Aroumanian

Aroumanian

Aroumanian or Macedo-Romanian is a Romance language close to Romanian spoken throughout the Balkans. The term Vlach has been applied to them historically. This is a minority with almost no recognition in the countries they live. Estimates of Aroumanians range between 150.000 (speakers of the language according to the Unesco Red Book of Endangered Languages) to 1,5 million people calculated by diaspora sources. The Aroumanians or Armanesti live now in Greece, Albania, Macedonia, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia and Romania. Besides those in the Balkans, there is also a Aroumanian diaspora in the Western countries. Other related but distinct minorities are the Megleno-Romanians of Macedonia and Greece, and the Istro-Romanians (in another page) of Croatia.

->

Armanesti

Arumaniera edo Mazedo-Errumaniera hizkuntza erromanikoa da, Errumanieratik gertu dagoena, eta Balkanetan zehar mintzo denak. Hiztunei Vlach deitu izan zaie historikoki, hailek nahiago dute Arumaniar terminoa (Armanesti, beren hizkuntzan). Gutxiengo honek apenas duen ezagupen ofizialik inon, eta zenbat diren kalkulatzea ere zaila da. Gutxienik 150.000 hiztun izan litezke (Unescoren Red Book of Endangered Languages delakoaren arabera), baina diasporako iturrien arabera 1,5 milioi lagun ere izan litezke. Armanestiak gaur egunean herrialde hauetan bizi dira: Grezia, Albania, Mazedonia, Bulgaria, Jugoslavia eta Errumania. Balkanetako horiez gain, diaspora ere bada Mendebaldean. Ahaide diren beste mintzaira batzuk (desberdinak dira ordea): Megleno-Errumaniera (Grezian eta Mazedonian), eta Istro-Errumaniera (Kroazian, beste orri batean).

The following signs are written in ASR system:

Romanian [ s¸ t¸ a( ] [comma below, breve]

Transliterated Bulgarian & Macedonian [ s< ] [macron]

Zeinu diakritiko bereziak honela ageri dira, ASR sistemarekin adieraziak:

Errumanieraz [ s¸ t¸ a( ] [koma azpian, breve]

Transliteraturiko Bulgarieraz eta Mazedonieraz [ s< ] [macron]

 

Eskualdeak, estatuak / Regions, countries

Mapetan (ingelesez) / Map name (English)

Aroumanian

Albania

Albania

Balcans

Balcanj

Bulgaria

Vãryãrie / Vuryârie

Dobrudja

Dobrogea

Epirus

Ipiru

Greece

Gãrtsie

Macedonia

Macedonia

Romania

Romãnia

Serbia

Sârbia

Aroumanian in Greece

The Greek authorities do not recognise Aroumanians as a different ethnic group, considering them rather as "Vlach- (or Latin-) speaking Greeks". Estimates range from 50,000 speakers (Unesco) to almost 1 million people. It is hard to know which is the reality. The Aroumanians in Greece are concentrated in the Pindus mountains, Epirus, Thessaly and Macedonia region. In Macedonia there is also a distinct community, the Megleno-Romanians, speaking a different related language and numbering a few thousand people.

Arumaniarrak Grezian

Grezian arumaniarrek ez dute gutxiengo ezagupen ofizialik gutxiengo etniko gisa. Estatuarentzat "latinez" edo "vlach-eraz" mintzo diren grekoak besterik ez dira. Zenbat diren? Batzuen arabera 50.000 (Unesco), beste batzuek milioi bat direla diote. Eskualde hauetan bizi dira: Pindus mendietan, Epiron, Tesalian eta Mazedonia eskualdean. Azken lurralde horretan beste komunitate bat ere bizi da, Megleno-Errumaniarrak, ahaideak baina hizkuntza desberdinekoak (milaka gutxi batzuk besterik ez dira).

Grekeraz

Arumanieraz

* Hellas [Grezia / Greece]

* Gãrtsie

Athinai

Atena

Avdira

Avdela

Grammos

Gramostea

Ioánnina

Ianina

Kato Vermio

Selia de Jos

Kavála

Cavala

Lárisa

Larisa

Metzovo

Aminciu

Nausa

Naushte

Perivolion

Perivoli

Thessaloniki

Saruna

Veria

Selia de Sus

Véroia

Veria ?

Aroumanian in Albania

Unesco numbers 10.000 Aroumanian speakers in Albania. Other estimates: from 50.000 to 200.000, or even 15% of of the Albanian population. There are no official statistics as the Aromanians are usually included in the "Greek Orthodox minority" because of their religion. They are concentrated in the south of the country.

