Chewing
Chewing is normal for dogs. They chew to reduce boredom or tension. It gives them something to do. Dogs use their mouths like we use our hand.
There are many reason why a dog chews. Puppies chew when they are little to reduce teething. They sometimes chew everything around them from chair legs to shoes. Always keep an eye on a young puppy.
Chewing can also be caused by anxiety. They may chew when they are scared, bored, or left alone for a long period of time. Sometimes when a dog is punished harshly, they may chew to help them cope with anxiety.
To help you with stopping your dog from chewing, you have to first find the reason for the chewing. Once that is determined, you can work on stopping the chewing. Find a toy or bone that your dog likes and direct his chewing towards that. Praise him/her when he/she chews the right thing. It takes some time but in the long run, it'll help!
Never at anything hit your dog. If you do, your dog may become "hand shy" or worse a "fear bitter." This means, if your dog thinks you or someone else is going to hit or punish them, they may bite. Instead of hitting, use verbal punishments. Say "no" loudly and clap your hands.