1. Chemistry multiple choice: Given that an atom follows Bohr's model, how much energy would you need to remove the electron from a hydrogen atom in its ground state? w) 6.63 x 10^-34 J x) 5.44 x 10^-19 J y) 2.72 x 10^-18 J z) 2.99 x 10^-8 J Correct answer: y) 2. Chemistry multiple choice: The Chinese mastered the art of fireworks well before 1000 A.D. They produced red flames, using the oxidizer: w) sulfur. (fuel) x) potassium nitrate. y) potassium chlorate. (green flame) z) ammonium perchlorate. (yellow flame) correct answer: x) 3. Chemistry short answer: For the hydrogen 1s orbital, the maximum radial probability occurs at a radial distance of 5.29 x 10^-2 nm (also the distance of the innermost orbit in the Bohr's model). What is its distance in terms of Angstroms? Correct answer: 0.529 Å 4. Chemistry multiple choice: The definition of the radial probability distribution most often used by scientists to describe the size of the hydrogen 1s orbital is the raidus of the sphere that encloses what % of the total electron probability? w) 100% x) 95% y) 90% z) 85% correct answer: y) 5. Chemistry multiple choice: Aside from mercury, the metal with the lowest melting point is: w) Lithium. x) cesium y) thalium. z) gallium. Correct answer: z) 6. Chemistry multiple choice: A radioactive oxygen of atomic mass 15 and atomic number 8 emits a positron to become: w) Nitrogen of atomic mass 14 and number 7. x) Nitrogen of atomic mass 15 and number 7. y) Oxygen of atomic mass 14 and number 8. z) Fluorine of atomic mass 14 and number 9. Correct answer: x) 7. Physics short answer: Two satellites, A and B, are put into circular orbit at the same altitude above the Earth's surface. The mass of satellite B is twice the mass of satellite A. If you are given that the period of satellite A is 4 hours, then the period of satellite B is: w) 1 hour. x) 4 hours. y) 8 hours. z) 16 hours. Correct answer: x) 8. Physics multiple choice: During Young's double slit exeriment, coherent light passes through two narrow slits and produces a pattern of alternating bright and dark lines on a screen. Which of the following would cause the bright lines on the screen to be further apart? w) increasing the distance between the slits. x) decreasing the distance between the slits. y) decreasing the wavelength of the light. z) increasing the distance between the slits and decreasing the wavelength. Correct answer: x) When two light beams interact they create interference which can be constructive or destructive as we have discussed earlier. The places where constructive and destructive interference occur are subject to constant change, since em waves emitted are capable of varying phase. Using one light source and splitting it into two beams you can create two coherent sources, meaning they are of identical frequencies and have a constant phase difference (the distance between a peak of wave 1 and wave 2 is always the same) It is also important to use monochromatic light for this experiment as the location of interference occurs is wavelength dependent. The apparatus consists of a source matching the above requirements, a screen with two very thin identical slits or the order of a wavelength in width, and a screen to view the interference on. In principle, a light bulb, or lamp can be used, but the light must be reduced to a monochromtic source with filters. It can also be done by splitting the light into its various frequencies using a prism, a frequency can be selcted by channeling the light with a further screen with only a pin prick in it to allow the light out. These days lasers are used to provide the light source. When the light is switched on, it travels up to the first screen and is split into two beams by the slits, we have seen that when this happens waves are diffracted and bulge outwards causing two curved wavefronts to propagate the other side of the slits, at many places between the slits and the viewing screen there are areas of constructive interference and by moving the viewing screen it is possible to get a picture of where they are occuring. 9. Physics short answer: At a point directly east of a negative point charge, the electric field points in what direction? Correct answer: west. 10. Physics multiple choice: When a positive electrically charged glass rod is brought near a neutral hollow metal sphere suspended by an insulating string, the sphere will be attracted to the rod because: w) the rod is much larger than the sphere. x) the rod removes electron from the sphere. y) the electric charge produces a magnetic field to attract the sphere. z) the charge on the rod causes a separation of charge in the sphere. Correct answer: z) 11. Physics multiple choice: If you are given three 1.0 ohm resistors, which of the following equivalent resistances can you NOT produce with all three resistors? w) 3.0 ohm. x) 1.5 ohm. y) 1 ohm. z) 1/3 ohm. Correct answer: y) 12. Physics multiple choice: Specular reflection occurs whenever light is incident on w) a smooth surface. x) a rough surface. y) a boundary between high index of refraction and low index of refraction materials. z) a boundary between any two transparent substances, regardless of index of refraction. Correct answer: w) 13. Physics short answer: An object near the surface of the earth with a weight of 100 newtons is accelerated upwards at 4 m/s^2. What is the net force on the object? (if gravity = 10 m/s^2) correct answer: 40 m/s^2 14. Physics multiple choice: The average signal to noise ratio for a particular tape recorder is 50 decibels. This would imply that the loudness of an average reproduced signal is how many times louder than the loudness of the tape noise? w) 50 times. x) 625 times. y) 2500 times. z) 100,000 times. Correct answer: z) decibels = 10 log10(ratio) 50/10 = 5. 10^5= 100000 15. Chemistry multiple choice: The reaction of potassium with water is much more vigorous than the reaction of lithium with water BECAUSE: w) the potassium has a lower melting point and hence larger area of contact. x) the hydration energy of potassium is greater than the hydration energy of Lithium and hence a greater exothermic reaction. y) potassium is the best reducing agent and hence the reaction is more prolific. z) lithium has a greater charge density and hence less affinity for hydrogen. Correct answer: w) 16. Chemistry multiple choice: The ratio of the effusion rates of two gases is equal to the ratio of the: w) volumes of the gases. x) molar masses of the gases. y) molar weights of the gases. z) rate at which they hit the walls of the container. Correct answer: x) 17. Chemistry multiple choice: The VSEPR Model is useful for predicting the geometries of molecules formed from: w) non-metals. x) metals. y) metalloids. z) elements of group 1A and 2A, correct answer: w) 18. Chemistry short answer: What is the VSEPR model an acronym for? Valence shell electron-pair repulsion model.