Arumaniarrak Albanian

Unescoren arabera, 10.000 Armanesti hiztun daude Albanian. Beste kalkulu batzuk: 50.000etik 200.000era, edo populazioaren %15 ere bai. Ez dago estimazio ofizialik, estatistikek "Greko ortodoxoen" artean sailkatzen dituztelako arumaniarrak. Gutxiengo hau estatu honetako hegoaldean bizi da.

Albanian

Aroumanian

* Shqipteria

* Albania

Berat

Berat

Fier

Fearica

Gjirokastër

Arghirocastru

Konisbalte

Kilbisire

Korce

Corita

Pojan

Poiani

Shipcke

Shipsca

Vlore

Valona

Voskopoje

Moscopole

Aroumanian in Macedonia

In independent Macedonia ("The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia"), estimations vary from 8,500 people (official census of 1994) to 100,000 people, or 50,000 speakers (Unesco). The 1991 Constitution officially recognises the Vlachs as a national minority. The Macedonian language must be used in contacts with government. Language teaching is being introduced slowly in the schools.

Arumaniarrak Mazedonian

Mazedonia independientean kalkulu desberdinak egiten dira Arumaniarren gainean. Errolda ofizialean (1994), 8.500 ziren, baina kalkulu batzuek 100.000 edo 50.000 (Unesco) ematen dute. 1991ko konstituzioak ezagupen ofiziala ematen die, eta eskubidea dute administrazioarekin arumaniera erabiltzeko. Heziketan ere sartzen hasi omen dira hizkuntzaren irakaskuntza.

Macedonian

Aroumanian

* Makedonija

* Macedonia

Bitola

Bitolia

Krus<evo

Crushova

Ohrid

Ohrid

Prilep

Parleap

Skopje

Scopia

Aroumanian in Bulgaria

In Bulgaria, the Aroumanian communities (some 2,000 or 3,000 people) live in the south, and some more in Sofia, the capital. These communities are not to be confused with ethnic Romanians living in the north of the country (some 20.000 or 30.000 people). We list here towns where Aroumanians actually live, where Aroumanians have no proper romance names for those places, and use instead the Bulgarian slavic forms.

Arumaniarrak Bulgarian

Bulgariako arumaniar komunitateak hegoaldean daude eta 2 edo 3 mila lagun dira (hiriburuan, Sofian, ere badira batzuk). Ez dira nahastu behar hauek iparraldean bizi diren errumaniar etnikoekin (beste 20.000 edo 30.000 lagun). Gure zerrendan arumaniarrak bizi diren herriak ageri dira: ez dute herri horientzat izen propiorik, eta bulgarierazko izen eslaviarrak erabiltzen dituzte beraz.

Bulgarian

Aroumanian

* Balgarija

* Vãryãrie / Vuryârie

Blagoevgrad

Blagoevgrad

Dorkovo

Dorkovo

Kostandovo

Kostandovo

Pes<tera

Pestera

Rakitovo

Rakitovo

Aroumanian in Romania

There are also Aroumanians in Romania proper, mainly descendants from emigrees of the first half of the 20th century. Maybe there are 100,000, concentrated in south-eastern Romania, particularly Dobrudja (75%). Aroumanian or Macedo-Romanian should be considered a different language from Romanian proper (or Daco-Romanian), and, although the receive some recognition. they are considered by the Romanian State as a "linguistic and cultural community" rather than as a minority.

Arumaniarrak Errumanian

Errumanian bertan ere badira Arumaniarrak, batik bat XX. mende honen hasieran beste eskualde batzuetatik hara joandakoen ondorengoak. Agian 100.000 ere badira, eta bizi dira batik bat hego-ekialdeko Errumanian, bereziki Dobrudja-n (%75). Berez, Arumaniera edo Mazedo-Errumaniera hizkuntza desberdina da Dako-Errumanieratik (hau da, Errumaniera estandarretik, Moldavia eta Errumaniako hizkuntzatik), baina ez Errumanian ez dituzte Armanestitarrak komunitate berezi gisa kontsideratzen.

Romanian

Aroumanian

* România

* România

Baia

Baia

Camina

Camina

Ceamurlia de Jos

Ceamurlia de Jos

Ceamurlia de Sus

Ceamurlia de Sus

Cobadin

Cobadin

Constant¸a

Custantsa

Dobrogea

Dobrogea

Lastuni

Hagilarea

Ovidiu

Ovidiu

Sinoie

Sinoe

T¸ariverde

Tariverde

Tulcea

Tulcea

Mapak / Maps

Mapak beste leiho batean irekiko zaizkizu.
Maps will open in a new window.