Those Mysterious Lines In The Sky March 23, 1999
Dear Readers,
The article below describes the results from my
investigation into the current controversy over allegations that
contrails contain substances harmful to humans and the environment. My
investigation began two years ago and is continuing. It is the
distillation of many hours of research and is based on facts and
logical analysis from many sources, fully documented and sourced.
I have made this effort in order to discover the
truth, which I define as the real state of things that agrees with
fact and reality. I understand that I will be attacked for my findings
by those whose paradigms are based on beliefs rather than facts. Such
is the fate of those who reveal truth which conflicts with other's
beliefs. Reality is often obscured when emotion, rather than facts,
are the basis for people's beliefs. I am willing to accept that many
people will never believe what I
conclude to be the truth. I do not expect anyone to trust my
conclusions, but do expect all who value the truth to carefully
examine what I have to present. I stand willing to alter my
conclusions should new evidence become available.
Jay Reynolds March 21, 1999
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Those Mysterious Lines in the Sky
Over the past several years, many reports of high
altitude aircraft emitting unusual contrails
The trail seen behind jet aircraft is formed by
condensation, much like our breath does when we exhale in cold
weather. The difference in contrail formation is that at the altitude
that contrails form, temperatures are very low and the condensation
droplets rapidly freeze into ice crystals. This occurs mostly in the
upper troposphere and the upper stratosphere (5-10 miles high).
1. Hot jet exhaust Contrails have been observed since WWII,
If a contrail is formed in air of low humidity, the
ice crystals will rapidly evaporate, but if the air is saturated
enough, the crystals will persist for some time. When winds aloft are
calm enough, the contrail will keep its shape, if the wind is strong
enough, it will spread Since contrails are composed of water in the form of ice
crystals, and they often eventually form cirrus type clouds, their
effects are the same as natural clouds. Clouds influence our weather
both by blocking the suns rays and by absorbing and radiating back
heat emitted by the earth itself. Since air traffic is increasing as
much as 5% per year, and the traffic is sometimes concentrated into
corridors, the local and worldwide climate may be affected.
Over the last decade, NASA has been conducting the
Atmospheric Effects of Aviation Project
Since 1996, reports have been made about contrails
which allege one or more of the following:
1. Military aircraft are "spraying" biological or
chemical agents via contrails and are flying formations which
sometimes form odd shapes.
2. A new military jet fuel, JP-8 with additive +100,
contains Ethylene dibromide, and contrails formed by this fuel are
causing various illnesses.
3. Aircraft are spreading a cobweb type material which
causes various illnesses.
4. Military aircraft are conducting weather control
experiments, possibly in concert with the HAARP project.
These reports are characterized by little documented or
confirmable information, and no material analysis or medical reports
have been published. Without documented and confirmable information,
these reports can only be considered rumor and speculation. Some
analysis of these reports can be made with facts that are known about
contrails, aircraft, materials, and physics.
"Spraying" Via Contrails
As noted before, it is not necessary to have any
biological or chemical agents to cause contrails, they are composed of
ice crystals, and thus the existence of contrails can neither support
or disprove the delivery of such a substance. The purpose of
biological or chemical warfare is to disseminate an agent to the land
surface, and would be ineffective at the altitude where contrail
formation takes place.
In many cases, an agent released at these altitudes,
which are typically five miles up or higher, would not be delivered to
the ground for hundreds or thousands of miles.(4)
It is not necessary, and would be a general waste of
time, to apply a biological agent over the vast miles of sparsely
inhabited countryside of this nation. Some reports have come from the
east coast, where high altitude spraying of a biological or chemical
agent would simply drift out over the Atlantic ocean and affect no
one. Common sense and logic would suggest that such an attack would
take place at night, and over a populated area, or be carried out at
ground level with
a contagious agent.
