Ammunition Chart

BLACK POWDER PERCUSSION: modern Pyrodex FFFG black powder substitute

177 BB (4.5mm) -- 8 gr metal sphere, 280 fps, 1 ftlbs. Daisy Red Ryder (airgun)
typical plainsman bow and arrow -- 500 gr chipped stone point, 150 fps, 25 ftlbs.
31 caliber Colt 1849 Pocket revolver -- .321" dia. (8.2mm) 80 gr conical bullet at 700 fps, 87 ftlbs or 50 gr round ball at 850 fps, 80 ftlbs.
36 caliber Colt 1861 Navy revolver -- .375" dia. (9.5mm) 124 gr conical bullet at 800 fps, 176 ftlbs or 80 gr round ball at 950 fps, 160 ftlbs.
44 caliber Colt 1860 Army revolver -- .454" dia. (11.5mm) 220 gr conical bullet at 700 fps, 239 ftlbs or 140 gr round ball at 850 fps, 225 ftlbs.
44 caliber Colt 1847 Walker revolver -- .454" dia. (11.5mm) 250 gr conical bullet at 900 fps, 449 ftlbs or 140 gr round ball at 1150 fps, 411 ftlbs.

HANDGUN CARTRIDGES: ballistics are for the ammo I happen to have, velocity changes with different bullet weights, powder loads, and barrel length

22 Long Rifle (5.68x16R) rimfire -- 40 gr FMJ, 930 fps, 77 ftlbs. Winchester Super-X, 2.5 inch barrel (1100fps 107ftlbs 4.75")
22 Long Rifle (5.68x18R) rimfire -- 32 gr JHP, 1010 fps, 73 ftlbs. CCI Stinger, 2.5 inch barrel (1200fps 102ftlbs 4.75") (1500fps 160ftlbs 22" barrel)
25 ACP (6.35x15.5mm) -- 35 gr Frangible, 1150 fps, 103 ftlbs. Glaser Safety Slug, safe plinking, 2.4 inch barrel
25 ACP + P (6.35x15.5mm) -- 50 gr TMJ, 850 fps, 80 ftlbs. Custom Cartridge, shoots through a 2x4 pine construction beam
6.5mm rimless Bergmann (6.5x22mm) -- 65 gr FMJ, 780 fps, 94 ftlbs. DWM
7.63mm Mauser (7.62x25mm) -- 88 gr FMJ, 1215 fps, 289 ftlbs. Fiocchi, (85gr) DWM, 3 inch barrel
7.62mm Tokarev (7.62x25mm) -- 85 gr FMJ, 1550 fps, 453 ftlbs. Sellier & Bellot
7.62mm Nagant (7.62x38.5R) -- 97 gr FMJ, 900 fps, 175 ftlbs. Fiocchi
32 ACP (7.65x18mm) -- 73 gr FMJ, 900 fps, 131 ftlbs. Fiocchi, 3 inch barrel
32 Extra Short (8x11R) rimfire -- 60gr lead, 700 fps, 66 ftlbs. UMC
32 S&W (8x14R) -- 88 gr lead, 620 fps, 75 ftlbs. Remington, 2 inch barrel
32 S&W Long (8x25R) -- 98 gr FMJ, 705 fps, 115 ftlbs. Remington
8mm Roth-Steyr (8.4x18mm) -- 113 gr FMJ, 1090 fps, 306 ftlbs. Fiocchi
8mm Pieper (8.4x40R) -- 106 gr FMJ,1150 fps, 311 ftlbs. Remington
380 ACP (9x17mm) -- 95 gr FMJ, 1120 fps, 265 ftlbs. Fiocchi
9mm Luger (9x19mm) -- 124 gr JHP, 1120 fps, 341 ftlbs. Speer Gold Dot SOC (extra waterproof)
9mm Luger + P (9x19mm) -- 124 gr FMJ, 1150 fps, 364 ftlbs. Federal M882
9mm Luger + P (9x19mm) -- 124 gr FMJ, 1200 fps, 397 ftlbs. Winchester M882
9mm Luger (9x19mm) -- 147 gr JHP, 1000 fps, 326 ftlbs. Winchester Black Talon Deep Penetrator, carried during the 1990's
9mm Luger + P + (9x19mm) -- 147 gr JHP, 1150 fps, 432 ftlbs. Custom Cartridge (surefire), shoots through a 4x4 construction post or windshield
38 S&W (9x20R) -- 146 gr lead, 686 fps, 152 ftlbs. Magtech
38 Long Colt (9x26R) -- 158 gr lead, 610 fps, 131 ftlbs. Black Hills, 3 inch barrel
38 Special (9x29R) -- 130 gr FMJ, 800 fps, 185 ftlbs. M41 is what the military used
38 Special + P (9x29R) -- 158 gr lead HP, 880 fps, 272 ftlbs. Fiocchi, old so-called FBI load
357 Magnum (9x33R) -- 158 gr JHP, 1120 fps, 440 ftlbs. Hornady XTP, 3 inch barrel
41 Long Colt (9.8x29R) -- 186 gr lead, 714 fps, 210 ftlbs. Black Hills, 3 inch barrel
40 S&W (10x21mm) -- 165 gr JHP, 1000 fps, 366 ftlbs. Federal Hydra-Shok
38 WCF (10x34R) -- 180 gr lead, 665 fps, 176 ftlbs. Ultramax, 3.25 inch barrel (mild load short barrel antique)
44 Webley (11.07x17.5R) -- 200 gr lead, 700 fps, 218 ftlbs. custom made
45 ACP (11.43x23.5mm) -- 230 gr FMJ, 869 fps, 386 ftlbs. M1911 ball is the standard by which all others are judged, I don't own any
45 Long Colt (11.48x35R) -- 250 gr lead, 869 fps, 419 ftlbs. PMC

