human Behavior (previously Psychology) familiarizes the students with the major theories, research findings and concepts, attempting to describe and explain human behavior. Particular attention is paid to those theories and concepts, which seem specially significant for the understanding and controlling of behavior in organizations. |
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Organizational Behavior (previously Sociology) analyses the behavior of humans in large groups and especially in work settings. The course tries to inculcate a positive attitude in the student relationships with their equals, superiors and subordinates. |
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Behavioral Sciences for Management is an introduction to basic concepts and theories of Behavioral Science. Emphasis is placed on the application of the concepts, theories, and research findings of the discipline in dealing with problems in all areas of management. |
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Principles of Management deals with management principles and methodology demonstrating their application to manufacturing and other enterprises. It includes a study of all the functional areas of management namely, planning, organizing, communicating, staffing, directing and controlling with special emphasis on their application. |
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Logic is taught with the objective of assisting business students in following a sound reasoning process in their decision-making. Course contents include deductive and inductive logic, the use of language and the analysis of the nature of fallacies. |
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Social & Economic Philosophy of Islam acquaints the participants with the classic and contemporary literature on Islamic social and economic philosophy. It compares the Islamic classic system with the modern economic one and gives appraisal of modern economic and financial institutions in the light of the Islamic principles of banking, insurance and joint stock companies. |
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Personal Management is specially designed to help the students in organizing their personal lives, and every day training which could reduce the physical and mental load in the corporate setting. It includes speed reading, time management, positive thinking, personal grooming, and transactional analysis. |
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Comparative Management explores alternatives to the American and European theories of management. The course revolves around the management principles in the socialist countries, the Japanese methods of management and the Islamic philosophy and guidelines for management. |
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Business Communication is concerned with the theory and application of administrative communication and techniques of effective communication in management. It includes development in effective speaking, interpersonal communication, grievance handling, conference participation, etc. Other areas include the diagnosis of communication problems in administration and planning for solutions to these problems. |
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Small Business Management discusses the entrepreneurial aspects of the management courses taught at IBA. Whereas the other courses relate to environments of large business, this course explores how these concepts apply to a small business environment. |
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Business and Labor Law acquaints students with the laws governing business enterprises and business relationships. The emphasis is placed on Limited Liability Companies, and Partnerships and the laws governing the working of these in detail. Besides, the course covers general provisions of substantive law affecting business and industry, specifically, the Law of Contract, the Law of Sale of Goods, the Law of Agency, Factories Act, Payment of Wages Act, Trade Unions Act, Workmen’s compensation Act and Industrial Relations Ordinance. |
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Office and Records Management provides extensive training to prospective office managers and supervisors. It includes modern techniques of office organization, setting up of work, arrangement of people, establishment of organizational relationships, office reports and correspondence, setting up filing record retention system, office work and procedure, supervision, quality control, office work simplification, forms design and control, office layout and flow of paper work, office budgets, tools of records retention, records centers, vital records protection and procedure management and control. |
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Production and Operations Management familiarizes students with the fundamental problems in the area of plant operations management. It covers a study of the economics of production, layout of machines and buildings, production control, operations management in service industries and other allied problems. |
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Managerial Policy is an advanced management course in strategy planning, policy, formulation and implementation thereof. This course develops an integrated viewpoint by interrelating the functional areas of finance, marketing, production, personnel, and the general business environment. It is a course in business statesmanship and stresses the challenges when emerge when top management tries to redefine its outlook and company objectives in the face of important changes which may be taking place in and around the company. |
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Personnel Management covers all phases of manpower management. Specific subject include staffing, salary and wage administration, relations with labor unions, training, safety, fringe benefits and service. In addition, the course integrates, for managerial application, such concepts as motivation and morale. The course covers various ways to measure manpower management effectiveness as it contributes to the attainment of general management objectives. |
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Advanced Management examines in greater detail and depth the basic administrative process, i.e. planning, organization, coordination and control, which is common to all fields of cooperative human endeavor. The subject matter is studied in the context of the managerial and economic environment of Pakistan. Adaptation and application of management principles as developed in the Pakistani situations is explored through class discussion and analytical case studies. |
