Exodus
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Powerpoint for this teaching here.
Page created October 3, 2003. Updated March 29, 2008
"Jesus Christ our Redeemer, our Passover Lamb"
Author: Moses (means "drawn forth," "taken from water")
Moses, who wrote the first five books of the Bible, called the Torah or Pentateuch, is specifically mentioned as author of Exodus in Exodus 17:14; 24:3-4; 34:27). Other Old and New Testament writers attest to Moses' authorship (Malachi 4:4; John 1:45; Romans 10:5). Jesus himself recognizes Mosaic authorship of the Torah (Mark 7:10; 12:26; Luke 20:37; John 5:46-47; 7:19-23).
Moses (March 6, 1543 BC - March 6, 1423 BC) was the youngest son of Hebrew slaves Amram (c.1625 - 1488 BC) and Jochebed (born 1591 BC ), of the family of Kohath (Exodus 2:1-4, 10-21; Acts 7:20-38; Hebrews 11:24-25). Amram was Levi's grandson (Numbers 26:58); Jochebed was Amram's aunt, sister of Kohath (Numbers 26:59; Exodus 6:20).
Born in Egypt after a royal decree of partial birth abortion against all male babies, Moses was rescued from the Nile River (as sacrifice to gods of Nile (Sothis) and the crocodile god (Sobek)) by none other than the bathing daughter of Pharaoh. As an adopted Egyptian prince, Moses was given the best university training in the world (Acts 7:22). Moses became an historian, orator, leader, statesman, legislator, and patriot. The most important thing on his resume, though, was "friend of God" (Exodus 33:11).
The Egyptian Prince Moses fled Egypt at age 40 after murdering an Egyptian taskmaster for beating Moses' fellow Israelite. Moses went to Midian and took a job working for Jethro, a Midianite priest, as a shepherd, the occupation of Israelites. Sheep herding was considered the lowest of occupations among the affluent and royal Egyptians, but Moses embraced it as a return to his cultural roots (Hebrews 11:24-25). Moses had a multi-cultural family, a Midianite wife named Zipporah and two multi-cultural sons. He remained in Midian until his call from the Burning Bush at age eighty. By this time the long reign of Thutmose III was over, and a young, arrogant Amenhotep II had come to power with whom he would have to deal in "letting my people go" (Exodus 5:1).
Moses spent a lot of time learning to control his temper (Exodus 2:11-13; 11:8; 32:19-20; Numbers 20:10-11). The coddling of his royal upbringing probably contributed to his shortened temper, but it took forty years on the backside of the Midian desert herding sheep to prepare him to shepherd God's chosen people Israel. He was not even prepared to begin God's work until age 80 when miracles and national leadership became part of his everyday experience. At age 120, after delivering the awesome sermons of Deuteronomy and still in great health, Moses was kissed to sleep and God buried him, the only man to have God as his undertaker (Deuteronomy 34:6-7).
Location & Date: Written probably between (c. 1462-1422 BC)
Moses probably wrote Exodus and the rest of the Torah during Israel's forty years of wandering in the desert. Exodus is the sequel to Genesis. It is difficult to be dogmatic about the chronology of the patriarchal period. We will make an attempt that probably could be criticized by someone, but an attempt nonetheless. The Exodus occurred 144 years after Genesis 50 when Joseph died (1606 BC). Exodus 12:40-41 mentions a 430 year sojourn. This sojourn began with the beginning of Abraham's time in Canaan (1892 BC) to the Exodus (1462 BC). Israel had grown from 70 persons to a nation of two to three million, beginning the fulfillment of God's promise to Abraham: "I will make of thee a great nation" (Genesis 12:2). By 1580 BC, with the rise of a new Egyptian dynasty, Egyptian oppression began for Israel, but hard oppression, difficult slavery, and genocide of male babies began 1542 BC, about the time Moses was born.
Key Message/Verse: EXODUS 20:2
1- BIRTH OF THE NATION OF ISRAEL - Genesis is a family history. Exodus is a national history. Exodus means "way out." Exodus begins with a conjunction translated "Now" but more accurately should be "And." It picks up where Genesis left off. Genesis is about the failure of human beings. Exodus is about the redemption of human beings. Exodus begins in gloom and ends in glory, starts in ruin and ends in redemption.
Birth of Israel as a nation, its "way out" Exodus is the birth canal of Israel. Midwives story at beginning is foreshadowing of birth of Israel.