RIFLE CARTRIDGES: projectile-bullet-width x powder-case-length in millimeters, R = rimmed cartridges

223 Remington (5.56x45mm) -- 55 gr FMJ, 3240 fps, 1282 ftlbs. (South African) M193, 20 inch barrel
223 Remington (5.56x45mm) -- 62 gr FMJ (steel core), 3020 fps, 1255 ftlbs. Winchester M855, 20 inch barrel
6.5mm Swedish (6.5x55mm) -- 139 gr FMJ, 2500 fps, 1928 ftlbs. Hirtenberger surplus
6.5mm Swedish (6.5x55mm) -- 144 gr FMJ, 2650 fps, 2425 ftlbs. PMC
7mm Mauser (7x57mm) -- 139 gr FMJ, 2650, 2168 ftlbs. surplus
7.5mm Swiss (7.5x55mm) -- 174 gr FMJ, 2560 fps, 2533 ftlbs. Ruag surplus
7.62x39mm Soviet -- 123 gr FMJ, 2300 fps, 1445 ftlbs. Norinco, fat little cartridge never jams
308 Winchester (7.62x51mm) -- 147 gr FMJ, 2800 fps, 2560 ftlbs. surplus, M80 general purpose medium cartridge
308 Winchester (7.62x51mm) -- 168 gr BTSP (soft points are used like a hollow point), 2880 fps, 3038 ftlbs. Hornady Light Magnum
7.62x54R Russian -- 150 gr FMJ (steel core), 2700 fps, 2429 ftlbs. surplus
30-40 Krag (7.62x58.5R) -- 180 gr FMJ, 2430 fps, 2360 ftlbs. Winchester
30-06 Springfield (7.62x63mm) -- 165 gr FMJ (steel core), 2800 fps, 2873 ftlbs. custom made M2AP, corrosive cans South Korean surplus
303 British (7.7x56R) -- 174 gr FMJ, 2450 fps, 2224 ftlbs. surplus
7.7mm Japanese Rifle (7.7x58mm) -- 174 gr FMJ, 2493 fps, 2402 ftlbs. Norma and gun show loads
8mm Mauser (7.92x57mm) -- 154 gr FMJ, 2800 fps, 2582 ftlbs. surplus
8x48R Sauer & Sohn -- 196 gr FMJ, 2350 fps, 2404 ftlbs. Norma
8x52R Siamese Mannlicher -- 181 gr FMJ, 2250 fps, 2035 ftlbs. custom made
8x56R Austrian Mannlicher -- 206 gr FMJ, 2350 fps, 2527 ftlbs. surplus (bought a few crates when they were selling it surplus)
12GA (2 3/4") -- #8 game load, 400 lead pellets, 1.2 gr .090" (2.29mm), 1290 fps, 1760 ftlbs. Federal
12GA (2 3/4") -- 00 buckshot, 9 lead pellets, 53 gr .32" (8.1 mm), 1325 fps, 1656 ftlbs. Wolf
12GA (2 3/4") -- 480 gr rifled lead HP slug, 1600 fps, 2729 ftlbs. Winchester

