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www.relationshipllc.com Engagement Engage

Relationship LLC's Domestic Partners Program (tm)
"Engagement" Leading To Formal LLC Registration With The State


In the U.S., each state and the District of Columbia has created LLC law.  People are entitled to create LLC operating agreements and formation papers and file those papers with the state.  This is the formal LLC formation procedure setforth by the states. 

In order to determine if a Relationship LLC is right for you and your partner(s), you can follow all of your state's requirement for creating a LLC except for the final step of filing the formation papers with the state.  Relationship, L.L.C. will recognize your relationship as a LLC.   This  is Relationship LLC's  Domestic Partners Program (tm).   Your relationship may purchase a vanity email address to the Domestic Partners.Net domain name and join  Relationship LLC's Synetergy Network (tm), an affiliate program for people who do not want to manage their own Synetergistic web sites.  Of course, you may elect to create and manage your own free commercial web site making use of Synetergy (tm), most affiliate networks do not require that you be a registered business nor have a business tax id.   

It is our hope that, after experiencing what it is like to be in and manage a Relationship LLC, you will file your formation papers with your state within one year of the date you create your formation papers.  This program is a product of our religious beliefs and is intended to promote social order by (a) supporting conventional marriage as a non-discriminatory contract between one man and one woman; and (b) by providing persons who choose not to (or who are unable to) marry with a method of obtaining the same rights and benefits as married couples.

While there is debate among attorneys as to whether an LLC can really exist under common law, there was at least one argument holding that a LLC could possibly exist among the parties if the formation papers are not filed with the state:

"The LLC may exist among the members and perhaps by estoppel vis a vis third parties despite the absence of a filing, depending on the statute. See Ribstein & Keatinge on LLCs,section 4.15 There is a table of statutory provisions relating to this issue in appendix 4-1.

For comparisons between LLC and limited partnerships and corporations see Ribstein and Keatinge sections 4.17 and 4.18. I too have been puzzled by the difference regarding RULPA section 304 on erroneous partners. But the difference may not be that great in practice -- e.g., the assume to act provisions some LLC statutes, as in corporate statutes, may not reach inactive members, and the erroneous partner provision in RULPA is only a limited shield.

For limited partnership cases that may be applied to LLCs, see III Bromberg & Ribstein on Partnership section 12.04(b). These cases are of considerable assistance on the issue of whether the agreement is binding among the partners as distinguished from vis a vis third parties.

For a theoretical discussion of the above issues that antedated LLCs, see Ribstein, Limited Liability and Theories of the Corporation, 50 Md L Rev 80(1991)."   

 

A treatise discussion on personal liability for Defective Formation. Bishop and Kleinberger, Limited Liability Companies (Warren, Gorham and Lamont), para. 6.02[2]. I'm told the treatise is now available through Westlaw.

I think the proper analogy is to defective corporate formation. I don't think that limited partnership cases will be much help. Until very recently, the notion of a limited partnership inevitably involved someone contemplated as a general partner. That person was destined to be personally liable for the enterprise's debts in any event. No analogy exists with an LLC. Moreover, the Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act contains a byzantine provision protecting would-be limited partners in the event of defective formation. RULPA sec. 304 (person erroneously believing himself [or herself] limited partner). Again, no analog exists under LLC statutes.

Discussion from LNET-LLC

 

 

If a common law LLC is not recognized as having been formed by the state, the parties  who do not file the papers with the state would be personally liable for the acts of their business (which would just be an association of two or more people).  However, under the Relationship LLC Domestic Partners Program, the parties would have a signed document between them indicating their intent to pool certain assets and to keep all other assets separate, and there is very little liability associated with maintaining a free commercial web site making use of Synetergy (tm).

All new information and discussion relating to Relationship LLC's Domestic Partners Program will be posted at http://www.domesticpartners.net

You may obtain LLC formation information from the books below or from your state's secretary of state's office.

 

LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY BOOKS


Recommended Book


 

 

State Contacts for Free Info On LLCs

ALABAMA
624 State Office Building
Montgomery, AL 36130
1-205-242-5324
ALASKA
Division of Banking, Securities and Corporations
P.O. Box 110808
Juneau, AK 99811-0808
1-907-465-2530
ARIZONA
Arizona Corporation Commission
State of Arizona
1200 West Washington
Phoenix, AZ 85007
1-602-542-3521
ARKANSAS
 
Corporation Division
State Capital Building
 Little Rock, AR 72201
 1-501-682-3463
 CALIFORNIA
 
Office of the Secretary of State
 Limited Liability Company Unit
P.O. Box 944228
 Sacramento, CA 94244-2280
 1-916-445-0620
COLORADO
 