2- REDEMPTION IN THE PASSOVER - Pivotal Point in Exodus (Chapter 12)
Genesis 12: Abrahamic Covenant - Exodus 12: Passover
Redemption of Israel - BY BLOOD AND BY POWER Hebrews 11:23-29
Death of a Spotless Lamb - Exodus 12:3; Hebrews 9:28; Isaiah 53:6-7; John 19:14; 1 Corinthians 5:7
Sprinkle the Blood - Exodus 12:13, 22; John 1:12; Hebrews 9:22; Revelation 5:5-6
Eat the Lamb - Exodus 12:3
Remove Leaven - Exodus 12:8, 15, 19; Psalm 139:23-24; Matthew 16:6; 1 Corinthians 5:7
Bitter Herbs - Exodus 12:8;; Isaiah 53:5,10
Ready to Leave - Exodus 12:11; 13:8.
3- SPIRITUAL WARFARE
Plagues - Exodus 7-11; each a defeat of another Egyptian principality Exodus 12:12
Passover - Prophetic Act; Defeat of Egypt's highest principality, Osiris, the god of the Dead, a demonic spirit of death.
4- DEATH, BURIAL, RESURRECTION (DBR)
Midwives (Exodus 1:15-22); Moses - "draw out" (Exodus 2:10); Red Sea "Yam Suph" Sea of Reeds (Exodus 14); Holiness, Sanctification (Psalm 144; Revelation 12)
GOLDEN CALF (APIS BULL) False DBR
5- THE TEN COMMANDMENTS LAW
Exodus 20:1-17 : God's mirror reveals but doesn't cleanse.
Although given over 3000 years ago, they are still relevant today. The Ten Commandments (or Decalogue) are divided into two sections. The first four govern our relationship with God. The final six handle our relationships with other people. Jesus referred to this in His declaration of the sum of the Law: Matthew 22:36-40. Jesus fully endorsed the ten commandments (Matthew 5:17). Below are the Ten Commandments and Jesus' similar statements.
1- Trust God only (Exodus 20:3-4; Matthew 4:10).
2- Worship God only (Exodus 20:5-6; Luke 16:13).
3- Use God's name in ways that honor Him (Exodus 20:7; Matthew 5:34).
4- Rest on the Sabbath day and think about God (Exodus 20:8-11; Mark 2:27-28).
5- Respect and obey your parents and heritage (Exodus 20:12; Matthew 10:37).
6- Protect and respect human life (Exodus 20:13; Matthew 5:22).
7- Be true to your husband or wife (Exodus 20:14; Matthew 5:28).
8- Do not take what belongs to others (Exodus 20:15; Matthew 5:40).
9- Do not lie about others (Exodus 20:16; Matthew 12:36).
10- Be satisfied with what you have (Exodus 20:17; Luke 12:15).
The Code of Hammurabi, an ancient Babylonian law code, is similar to the Ten Commandments. The Hebrew Law, however, shows a high view of God: His person, His holiness, and His requirements of His people
6- TABERNACLE: Exodus 25:8; 40:38
A portable worship center made essentially as a tented dwelling for YHWH. The Tabernacle served Israel for nearly five centuries until Solomon built the first Temple.
Outer Court Here is found the
Holy Place Here was located the
Holy of Holies
(Moses a type of Christ our Deliverer)
(Passover a picture of Chris our Redeemer who delivers us by His Blood and Power)
(Seven experiences of Christian life -- Seven the number of completion)
Key: Exodus 19:5-6; 20; Hebrews 12:18-24
Key: Exodus 25:8; 40:38 ; Moses on Mount Sinai during this time (Exodus 24:12-18)
Sources: Herbert Lockyer, All the Men of the Bible; J. Vernon McGee, Briefing the Bible; Henrietta Mears, What the Bible is All About; Nelson's
Complete
Book of Bible Maps & Charts; The
Reese Chronological Bible; Larry Richards, The Bible
Readers Companion; Tyndale
Handbook of Bible Charts and Maps;
GRAPHICS: Feti, Moses
Before the Burning Bush: http://gallery.euroweb.hu/art/f/feti/moses.jpg
CHRONOLOGICALLY SPEAKING (dates taken from Reese Chronological Bible)
April 5, 1892 BC Beginning of 430 year Sojourn in Canaan & Egypt - 215 years (Exodus 12:40-41; Genesis 12:4; Galatians 3:17)1862 BC Beginning of 400 year of Genesis 15:13; Acts 7:6 - Hagar/Ishmael cast out, Covenant at Beersheba (Genesis 21
1677 BC Beginning of Israel's Sojourn in Egypt - 215 years (Genesis 46)