FMJ = Full Metal Jacket, jacketed lead, basic bullets can sometimes pass through a body. JHP = Jacketed Hollow Point, expanding tip "opens" when bullet strikes target creating larger wound cavity in an effort to incapacitate faster, sometimes at the expense of penetration. TMJ = Total Metal Jacket, lead free solid jacket. Frangible = jacketed compacted tiny steel shards, safe ammo can be used with minimal penetration. fps = feet per second. ftlbs = foot pounds of force. gr = grains of bullet weight. +P = added case pressure through use of faster burning gun powders and magnum primers. +P+ = hottest powders that are often compressed.

Historical information on my favorite handgun round: 9mm Luger (aka 9mm Parabellum). Recoil explanation (from Internet).

Handful of rounds: 22 LR (training rifles & pocket guns) - 25 ACP (reliable pocket guns) - 380 ACP (small guns) - 9x18mm Makarov (pistols & submachine guns) - 9mm Luger (pistols & submachine guns) - 40 S&W (modern cops) - 44 Webley (old English cops) - 38 Special (poor cops) - 38 WCF (John Wayne) - 223 Remington blank (wargames) - 223 Remington (light rifles & light machine guns) - 7.62 Soviet (SKS, AK-47, light machine guns) - 308 Winchester (medium rifles, medium machine guns, snipers) - 8mm Sauer (old hunting) - 6.5 Swedish (obsolete) - 7.7 Jap Rifle (obsolete) - 8mm Mauser (obsolete) - 8x56R Austrian Mannlicher (obsolete) - 7.62 Russian (obsolete rifles, modern medium machine guns & snipers) - 30'06 Springfield (obsolete) - 12 Gauge (corpsmen).

Oddball European rounds from left to right: "220 Russian" 5.6x39mm (Lapua made sporting) - "22 Savage Hi-Power" 5.6x52R (Norma made sporting) - 5.6x61mm Vom Hofe Super Express (German sporting) - "8x48R Sauer & Sohn" 462A KK (DWM made sporting) - "9.3x62R Mauser" bevel base (DWM made 286gr 2360fps 3544ftlbs obsolete military) - 8x50R Siamese Mannlicher (Thai made obsolete military) - "6.5mm Swedish" 6.5x55mm (Norma made obsolete military) - "6.5x58R Sauer & Sohn" (RWS made obsolete sporting) - "9.3x62mm Mauser" (Norma made 232gr 2624fps 3548ftlbs) - "8x58.5R Sauer & Sohn" .N SS 8x58.5R (German made sporting) - 9.3x72R (RWS made sporting) - 9.3x74R (Norma made sporting).

25 ACP (Automatic Colt Pistol) & 9mm Luger cartridge cases with spent primers, powder representation, "fired" bullets, and assembled rounds.

Antique bullet mould forms molten lead into shaped bullets, 31 caliber balls, powder kept in flask for transport, percussion caps used to ignite.

Digital chronograph used to measure bullet speed.