International Declaration on Human Rights | ||||
In English: ABOUT ME OTHER |
PREAMBLEWhereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world, Whereas disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent of a world in which human beings shall enjoy freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has been proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the commonpeople, Whereas it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion against tyranny and oppression, that human rights should be protected by the rule of law, Whereas it is essential to promote the development of friendly relations between nations, Whereas the peoples of the United Nations have in the Charter reaffirmed their faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person and in the equal rights of men and women and have determined to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom, Whereas Member States have pledged themselves to achieve, in co-operation with the United Nations, the promotion of universal respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms, Whereas a common understanding of these rights and freedoms is of the greatest importance for the full realization of this pledge, Now, Therefore, THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY proclaims THIS UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS as a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to the end that every individual and every organ of society, keeping this Declaration constantly in mind, shall strive by teaching and education to promote respect for these rights and freedoms and by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance, both among the peoples of Member States themselves and among the peoples of territories under their jurisdiction. Article 1.All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. Article 2.Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty. Article 3.Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person. Article 4.No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms. Article 5.No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. Article 6.Everyone has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law. Article 7.All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal protection of the law. All are entitled to equal protection against any discrimination in violation of this Declaration and against any incitement to such discrimination. Article 8.Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by the competent national tribunals for acts violating the fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or by law. Article 9.No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile. Article 10.Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him. Article 11.(1) Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law in a public trial at which he has had all the guarantees necessary for his defence. (2) No one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act or omission which did not constitute a penal offence, under national or international law, at the time when it was committed Nor shall a heavier penalty be imposed than the one that was applicable at the time the penal offence was committed. Article 12.No one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to attacks upon his honour and reputation Everyone has the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks. Article 13.(1) Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence within the borders of each state. (2) Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country. Article 14.(1) Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution. (2) This right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely arising from non-political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations. Article 15.(1) Everyone has the right to a nationality. (2) No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality. Article 16.(1) Men and women of full age, without any limitation due to race, nationality or religion, have the right to marry and to found a family. They are entitled to equal rights as to marriage, during marriage and at its dissolution. (2) Marriage shall be entered into only with the free and full consent of the intending spouses. (3) The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled to protection by society and the State. Article 17.(1) Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in association with others. (2) No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property. Article 18.Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance. Article 19.Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers. Article 20.(1) Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association. (2) No one may be compelled to belong to an association. Article 21.(1) Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his country, directly or through freely chosen representatives. (2) Everyone has the right to equal access to public service in his country. (3) The will of the people shall be the basis of the authority of government; this shall be expressed in periodic and genuine elections which shall be by universal and equal suffrage and shall be held by secret vote or by equivalent free voting procedures. Article 22.Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled to realization, through national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with the organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality. Article 23.(1) Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favourable conditions of work and to protection against unemployment. (2) Everyone, without any discrimination, has the right to equal pay for equal work. (3) Everyone who works has the right to just and favourable remuneration ensuring for himself and his family an existence worthy of human dignity, and supplemented, if necessary, by other means of social protection. (4) Everyone has the right to form and to join trade unions for the protection of his interests. Article 24.Everyone has the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with pay. Article 25.(1) Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control. (2) Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance. All children, whether born in or out of wedlock, shall enjoy the same social protection. Article 26.(1) Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary education shall be compulsory. Technical and professional education shall be made generally available and higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit. (2) Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups, and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace. (3) Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall be given to their children. Article 27.(1) Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits. (2) Everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic production of which he is the author. Article 28.Everyone is entitled to a social and international order in which the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration can be fully realized. Article 29.(1) Everyone has duties to the community in which alone the free and full development of his personality is possible. (2) In the exercise of his rights and freedoms, everyone shall be subject only to such limitations as are determined by law solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and of meeting the just requirements of morality, public order and the general welfare in a democratic society. (3) These rights and freedoms may in no case be exercised contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations. Article 30.Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as implying for any State, group or person any right to engage in any activity or to perform any act aimed at the destruction of any of the rights and freedoms set forth herein PreámbuloConsiderando que la libertad, la justicia y la paz en el mundo tienen por base el reconocimiento de la dignidad intrínseca y de los derechos iguales e inalienables de todos los miembros de la familia humana, Considerando que el desconocimiento y el menosprecio de los derechos humanos han originado actos de barbarie ultrajantes para la conciencia de la humanidad; y que se ha proclamado, como la aspiración más elevada del hombre, el advenimiento de un mundo en que los seres humanos, liberados del temor y de la miseria, disfruten de la libertad de palabra y de la libertad de creencias, Considerando esencial que los derechos humanos sean protegidos por un régimen de Derecho, a fin de que el hombre no se vea compelido al supremo recurso de la rebelión contra la tiranía y la opresión, Considerando también esencial promover el desarrollo de relaciones amistosas entre las naciones, Considerando que los pueblos de las Naciones Unidas han reafirmado en la Carta su fe en los derechos fundamentales del hombre, en la dignidad y el valor de la persona humana y en la igualdad de derechos de hombres y mujeres; y se han declarado resueltos a promover el progreso social y a elevar el nivel de vida dentro de un concepto más amplio de la libertad, Considerando que los Estados Miembros se han comprometido a asegurar, en cooperación con la Organización de las Naciones Unidas, el respeto universal y efectivo a los derechos y libertades fundamentales del hombre, y Considerando que una concepción común de estos derechos y libertades es de la mayor importancia para el pleno cumplimiento de dicho compromiso, La Asamblea General Proclama la presente Declaración Universal de Derechos Humanos como ideal común por el que todos los pueblos y naciones deben esforzarse, a fin de que tanto los individuos como las instituciones, inspirándose constantemente en ella, promuevan, mediante la enseñanza y la educación, el respeto a estos derechos y libertades, y aseguren, por medidas progresivas de carácter nacional e internacional, su reconocimiento y aplicación universales y efectivos, tanto entre los pueblos de los Estados Miembros como entre los de los territorios colocados bajo su jurisdicción. Artículo 1Todos los seres humanos nacen libres e iguales en dignidad y derechos y, dotados como están de razón y conciencia, deben comportarse fraternalmente los unos con los otros. Artículo 2Toda persona tiene los derechos y libertades proclamados en esta Declaración, sin distinción alguna de raza, color, sexo, idioma, religión, opinión política o de cualquier otra índole, origen nacional o social, posición económica, nacimiento o cualquier otra condición. Además, no se hará distinción alguna fundada en la condición