Ephedrine is a naturally occurring central nervous system stimulant obtained from the plant _Ephedra equisetina_. It is now also produced by chemical synthesis, the synthetic product being marketed in the form of its salt, ephedrine sulfate; it occurs as a white crystalline powder with a bitter taste, soluble in water and very soluble in alcohol. Ephedrine is closely related in structure to methamphetamine, although its CNS actions are much less potent and also longer acting than those of the amphetamines. Its peripheral stimulant actions are similar to but less powerful than those of epinephrine (also called adrenaline), a hormone produced in the body by the adrenal glands. Ephedrine has moderately potent bronchial muscle relaxant properties, and therefore is used for symptomatic relief in milder cases of asthmatic attack; it is also used to reduce the risk of acute attacks in the treatment of chronic asthma. The typical adult dose range is 30-60 mg taken orally, three to four times per day, in the form of tablets. Ephedrine in the form of nose drops is also widely used to relieve nasal congestion associated with upper respiratory tract illnesses. It is also used to treat low blood pressure, because it constricts blood vessels and stimulates certain actions of the heart.
Common side effects are qualitatively similar to those produced by amphetamines and are generally milder. Higher doses (overdose) can cause restlessness and anxiety, dizziness, insomnia, tremor, rapid pulse, sweating, respiratory difficulties, confusion, hallucinations, delirium, and (very infrequently) convulsions. The most dangerous symptoms of overdose are abnormally high blood pressure and rapid, irregular heartbeat. A dose of ephedrine only two to three times the therapeutic maximum can cause a significant increase in blood pressure. The elderly are particularly sensitive to overdose, and there have been a few deaths among such patients. Finally, a number of instances of psychosis, clinically similar to amphetamine psychosis, have resulted from chronic high-dose abuse; other effects of chronic abuse have not been adequately studied.
Tolerance develops to the main effects of ephedrine; however, temporary abstinence restores sensitivity. Interesting point to note is that the therapeutic dose maximum of 60 mg is about 2 25mg pills (the common OTC strength), while 'dangerous' amounts would be 4 or more of the same pills. By the way, if you're going to use ephedrine more than once or twice, use a mail order. The OTC prices are outrageous: 100 pills @ 25mg each should NOT cost more than about $10.
Ephedrine is an adrenergic drug that works by stimulating alpha and beta-receptors thus causing the release of norepinephrine. Alpha and beta-receptors exist in the sympathetic nervous system, (fight or flight) and stimulation causes increased heart rate, bronchodilation, and vasoconstriction. Ephedrine is the oral form of Epinephrine, or adrenaline. It was once a commonly prescribed drug for asthma, but newer drugs in the xanthine class have fewer side effects. Ephedrine is related to pseudoephedrine, which was designed as a decongestant with less undesirable effects. Ephedra is a Chinese herb that's been used for centuries to treat asthma. Rather than purchasing it through mail order, you might want to ask the local pharmacist for Ephedrine sulfate in the 100 capsule bottles as it's much cheaper that way. Though more difficult to find, ephedrine is kept as a 'behind-the-counter' drug. Legal to purchase without a Rx, but not put out on display. Ephedrine taken with caffeine is a more pleasant stimulant combination however be aware of the warnings concerning adrenergic drugs, which you can discuss with someone qualified and licensed to do so.
As with all substances, the key to safer use lies with learning about your drug and using it in moderation.
Drug Information Index The Ministry of Truth Home Page