Satellite observations have shown that a cluster of
contrails in New Mexico turned into a cloud covering more than 13,000
square miles. The cloud lasted 14 hours and drifted all the way to
southern Georgia.(5) "Formation" Flying
Military aircraft do fly in formation during training
and refueling, commercial aircraft do not. Commercial aircraft do fly
in regular corridors between destinations, and do therefore sometimes
cause parallel contrails. They also could appear to fly in formation
while actually being separated by altitude, this not being apparent
from the ground. It would be extremely difficult to identify markings
or color of aircraft at these altitudes, and many commercial planes
are of the same body as military aircraft(DC-10 = KC-10). Since the
atmosphere is not consistent at different altitudes or in different
locations, contrails can change, start, and stop as an aircraft moves
through different air parcels. The random crossing of aircraft in
parallel or in different directions, and the changes in contrails
during flight can create X's, W's and even figure 8 "markings" in the
sky.(6) JP-8+100 and Ethylene dibromide
The jet fuel additive +100 was developed at the Dayton
University Research Institute
"JP-8+100 is composed of three components: an
antioxidant, a metal deactivator, and a dispersant. The antioxidant
and metal deactivator species are common components that have been
present in jet fuels, gasolines, and other petroleum products for many
decades. The dispersant is a proprietary formulation of BetzDearborn
HPG Inc. Ethylene dibromide is NOT a component of this package and, as
far as I know, has never been used in jet fuel."(7)
Ethylene dibromide(EDB) was for several decades used in
leaded gasoline to scavenge and prevent lead deposition in automotive
engines. It was also used to fumigate soils and grain during storage.
It's use in the US was suspended in 1983. EDB is considered highly
toxic, carcinogenic, and can affect reproduction. The half-life of EDB
is less than 48 hours in rats, chicks, mice, and guinea pigs. EDB has
a half-life of 1 day in river water, and about five days in lake
water. EDB decomposes when heated or in sunlight and cooking
dramatically reduces EDB levels in foods. Plants are unable to take
EDB up from soil, thus accumulation is not likely.(8)
A lightweight material resembling cobwebs or
accumulations of lightweight stranded material released at five miles
altitude would tend to drift long distances and would not be an
effective means of dispersing a chemical or biological weapon with any
accuracy. An observer sighting such material at ground level could not
relate it's release with an aircraft release, which would have
occurred at a long distance and time away.
Cobwebs do fall from the sky at times, and are the
result of natural causes. It is well known that small immature spiders
use their silk to provide transportation in migration. These spiders
emerge, sometimes in the hundreds, from each egg sack. "The phenomenon
is widespread in the order Aranea and is thought to be the primary
means by which spiders disperse over long distances."(9) A recent sighting of a "cobweb-like" material was
described by Tommy L. Farmer of Jonesborough, TN. The material, which
was collected, but not analyzed, was described as "six to eight inches
in length and about the diameter of a pencil". It was seen falling to
the ground ten minutes after passage nearby of five aircraft emitting
contrails at an altitude Farmer estimated at 10-15,000 feet.
In an experiment I conducted, a piece of fiberglass
insulation was formed into the shape and size described by Farmer.
This material was dropped from several elevated positions and was
observed to fall at 2 ft/sec. At this rate of fall, the material would
require 5000 seconds(83 minutes) to reach the ground. Thus, Farmer's
material would not have been seen at ground level for well over an
hour, not within ten minutes, as claimed.
This demonstrates the problem that would be
encountered in delivering lightweight substances from high altitudes.
The slow descent is further complicated by wind
dispersion(scattering), and horizontal displacement (blowing
sideways), which tends to carry light material many miles from the
point of release and spread it widely. Weather Control Experiments
It is known that the military is interested in weather
modification for defensive and offensive purposes. A program to seed
clouds with carbon black(soot) in order to increase cirrus and
dissipate fog is scheduled for completion by 2004, $2.5 million is
budgeted for this in
1999.(10) Commercial cloud seeding operations are commonplace,
especially in the southwest and plains states. The High Altitude
Auroral Research Project (HAARP) is possibly intended for weather
modification, but is thought to not be in full operation at this time.
Since the HAARP project is designed to affect the
ionosphere which is 75 km high, and far above the earth's atmosphere,
it is not reasonable that aircraft flying within the atmosphere could
aid that project. The level of experimentation in weather modification
by the military is unknown, and
has not been connected with contrails by any proof whatsoever.