política, jurídica o internacional del país o territorio de cuya jurisdicción dependa una persona, tanto si se trata de un país independiente, como de un territorio bajo administración fiduciaria, no autónomo o sometido a cualquier otra limitación de soberanía. Artículo 3Todo individuo tiene derecho a la vida, a la libertad y a la seguridad de su persona. Artículo 4Nadie estará sometido a esclavitud ni a servidumbre; la esclavitud y la trata de esclavos están prohibidas en todas sus formas. Artículo 5Nadie será sometido a torturas ni a penas o tratos crueles, inhumanos o degradantes. Artículo 6Todo ser humano tiene derecho, en todas partes, al reconocimiento de su personalidad jurídica. Artículo 7Todos son iguales ante la ley y tienen, sin distinción, derecho a igual protección de la ley. Todos tienen derecho a igual protección contra toda discriminación que infrinja esta Declaración y contra toda provocación a tal discriminación. Artículo 8Toda persona tiene derecho a un recurso efectivo, ante los tribunales nacionales competentes, que la ampare contra actos que violen sus derechos fundamentales reconocidos por la constitución o por la ley. Artículo 9Nadie podrá ser arbitrariamente detenido, preso ni desterrado. Artículo 10Toda persona tiene derecho, en condiciones de plena igualdad, a ser oída públicamente y con justicia por un tribunal independiente e imparcial, para la determinación de sus derechos y obligaciones o para el examen de cualquier acusación contra ella en materia penal. Artículo 11
Artículo 12Nadie será objeto de injerencias arbitrarias en su vida privada, su familia, su domicilio o su correspondencia, ni de ataques a su honra o a su reputación. Toda persona tiene derecho a la protección de la ley contra tales injerencias o ataques. Artículo 13
Artículo 14
Artículo 15
Artículo 16
Artículo 17
Artículo 18Toda persona tiene derecho a la libertad de pensamiento, de conciencia y de religión; este derecho incluye la libertad de cambiar de religión o de creencia, así como la libertad de manifestar su religión o su creencia, individual y colectivamente, tanto en público como en privado, por la enseñanza, la práctica, el culto y la observancia. Artículo 19Todo individuo tiene derecho a la libertad de opinión y de expresión; este derecho incluye el no ser molestado a causa de sus opiniones, el de investigar y recibir informaciones y opiniones, y el de difundirlas, sin limitación de fronteras, por cualquier medio de expresión. Artículo 20
Artículo 21
Artículo 22Toda persona, como miembro de la sociedad, tiene derecho a la seguridad social, y a obtener, mediante el esfuerzo nacional y la cooperación internacional, habida cuenta de la organización y los recursos de cada Estado, la satisfacción de los derechos económicos, sociales y culturales, indispensables a su dignidad y al libre desarrollo de su personalidad. Artículo 23
Artículo 24Toda persona tiene derecho al descanso, al disfrute del tiempo libre, a una limitación razonable de la duración del trabajo y a vacaciones periódicas pagadas. Artículo 25
Artículo 26
Artículo 27
Artículo 28Toda persona tiene derecho a que se establezca un orden social e internacional en el que los derechos y libertades proclamados en esta Declaración se hagan plenamente efectivos. Artículo 29
Artículo 30Nada en la presente Declaración podrá interpretarse en el sentido de que confiere derecho alguno al Estado, a un grupo o a una persona, para emprender y desarrollar actividades o realizar actos tendientes a la supresión de cualquiera de los derechos y libertades proclamados en esta Declaración. UVODBUDUCI da su priznavanje urodenog dostojanstva i jednakih i neotudivih prava svih clanova ljudske obitelji temelj slobode, pravde i mira u svijetu, BUDUCI da su nepotivanje i preziranje prava covjeka imali za posljedicu akte, koji su grubo vrijedali savjest covjecanstva, i buduci da je stvaranje svijeta u kojem ce ljudska bica uivati slobodu govora i vjerovanja i slobodu od straha i nestaice bilo proglaeno kao najvia tenja obicnih ljudi, BUDUCI da je bitno da prava covjeka budu zasticena vladavinom prava, da covjek ne bude primoran da kao posljednjem sredstvu pribjegne pobuni protiv tiranije i ugnjetavanja, BUDUCI da je bitno da se unapreduje razvoj prijateljskih odnosa izmedu naroda, BUDUCI da su narodi Ujedinjenih nacija ponovo potvrdili u Povelji svoju vjeru u osnovna prava covjeka, u dostojanstvo i vrijednost covjekove osobe i u ravnopravnost mukaraca i ena i posto su odlucili da unapreduju drutveni napredak i bolji ivotni standard u iroj slobodi, BUDUCI da su se Drave Clanice obavezale da, u suradnji s Ujedinjenim nacijama, postignu unapredenje opceg potivanja covjekovih prava i osnovnih sloboda i njihovo odravanje, BUDUCI da je zajednicko razumijevanje tih prava i sloboda od najvece vanosti za puno ostvarenje te obaveze, GENERALNA SKUPSTINA PROGLAAVA OVU OPCU DEKLARACIJU O PRAVIMA COVJEKA kao zajednicko mjerilo postizanja za sve narode i sve drave radi toga da bi svaki organ drutva, imajuci Deklaraciju stalno na umu, teili da ucenjem i odgojem doprinesu potivanju ovih prava i sloboda i da bi progresivnim nacionalnim i medunarodnim mjerama osigurali njihovo opce i djelotvorno priznavanje i odravanje, kako medu narodima samih Drava Clanica, tako i medu narodima onih podrucja koja su pod njihovom ingerencijom.
