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![]() On This PageHenry Wadsworth LongfellowThe Villiage BlacksmithThe Children's HourPaul Revere's Ride![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
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Excerpts from the book, “The Chief American Poets” published in 1905, by The Riverside Press of Cambridge, Mass., and edited and compiled by Dr. Curtis Hidden Page, Ph. D., of Dartmouth College. In the book, there are biographical sketches of each of the poets presented therein. The section on Longfellow starts like this: "Henry Wadsworth Longfellow was born at Portland, Maine, February 27, 1807, the second of eight children. He came of an old New England Family. His father and his great-grandfather were graduates of Harvard College. On his mother’s side he was descended from John and Priscilla Alden of Plymouth, and his maternal grand father, General Peleg Wadsworth, was a distinguished officer in the Revolution." The book goes to say that Longfellow did not go to Harvard, but to Bowdoin, where his father was on the board of trustees. He graduated second in the class of 1825. A fellow classmate was Hawthorne and in the next class was Franklin Pierce, future President. After graduation, Henry accepted a professorship of modern languages, and Bowdoin, with the condition that he spend some time in Europe to strengthen his skills. However, because of unfavorable conditions at sea, he did not leave the US, until May,1826. He returned in 1829, having mastered French, Spanish, and Italian, but was unable to get a good grasp on German. Between then and 1834, Longfellow wrote and published elementary text-books in both French, and Spanish, but only a few more of his own pieces. Longfellow had been married, in 1831, and when, in 1824, he was offered a position with Harvard, the ‘Smith Professorship of French and Spanish Languages and Literature, he accepted. With this came another stipulation of traveling to Europe again to study German, this time he mastered that language as well. Sadly, however, his wife became ill and died in November, 1835, and though he spent the rest of the time studying, and mastering the German language, he was depressed and lonely. On his return, in 1836, he took up the duties at Harvard and was kept very busy, but retained his dream of writing prose, and bring his thoughts to the world. In his spare time, he managed to write short poems and, in 1839 published a short volume called ‘Voices of the Night’, and another, ‘Ballads and Other Poems’ , in 1841, which contained, the ‘Village Blacksmith’. The next year, Longfellow took a leave from Harvard, because of poor health, and again went abroad. On that trip, he met Charles Dickens and so empresses with his views on slavery, he composed seven short poems on the subject which were first published in 1842. For these poems alone he was offered a nomination to Congress, but refused In 1843, Longfellow married again, and settled down to a more stable life. It was then that his maturity began to show in his work. He published two more volumes of work, and began 'Evangeline’, in 1845. Dr. Page then writes, "On the last Day of 1845, Longfellow wrote in his Journal: ‘Peace to the embers of burnt-out things; fears, anxieties, doubts, all gone! I see them now as a thin blue smoke, hanging in the bright heaven of the past year, vanishing away into utter nothingness. Not many hopes deceive, not many illusions scattered, not many anticipations disappointed; but love fulfilled, the heart comforted, the soul enriched with affection!’ The first period of his life and writing was in fact finished, and his next fifteen years were to contain the largest and the most important part of his poetical work." Between 1845 and 1861, Longfellow produced the most of his poetic works: Evangeline’—1847; ‘Hiawatha’—1855; the ‘Courtship of Miles Standish’—1858, and many others. And during these years, his five children came and inspired, ‘Children’, and The Children’s Hour’. Though his home life prospered, his college life seemed stall, and after some literary success, he resign his possession at Harvard in 1854, and devoted his time to his writing. Many of the things he wrote about, he had no first-hand knowledge about, but got through his reading or listening to tales, and even from painting. The ‘Wreck of the Hesperus’, ‘Hiawatha’, and ‘Evangeline’ came to him in this way. 1861 brought tragedy to his house, when his wife was severely burn and died the next day, Longfellow, himself had been burned badly while trying to smother the fire on his wife’s dress and was confined to bed on the day of the funeral, which took place on their wedding anniversary. From that time on, he buried himself in his work, but his works were longer: ‘Tales of a Wayside Inn’; the ‘New England Tragedies’; and the ‘Divine Tragedy’, and began his sonnets. Again Dr. Page’s words. "Longfellow’s last years were made happier by the devotion of his own children, and by the love of all children who knew him—and it would seem that few in America, or even in England or Germany, did not know him. The story of his gift from the Cambridge schoolchildren on his seventy-second birthday, and of their constant visits to his home, is too well know to be repeated. His seventy-fifth birthday was celebrated in the schools throughout the United States, and was made memorable also by Whittier’s poem, ‘The Poet and the Children.’ He died not quite a month later, March 24, 1882." Longfellow’s life was that of a simple, faithful, true man and gentleman, kindly and home-loving. And that is what he has put into his verse. He has been well called ‘the laureate of the common human heart.’ He is first and most of all the poet of the home. There is not an aspect of home life that he has not touched and beautified. If mush of his poetry is mere commonplace, it is always the making beautiful of the commonplace.” Finally, Dr. Page writes, “Longfellow is the only American who has successfully written poems of any considerable length. The long poem is different from the short poem, as the novel is from the short story, not only in quantity, but in kind. The long poem is an entirely different literary class or genre. It is Longfellow’s distinctive glory that he had the patience and the sustained artistic power to win success in this difficult form,--a kind of success which is almost the rarest in literature, and second only to success in the true dramatic presentation of character and life.” I hope you enjoyed this short version of the biographical sketch of Longfellow’s life. Now, here are the three poems by Longfellow that I learnt as a child and still love to hear. [ Top]
Dr. Page's comments about this poem: "Longfellow at first called 'The Village Blacksmith' a 'new Psalm of Life,' but later it was included among the 'Ballads.' In 1876 the 'spreading chestnut-tree' was cut down to give room for the widening of Brattle Street, and from its wood was made the armchair presented to Longfellow by the schoolchildren of Cambridge. [ Top]
Dr. Page's wonderful notation on this poem is: "The ideal commentary on this poem is found in a letter of Longfellow's 'To Emily A——,' August 18,1859: 'Your letter followed me down here by the seaside, where I am passing the summer with my three little girls. The oldest is about your age; but as little girls' ages keep changing every year, I can never remember exactly how old she is, and have to ask her mamma, who has a better memory than I have. Her name is Alice; I never forget that. She is a nice girl, and loves poetry almost as much as you do. The second is Edith, with blue eyes and beautiful golden locks which I sometimes call her "Nankeen hair" to make her laugh. She is a very busy little woman, and wears gray boots. The youngest is Allegra; which, you know, means merry; and she is the merriest little thing you ever saw,—always singing and laughing all over the house.... I do not say anything about the two boys. They are such noisy fellows it is of no use to talk about them.' [ Top]
Dr. Page's comment: "Paul Rever's Ride is the first story in the 'Tales of a Wayside Inn', a series of tales in verse set in a frame-work something like that of Chaucer's 'Canterbury Tales', and supposed to be told by a group of friends gathered at the Red-Horse Inn at Sudbury, about twenty mile from Cambridge. The story of Paul Revere is told by the landlord, whose portrait is drawn in the 'Prelude:' of the 'Tales'" |
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