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Principles of Marketing introduces the student to the fundamentals of modern marketing. It includes a study of the functions and the institutions of marketing. The areas of study includes discussion of how to identify consumer needs and satisfy them by making appropriate products, making them available at the suitable outlets at the right price. It also touches upon promotion, emerging trends in marketing and the societal responsibilities of the marketer. A brief overview of the managerial aspects of marketing to prepare the student for advanced courses in this field is also given. Fundamental areas of study are product, price, place and promotion. |
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Methods of Business Research deals with the tools and techniques of scientific research methods and their application to business administration. Topics covered are formulation of the problem and related hypotheses, development of research design, sampling techniques, construction of questionnaires, interviewing techniques, analysis of data, construction and solution of models, and use of primary and secondary data sources. A part of the course work students are required to participate in business research projects or undertake independent research projects, reports on which they are required to submit prior to the final exams. Reports are a separate passing head. |
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Marketing Management develops in the students the ability of understanding marketing problems, formulating marketing policies, planning marketing strategies and designing marketing programs for business organizations in Pakistan. In order to train the student to come to grips with practical marketing problems the course also includes case problems which the student is expected to critically analyze and discuss in class. |
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Sales Management exposes the student to the methods of determining sales objectives, planning sales programs, supervising the organization and measuring performance. Thus it includes a study of sales territories management, sales force compensation methods, customer relations and filling and delivery of orders. |
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Personal Selling gives ‘hands on’ training to the participants by inviting them to prepare and make sales presentations in class. A working insight into the personal selling area is developed so that the sales manager can empathize with the sales people and make more informed decisions. The course also coordinates personal selling activities with other marketing activities. |
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Advertising Management includes a study of both the mechanics and management of advertising. Thus it discusses such topics as advertising objectives, selection of mass media appeals, medic choice, copy preparation, illustration and layout, reproduction processes, campaign planning and campaign appraisal etc. Prerequisite: 501 |
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Consumer Behavior provides the framework which enables the marketer to identify specific markets which he best can serve and to enable him to make informed marketing decisions. Topics include research in consumer behavior, informed marketing decisions, individual differences, group influences, evaluation of consumer decisions, etc. Prerequisite: 501 |
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Industrial Marketing is a specialized, advanced level applied course in marketing. It is concerned with management of business-to-business marketing transactions. The course discusses the modern concepts of inter-action, the role of technology and the value and vendor analysis and does an appraisal of the industrial marketing environment and buying process. It also includes a study of the development of industrial products, industrial selling and sales promotion techniques, service and distribution strategies and pricing methods. Case studies and writing of an analytical marketing report related to real life situations are essential requirements of the course. Prerequisite: 501 |
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Export Marketing is designed to familiarize the student with the procedures, policies and management problems faced by Pakistani exporters. It includes a study of Pakistani exporters, types of export channels, sources of export market information, locating sales channels through international publications, export yard sticks, standardization and export marketing, packing for export marketing, advertising and sales promotion, insurance, export letter, pricing, export terms and documents, banking services and transportation for export. |
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Seminar in Marketing is intended to intensively study the central issues and problems in current marketing thought. Based on articles appearing in leading marketing and other business journals, the seminar orients the student to an in-depth analysis of key marketing issues. It also covers comparative analysis of the marketing issues. It also covers comparative analysis of the marketing systems of various countries, regions and political systems. Prerequisite: 503 |
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Introduction to Business Mathematics introduces the student to basic mathematical tools. The topics included are elements of algebra, matrices, linear equations, etc. |
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Mathematics for Business includes basic concepts in algebra, differential and integral calculus. Mathematics of finance introduces the concept of time value of money and annuity and their application in capital budgeting. Prerequisite: 601 |
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Elements of Statistics gives the student a clear concept of the statistical methods of deriving stable relationships from mass data. The specific study areas include methods of data collection, frequency distribution, measure of central tendency and dispersion, and weighted averages and random theory. Prerequisite: 601 |
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Statistics and Mathematics for Management is taught with two objectives in mind (1) to enable students to acquire basic knowledge of Mathematics and Statistics, which is necessary to pursue a study program in Business administration; (2) to prepare students for advanced work in quantitative business analysis. The topics covered are functions and graphs, linear and quadratic equation, logarithm, algebra, elements of differential calculus, frequency distribution, ratios and percentages, and index numbers. |