Clan 1.Sva ljudska bica radaju se slobodna i jednaka u dostojanstvu i pravima. Ona su obdarena razumom i svijecu i treba da jedno prema drugome postupaju u duhu bratstva. Clan 2.Svakome su dostupna sva prava i slobode navedene u ovoj Deklaraciji bez razlike bilo koje vrste, kao sto su rasa, boja, spol, jezik, vjera, politicko ili drugo miljenje, narodonosno ili drutveno porijeklo, imovina, rodenje ili drugi pravni poloaj. Nadalje, ne smije se ciniti bilo kakva razlika na osnovu politickog, pravnog ili medunarodnog poloaja zemlje ili podrucja kojima neka osoba pripada, bilo da je ovo podrucje nezavisno, pod starateljstvom, nesamoupravno, ili da se nalazi ma pod kojim drugim ogranicenjima suverenosti. Clan 3.Svako ima pravo na ivot, slobodu i osobnu sigurnost. Clan 4.Niko ne smije biti dran u ropstvu ili ropskom odnosu; ropstvo i trgovina robljem zabranjuje se u svim njihovim oblicima. Clan 5.Niko ne smije biti podvrgnut mucenju ili okrutnom, necovjecnom ili poniavajucem postupku ili kanjavanju. Clan 6.Svako ima pravo da se svagdje pred zakonom priznaje kao osoba. Clan 7.Svi su pred zakonom jednaki i imaju pravo, bez ikakve diskriminacije, na jednaku zatitu zakona. Svi imaju pravo na jednaku zatitu protiv bilo kakve diskriminacije kojom se kri ova Deklaracija i protiv svakog podsticanja na takvu diskriminaciju. Clan 8.Svako ima pravo na djelotvorna pravna sredstva putem nadlenih nacionalnih sudova zbog djela kojima se kre osnovna prava koja su mu dodijeljena u Ustavu ili zakonu. Clan 9.Niko ne smije biti podvrgnut samovoljnom hapenju, zatvoru ili izgonu. Clan 10.Svako ima pravo da ga u punoj jednakosti poteno i javno saslua nezavisan i nepristran sud radi utvrdivanja njegovih prava i obaveza i bilo kakve krivicne optube protiv njega. Clan 11.
Clan 12.Niko na smije biti izvrgnut samovoljnom mijeanju u njegov privatni zivot, obitelj, dom ili prepisku, niti napadajima na njegovu cast i ugled. Svako ima pravo na zatitu zakona protiv ovakvom mijeanju ili napadu. Clan 13.
Clan 14.
Clan 15.
Clan 16.
Clan 17.
Clan 18.Svako ima pravo na slobodu misli, savjesti i vjere; to pravo ukljucuje slobodu promijeniti svoju vjeru ili vjerovanje i slobodu da se, bilo pojedinacno ili u zajednici s drugima, javno ili privatno, ispoljava vjera ili vjerovanje ucenjem, vrenjem, obredima i odravanjem. Clan 19.Svako ima pravo na slobodu miljenja i izraavanja; ovo pravo ukljucuje slobodu miljenja bez tudeg miljenja a isto tako i traenje, primanje i saopcavanje obavjetenja i ideja bilo kojim sredstvima i bez obzira na granice. Clan 20.
Clan 21.
Clan 22.Svako, kao clan drustva, ima pravo na socijalno osiguranje i pravo da ostvaruje ekonomska, socijalna i kulturna prava neophodna za svoje dostojanstvo i za razvoj svoje licnosti putem dravne pomoci i medunarodne suradnje a u skladu s organizacijom i sredstvima svake drave. Clan 23.
Clan 24.Svako ima pravo na odmor i dokolicu ukljucujuci razumno ogranicenje radnih sati i periodicne placene praznike. Clan 25.
Clan 26.
Clan 27.
Clan 28.Svako ima pravo na drutveni i medunarodni poredak u kojem prava i slobode izloene u ovoj Deklaraciji mogu biti potpuno ostvarene. Clan 29.
Clan 30.Nita se u ovoj Deklaraciji ne moe tumaciti kao pravo ma koje drave, skupine ili osobe da sudjeluje u bilo kojoj djelatnosti ili da vri bilo kakvu djelatnost usmjerenu na unitavanje bilo kojih ovdje izloenih prava i sloboda. |
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