Office of the Secretary of State
1650 Broadway
Denver, CO 80202
1-303-894-2200 ext. 349
CONNETICUT
Office of the Secretary of State
30 Trinity Street
Hartford, CT 06106
1-203-566-6192
DELAWARE
Office of the Secretary of State
Corporations Department
Townsend Building
Dover, DE 19901
1-302-739-3073
DISTRICT of COLUMBIA
Council of the District of Columbia
Office of the General Counsel
Washington, DC 20004
1-202-727-7278
FLORIDA
Florida Department of State
Division of Corporations
P.O. Box 6327
Tallahassee, FL 32314
1-904-487-6000
GEORGIA
Office of Secretary of State
306 West Tower
2 M.L. King, Jr. Drive
Atlanta, GA 30334
1-404-656-2817
HAWAII
Business Action Center
1130 North Nimitz Highway
Second Level, Suite A-254
Honolulu, Hawaii 96817
(808) 586-2545
IDAHO
Secretary of State
Commercial Affairs
Statehouse
Boise, ID 83720
1-208-334-3191
ILLINOIS
Office of Secretary of State
359 Howlett Building
Springfield, IL 62756
1-217-524-8008
IOWA
Office of the Secretary of State
Hoover Building
Des Moines, IA 50319
1-515-281-8363
INDIANA
Office of the Secretary of State
State House, Room 155
Indianapolis, IN 46204
1-317-232-6587
KANSAS
Secretary of State
2nd Floor, State Capitol
300 S.W. 10th Ave.
Topeka, KS 66612-1594
1-913-296-4565
KENTUCKY
Director of Corporations
State Capitol Building, Room 150
Frankfort, KY 40601-3493
1-502-564-2848
LOUISIANA
Office of the Secretary of State
P.O. Box 94125
Baton Rouge, LA 70804-9125
1-504-925-4716
MAINE
Director of Corporations
Station #101, Room #221, S.O.B.
Augusta, ME 04333
1-207-287-4189
MARYLAND
Corporate Charter Division
301 West Preston Street
Baltimore, MD 21201
1-410-225-1340
MASSACHUSETTS
Secretary of the Commonwealth
Corporations Division
One Ashburton Place, 17th Floor
Boston, MA 02108
1-617-727-9440 (recorded messages)
1-617-727-9640 (corporations)
1-617-727-2859 (limited partnerships)
MICHIGAN
Department of Commerce
P.O. Box 30222
Lansing, Michigan 48909
1-517-334-6327
MINNESOTA
Office of the Secretary of State
100 Constitution Ave., 180 State Office Bldg.
St. Paul, MN 55155-1299
1-612-296-9215
MISSISSIPPI
Secretary of State
Business Services
P.O. Box 136
Jackson, MS 39205-0136
1-601-359-1604
MISSOURI
Secretary of State
P.O. Box 1159
Jefferson City, MO 65102
1-573-751-3200
MONTANA
Chief Corporations Bureau
State Capitol - R 225
Helena, MT 59601
1-406-444-3665
NEBRASKA
Corporation Division
State Capitol, #1301
Lincoln, NE 68509
1-402-471-4079
NEVADA
Secretary of State
Capitol Complex
Carson City, NV 89710
1-702-687-5203
NEW HAMPSHIRE
Secretary of State
State House Annex, 3rd Floor
Concord, NH 03301
1-603-271-3242
NEW JERSEY
Division of Commercial Recording
CN 308
Trenton, NJ 08625
1-609-530-6412
NEW MEXICO
State Corporation Department
P.O. Drawer 1269
Santa Fe, NM 87504-1269
1-505-827-4502
NEW YORK
Secretary of State
162 Washington Avenue
Albany, NY 12231
1-518-473-2492
NORTH CAROLINA
Secretary of State
300 N. Salisbury Street
Raleigh, N.C. 27603-5909
1-919-733-4201
NORTH DAKOTA
Corporations Division
800 East Boulevard Avenue
Bismarck, ND 58505-0500
1-701-328-2939
OHIO
Director of Corporations
30 E. Broad Street, 14th Floor
Columbus, OH 43266-0418
1-614-466-1145
OKLAHOMA
Secretary of State
101 State Capitol
Oklahoma City, OK 73105
1-405-521-3911
OREGON
Secretary of State
255 Capitol Street, NE
Suite 151
Salem, OR 97310 -1327
1-503-986-2200
PENNSYLVANIA
  RHODE ISLAND
Office of the Secretary of State
State of Rhode Island
100 North Main Street
Providence, RI 02903-1335
1-401-277-3040
SOUTH CAROLINA
Secretary of State
P.O. Box 11350
Columbia, SC 29211
1-803-734-2170
SOUTH DAKOTA
Office of the Secretary of State
Capitol Building, 2nd Floor
Pierre, SD 57501
1-605-773-4845
TENNESSEE
Corporation Section
18th Floor, James K. Polk Building
Nashville, TN 37243-0306
1-615-741-0584
TEXAS
Secretary of State
P.O. Box 13697
Austin, TX 78711-3697
1-512-463-5586
UTAH
Division of Corporations
P.O. Box 45801
Salt Lake City, UT 84145-0801
1-801-530-6027
VIRGINIA
State Corporation Commission
P.O. Box 1197
 Richmond, VA 23209
 1-804-786-3672
WASHINGTON
Office of Secretary of State

505 East Union, 2nd Floor
P.O. Box 40234
Olympia, WA 98504-0234
1-206-753-7120
WEST VIRGINIA
Corporations Division
State Capitol
Charleston, WV 25305
1-304-558-8000 ext. 39
WISCONSIN
Office of Secretary of State
Corporations Division
30 West Mifflan
 Madison, WI 53703
 1-608-267-3224
WYOMING
LLC Division
Office of the Secretary of State

Capitol Building
Cheyenne, WY 82002
1-307-777-5334