Ironically, the relationship between changes in the
weather and contrail formation is opposite to the allegations that
contrails are formed to influence the weather. Actually, weather
conditions favorable for contrail formation are exactly the same as
those preceding a storm front, and are the same conditions that cause
natural clouds to form. Weather conditions do cause contrails, but
contrails do not cause weather.
Origin of the Controversy
The earliest record of discussion relative to
contrails is an e-mail message to an Internet discussion group, which
reads in part: http:file://web.raex.com/~kittkatt/news.htm#ident
----begin----
From: Richard Finke The lab director of Aquatech Environmental (a.k.a.
AquaTel), Marion, OH, ph., (707) 8872228, using samples taken from JP8
contaminated fields of Maryland and Pennsylvania, reported today
(9/18/97) that ethylene dibromide, otherwise known as EDB, has been
the contaminate in the fuel and water samples taken of submitted by
farmers, pilots and tanker drivers. EDB is one of the most tightly
controlled EPA substances and was banned in 1983 due to its
carcinogenieity. EDB is a pesticide that apparently is being placed in
the jet fuel and dispersed on a daily, almost nonstop basis in our
skies. The lines filling our skies are not contrails. The lines
are dispersed and may linger for hours, slowly filtering down to
unsuspecting pests, and I guess we're the PESTS.
----end----
This message is not an analysis, and no analysis is
available from Richard Finke, ---end---
On 2/10/99 William Thomas issued another alert which
read:
To: John Hammell John, Tell everyone to STAY INDOORS when contrails are
being woven overhead. I've got a BBC photo of a freezer semi
filled with dead bodies in England all from sudden respiratory
ailments. We're talking (according to the BBC) 6,000 deaths from
respiratory failure in two weeks.
People are VERY SICK here. And spraying continues
after heavy spraying last Friday over Asheville, Knoxville, Dallas and
other US centers. I have this morning received reports of "many
deaths" from a "cough that never leaves" in Louisiana.
This is big. This is real. I have positively verified
that Emergency Rooms are overflowing with acute respiratory cases from
coast to coast. Doctors are telling the New York Times that this is
NOT the flu. People are dying they say far more quickly and at rates
far beyond "flu"
The only lab test I have shows JP8 present in soil
samples after spraying. The ethylene dibromide in JP8 is banned by the
EPA as a known carcinogen and an extremely toxic substance that
attacks the respiratory system at very low doses of
exposure...................
This is a MAXIMUM RED ALERT for everyone on your list,
John. TAKE COVER! Stay indoors during spraying. This is NOT
"woowoo". This is NOT a drill. Check my website for updates:
http://www.islandnet.com/~wilco/index.html Good luck to all of us,
William Thomas
---end---
The months of January and February are typically the
peak of cold and flu season.
Richard Finke, who distributed the false EDB
"analysis", edited and condensed the book by Larry Wayne Harris
entitled, "Bacteriological Warfare: A Major Threat to North America".
In 1998, Harris pled guilty to wire fraud for fraudulently obtaining
vials of bubonic plague. Finke also wrote an article entitled "Update
On Anthrax 'Cures', Exposure, Vaccine Effectivity",
"You don't have to be a Gulf War veteran to be
suffering daily effects from Chemical Warfare (CW) exposure. As a
frequent writer on environment and health, while researching a major
article on chemical sensitivities ,I learned that Multiple Chemical
Sensitivity can be triggered by massive repeated low level exposure to
oil and other chemical releases. Once you've become "sensitized" to
certain chemical or petroleum products such as benzene, chances are
you will also be sensitive to things like pesticides, perfumes or the
formaldehyde found in abundance in almost every office and home.
Anyone committed to recovering, protecting and improving their health
should read on." Thomas goes on to describe how through use his
products:
"Two years later, I am virtually immune to the flu's and
viruses that constantly lay many of my friends low."