General Science Short Answer: Which amino acid in turkey meat supposedly acts as a natural sedative? Correct answer: Tryptophan (thank you Kailim) General Science Multiple Choice: Such birds as the Australian brush-turkeys are mistaken for turkeys but actually belong to the larger group of Megapodes. This is in reference to the birds': w) habit of buildings mounds to bury eggs in. x) tendency to live in colonies of hundreds of birds. y) colorful plumage used to attract mates. z) usual habitat around mountains. Correct answer: w) Biology mult choice: In this technique, genetic material is injected into a cell by means of liposomes which are vesicles that can easily merge with the cell membrane since they are both made of a phospholipid bilayers. What is it called? w) liposome injection. x) liposome transfection. y) liposome microinjection. z) liposome-membrane transformation. Correct answer: x) Biology short answer: Which principle states that under certain conditions, after one generation of random mating, the genotype frequencies at a single gene (or locus) will become fixed at a particular equilibrium value? Correct answer: Hardy-Weinberg principle. Biology multiple choice: The cheekbone is situated at the upper and lateral part of the face: it forms the prominence of the cheek, part of the lateral wall and floor of the orbit, and parts of the temporal and infratemporal fossae What is its scientific name? w) squama. x) sphenoid. y) zygoma. z) palatine. Correct answer: y) Biology multiple choice: Which cell count tends to be elevated when an individual has an allergy or parasitic worms? w) natural killer cells.. x) erythrocytes y) eosinophil z) basophils Biology multiple choice: Though the risks of smoking tobacco most often pertain to diseases associated with the respiratory system or the cancer caused by tobacco's innumerable carcinogens, tobacco smoking has also been cited as the primary cause of Buergher's disease. It causes acute inflammation and thrombosis (clotting) of arteries and veins in what part of the body? w) feet. x) brain. y) crotch. z) limbs. Correct answer: w) Bio short answer: A clogging of the bile duct interferes with the digestion of what category of food? Correct answer: fats/lipids/fat soluble vitamins. Biology short answer: Galvani, the namesake of the of the galvanic cell is credited as the founder of what interdisciplinary branch of science after his famous frog experiment? Correct answer: Biophysics. Galvani's investigations led shortly to the invention of an early battery, but not by Galvani, who did not perceive electricity as separable from biology. Galvani saw electricity instead as the essence or the stuff itself of life, which he regarded vitalistically. Thus it was Volta who built the first battery, which became known therefore as a voltaic pile. While, as Galvani believed, all life is indeed electrical--in that all living things are made of cells and every cell has a cell potential--biological electricity has the same chemical underpinnings as the flow of current between electrochemical cells, and thus can be recapitulated in a way outside the body. Volta's intuition was correct as well. Earth Science multiple choice: In which state can large numbers of drumlins be found? w) Oregon. x) Minnesota. y) California. z) Wisconsin. Correct answer: z) Earth Science short answer: The rapid rise of coastal water that accompanies the arrival of a cyclone is known as: Correct answer: storm surge. Earth Science short answer: Lead oxide, a lead-gray ore of lead, is more commonly known as what mineral? Correct answer: galena Earth Science multiple choice: Who was considered the first modern geologist for proposing the theory that the Earth must be much older than had previously been supposed in order to allow enough time for mountains to be eroded and for sediment to form new rocks at the bottom of the sea, which in turn were raised up to become dry land? w) Aristotle. x) Sir Charles Lyell y) Nicholas Steno. z) James Hutton. Correct answer: z) Earth Science multiple choice: When considering the principle of Faunal Succession in geology, which of the following conditions does not cause the conclusions drawn by the principle to become more uncertain? w) specificities of certain climate conditions. x) the uncertainties of fossilization. y) the localization of fossil types due to lateral changes in habitat. z) not all fossils may be found globally at the same time. Correct answer: w) Earth science multiple choice: Which physical phenomenon is often applied in the search for petroleum reservoirs? w) gravitational attraction. x) magnetic field distortions. y) natural radioactive decay of minerals. z) acoustic wave transmission and reflection. Correct answer: z) Earth Science short: This geological time period of North America occurred during the larger Carboniferous period and between the Devonian and the Pennsylvanian and the interval's deposits consists primarily of marine limestones. What is the period called? Correct answer: Mississippian period. Earth Science multiple choice: The large coal deposits of the Carboniferous did not owe their existence to what factor? w) The appearance of bark bearing trees x) The further exploitation of the land by certain tetrapods. y) The lower sea levels that occurred during the period. z) The extensive burial of organically produced carbon leading to a buildup of surplus oxygen increading chances of wildfires. Correct answer: x)