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THE CORBIERE DECISIONEQUALITY RIGHTS
The Supreme Court of Canada declared that the right to vote in First Nation elections under section 74 is a right that First Nation members cannot be excluded from, on the basis of living off the reserve. Most significantly, the Court declared that "aboriginality-residence" was a new ground for discrimination under section 15 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. At the same time, it noted that decisions of a Council are sometimes of a local or community nature only while others involve the interests of all citizens.
NOTE: If you haven't seen it yet, here is...
The INAC Newspaper Notice
· It is not yet clear what equality rights and the balancing of rights mean in many areas. This will prove to be of equal concern to all First Nations and could have potential liability for the Federal Government.
· The decision does not directly address the right to run for a seat on Council. It is possible that this will be subject to the same rules in the future.
(Note: Non-residents could always be nominated and run for Chief.)
· "Aboriginality-residence" is a new ground for discrimination under the Charter; First Nations may want to obtain advice on what areas of responsibility and activity would fall under this criterion.
· Amendments may be required in regards to regulations and procedures, both at the First Nation level to find a way to respect equality rights and to balance rights for members residing on and off reserve.
· First Nations should review all policies, by-laws, and codes (custom election and membership) and prepare to amend these to comply with Corbiere. They should also assess liability issues in this regard.
Click Here for Regulations Governing Indian Band Elections - Note the scheduling timeframes This is the link to "Indian Band Election Regulations (C.R.C., c. 952".as referred in the Indian Act.) |