A link at Thomas' website advertises information on
how to order medicines from overseas without a prescription:
"MEDICINES WITHOUT PRESCRIPTION"
Other websites that offer products which can protect
against contrails are:
Contrail formation mechanisms are ordinary and
contrails themselves are increasing in number as a result of increased
air traffic. Reports of persistent contrails are within what is known
to be naturally possible. Contrail studies are underway which will
increase our knowledge of their causes, frequency, and effects. High
altitude contrails are not consistent with effective dispersal of
chemical or biological agents. No known toxic or harmful components
have been proven to
be in JP-8+100 fuel. Ethylene dibromide is not a viable
chemical warfare agent when delivered through jet engine combustion.
No medical reports, material analysis, or documentable and confirmable
evidence has been presented which supports the hypothesis that
chemical or biological agents are currently being delivered or can be
associated with jet contrails. There is a threat to Americans from
germ and chemical warfare, and vigilance should be maintained.
Speculation and rumor without factual and specific information can
only dull
that vigilance. Those with factual information have a moral obligation
to publicize those facts, but those who "cry wolf" are not acting in
the best interest of this nation.
References:
1. Online Guide to Meteorology, Department of
Atmospheric Sciences at the University of Illinois UrbanaChampaign,
Cloud Catalog, at:
http://covis1.atmos.uiuc.edu/guide/clouds/other.clouds/html/contrail.h
tml
2. Personal communication with David Starr, Mission
Scientist, SUCCESS, NASA, GSFC, 1997
3. NASA Langley Cloud and Radiation Research
at:http://www-pm.larc.nasa.gov/pages/minnis_home.html Atmospheric
Sciences Division NASA Langley Research Center
at:http://asd-www.larc.nasa.gov/ASDhomepage.html
4. Personal communication with Patrick Minnis, Senior
Research Scientist, Radiation Sciences Branch, Atmospheric
Sciences Division, NASA Langley Research Center, 1/8/99
5. National Public Radio, Morning Edition, Aviation
Threat to the Environment, June 10, 1998, Patrick Minnis in
interview < http://www-pm.larc.nasa.gov/
6. Minnis, P.;Young, D.F.; Nguyen, L.;Garber, D.P.;
Smith, W.L.,Jr.; and Palikonda, R.: Transformation of Contrails Into
Cirrus During SUCCESS, Geophysical Research Letters.,25, April 15,
1998, pp. 1157-1160 http://www-pm.larc.nasa.gov/
7. Personal communication with Steve Zabarnick, Ph.D.,
Research Chemist, Aerospace Mechanics Division, University of Dayton
Research Institute, Dayton, Ohio, 1/13/99
8. EXTOXNET Extension Toxicology Network, Pesticide
Information Profiles, Oregon State University, Ethylene
dibromide(EDB), dibromomethane, rev. 1996,
http://ace.orst.edu:80/info/extoxnet/pips/edb.htm
9. Suter, R.B. (1991). Ballooning in spiders: results of
wind tunnel experiments. Ethology, Ecology, and Evolution 3: 13-25
http://vassun.vassar.edu/~suter/Abstracts_biomech.html
10. U.S. Army Test and Evaluation Command (TECOM)
Directorate for Technical Mission, Test Technology Symposium '97,
March 1820, 1997, Weather Modification, Dr. Arnold Barnes,
Phillips Lab/GPO
The author, Jay Reynolds, is an engineer who has
extensive experience in marine propulsion and gas turbine engines. He
is an independent journalist unaffiliated with any government or
corporate organization.
by Jay Reynolds
cen05897@centuryinter.net
2. Ambient air close to saturation with water
3. Altitude sufficient to provide temperature for condensation to
freeze, typically below -38C.(1)
Sent: Wednesday, September 17, 1997 4:18 PM
To: BIOWAR-L@mail.sonic.net
Subject: [BIOWAR] LINES IN THE SKIES IDENTIFIED GENOCIDE ON A
WHOLESALE LOT LINES IN THE SKY ARE IDENTIFIED!! SAMPLES Are
ANALYZED!!!
From: William Thomas
Subject: TAKE COVER IMMEDIATELY