1606 BC Joseph dies (Genesis 50; Exodus 1:6)
1580 BC Bondage, oppression begins
c. 1548 BC Miriam born
August 1, 1546 BC Aaron born (Exodus 7:7)
1542 BC Hard bondage, genocide of boys begins - to last 80 years until Moses returns to Egypt (Deuteronomy 26:6; Acts 7:6-37)
March 6, 1542 BC Moses born, hidden March to June
June 1542 BC Moses found by Egyptian royalty
1502 BC Moses slays Egyptian, runs to Midian, marries Zipporah
1488 BC Amram dies
1463 BC Burning Bush
March 6, 1463 BC Confronts Pharaoh first time
March 7, 1463 BC Rods turn to serpents
March 8 - April 15, 1463/2 BC Ten Plagues (remember Israel's year is April to March, not January to December)
Friday, April 15, 1462 BC First Passover (note day of week & Good Friday)
Sunday, April 17, 1462 BC Crossing of Red Sea (note day of week & Resurrection)
May 15, 1462 BC Manna, Quail Provided (Exodus 16:1-21)
May 24, 1462 BC Water from Rock Horeb (Exodus 17:2-7)
May 26-30, 1462 BC Jethro's Visit to Moses (Exodus 18)
June 15, 1462 BC Arrive at Mount Sinai (Exodus 19:1-2); Ten Commandments, Tabernacle instructions (Exodus 20 - 31)
July 16-17, 1462 BC Golden Calf (Exodus 32)
August 30 - March 1462 BC Tabernacle built (Exodus 34-39)
April 1-7, 1461 BC Tabernacle completed, dedicated (Exodus 40; Numbers 8, 7
April 8, 1461 BC Service of Priest begins (Numbers 8, much of Leviticus)
Thursday April 14, 1461 BC First Passover Celebration (Numbers 9)
May 1, 1461 BC Census of the Men (603,550) (Numbers 1)
May 20 - June 29 , 1461 BC From Mount Sinai to Kadesh-Barnea
August 8, 1461 BC Spies Return (Numbers 13)
August 9, 1461 - August 14, 1422 BC Wandering in Wilderness (Numbers 14ff)
August 1, 1423 BC Aaron Dies at age 123; national mourning until August 30 (Numbers 20:23-29; 33:38-39; Deuteronomy 10:6-7
September 1423 BC Serpent of Brass (Numbers 21:5-9)
February 1 - March 5, 1423 BC Review of Jewish Law, History (Deuteronomy)
March 6, 1423 BC Moses dies on 120th birthday.
April
10, 1422 BC Crossing of Jordan
THE EXODUS: A
LOGISTICAL NIGHTMARE Two to three million people require each day: 1500 tons of food 4000 tons of wood 11 million gallons of water To Cross the Red (Reed) Sea in one night: At double file, it would take 800 mile line 35 days to cross, so the Red Sea must have been at least 3 miles wide so that they could get the 5000 abreast needed to pass through in one night. Encampment: 2/3 size of Rhode Island: 750 square miles Laurens County is 713 square miles |
EVERY WORK GOD
DOES Begins in Prayer Exodus 1-6 (Exodus 2:23-25; 3:7-10; 5:17;6:2-5; 9:16; Romans 9:17) Continues in Warfare Exodus 7-11 Until Deliverance Comes Exodus 12-15 (Passover – Exodus 12; 14:14; 15:3; Psalm 144) Results in Holiness and new place of Maturity Exodus 16-24 Ends in Worship Exodus 25-40 |
MOSES &
JESUS PARALLELS Both nearly killed as infants in genocide of male babies (Exodus 2:2-10; Matthew 2:14-15) Both fasted forty days (Exodus 34:28; Matthew 4:2) Both controlled the sea (Exodus 14:21; Matthew 8:6) Both fed a multitude (Exodus 16:26; Matthew 14:20-21) Both had a radiant face (Exodus 34:35; Matthew 17:2) Both endured complaining (Exodus 15:24; Mark 7:2) Both dishonored at home (Numbers 12:1; John 7:5) Both were /are mighty intercessors (Exodus 32:32; John 17) Both were prophets of the word of God (Deuteronomy 18:18; John 7:46) Both had seventy associates (Numbers 11:16-17; Luke 10:1) Both established memorials (Exodus 12:14; Luke 22:19) Both established a blood covenant between God & people (Exodus 12:13; Ephesians 2:13) Both accomplished great redemption (Exodus 12; Romans 3:24; Ephesians 1:7) Both reappeared after death (Matthew 17:3; Acts 1:3) |
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