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Statistical Inference gives the student a clear understanding of application of statistical procedure in business decision making. The topics included are probability theory, estimation, hypothesis testing, linear correlation theory and its applications and analysis of variance. Prerequisites: 603 and 604 |
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Operations Research gives advance treatment to linear programming, mathematical modeling and simulation. The application in the Pakistani business and office environment is also explored. The course discusses inventory and production problems and explores associated solutions. Prerequisite: 602 and 604 |
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Computer Concepts includes basic data processing concepts, short history of data processing, input/output devices, storage, arithmetic and logic unit; data presentation, elements of programming; business applications of computers; steps in computerization and applications. |
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Computer Applications to Business discusses project analysis and selection, analyzing management's information needs, designing computers based management information systems, data base management, data communication concepts and facilities, hardware and software considerations, MIS project organization and sponsorship and MIS impact on the organization. |
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BASIC discusses the evolution of BASIC, its fundamental characteristics and syntax and the data organization in the language. The course also involves solving business problems using BASIC. Prerequisite: 701 |
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RPG reviews the stored program concepts, the RPG characteristics, coding forms, data manipulation and solving business problems using RPG. Prerequisite: 701 |
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COBOL is divided into organization of COBOL program, structure of language data organization and divisions of COBOL program. Sample problems from the local business environment are discussed and solved in class. Prerequisite: 701 |
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Systems Analysis and Design aims at design of computer systems. A detailed analysis and design of a large business or government computer system is carried out. It considers the technical design of appropriate hardware/software and system specification, its cost-benefit analysis and the system's implementation. Prerequisites: 742 or 743 |
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Retail Banking course introduces the students to origin of banking, development of banking in Pakistan, legal obligations of the banks, bank-customer relations, various types of accounts and loan advances. The course also explains fixed and term deposits, draft, pay orders, foreign exchange and travellers cheques etc. Besides, it covers frauds and forgeries, central bank returns as well as profit and loss statements of branch. The course lays strong emphasis on customer relations and staff management. |
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Foreign Trade covers international laws regarding foreign trade, banks' role and obligations, types of letters of credit mandatory documentation, etc. It also explains import and export policies, licensing, customs restrictions, waivers, UCP liabilities and certification of "E" forms. It covers export regulations, export rebate schemes, presentation and acceptance of bills of exchange, shipping guarantees, refinancing schemes of State Bank and realization of export proceeds. |
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Funds Management course exposes the students to the practical working of the treasury of a bank. It explains various instruments and products, credit ceiling and call markets, risks and liabilities management, etc. It covers calculating forward risks, appraising currency movements, various artificial currencies, Euro-markets, and Euro-dollar, foreign exchange risks. It explains responsibilities of a dealer, the dealing process and content and how to take positions. The whole emphasis is on improving the field and protect the bank in the most efficient manner by doing timely effective utilization of funds. |
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Credit Analysis and Marketing course assists the participants in understanding the techniques used in marketing and evaluation of key areas and factors that are essential in making sound credit judgement. Emphasis is laid on analysis of balance sheets and cash flow statements as well as on administering the credit. Security documentation, their importance and legal implications are also explained. The student is equipped with the knowledge to act as an Accounts Manager and develop data base on a particular industry with special reference to its problems, legal and commercial environment in which it is operating and to maintain relationship with key personnel. |
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Islamic Banking course enables the students to understand the features of interest free banking. It explains in detail the various Islamic modes of financing e.g. Musharika, Modaraba, Murahaba, Ijara, Mark-up, Equity participation etc. The various Islamic instruments of investment and finance like participation term certificates and term finance certificates are also taught. The students are also taught how to interact with interest based monetary organizations in connection with international banking transactions. |
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Investment Banking is an advanced level course in finance and security analysis. The course goes deep into the concept and application of valuation as its applied to the process of buying and selling of companies. It also includes a detailed study of the portfolio theory as it applies to the setting up of mutual funds. The regulations concerning buying and selling of securities are also discussed. |
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International Banking course apprises the student of the basic operations of a bank and the procedures for completing international transactions. The students are given an overview of the foreign exchange regulations, modes of international money transfer and the role of the bank in promoting international trade. |
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