In the name of Allah most
gracious most merciful
Assalaamu alaykum wa
rahmatuallahi wa barakatahu
23:97 And say: "O my Lord! I seek refuge with Thee from the
suggestions of the Evil Ones;
The below verses were revealed
first.
96:Yusuf Ali Proclaim! (or
Read!) in the name of thy Lord and Cherisher Who created
Pickthall Read: In the name of
thy Lord who createth
So “bismilla “ with “hir rahman nir rahim “ was included
& recited before every Surah except one Surah Taubah.
27:30 "It is from Solomon and is (as follows): `In the name of
Allah Most Gracious Most Merciful:
So out of 114 Suran’s present
in Quran only one Surah does’nt begins with Bismillah,its Surah Taubah 9.In
this Surah ,Allah subhanawatala is angry with the pagans (followers of
polythestic religion/one who has little or no religion) & his anger is
expressed in the absence of “Bismillah
“
---------------------------
Allah subhanawatala gave then three options in foutr months
duration of time.
1.Either be ready to be killed
by muslims because they broke the[ 9.5]
2. They should accept faith [
9.11]
3.Order is given to pagans to
vacate the holy place & not to visit it ever aftrer [9.28]
As Allah subhanawatala destroyed
the people of previous times who rejected their prophets ,in the same way these
pagans were given the warning for punishment.
Surah Taubah Introduction
---------------------------
This Surah comprises three
discourses. The first discourse (vv. 1-37), was revealed in Zil-Qa'adah A.H. 9
or thereabout. As the importance of the subject of the discourse required its
declaration on the occasion of Hajj the Holy Prophet despatched Hadrat Ali to
follow Hadrat Abu Bakr, who had already left for Makkah as leader of the
Pilgrims to the Ka'abah. He instructed Hadrat Ali to deliver the discourse
before the representatives of the different clans of Arabia so as to inform
them of the new policy towards the mushriks.
The second discourse (v.,
38-72) was sent down in Rajab A.H. 9 or a little before this, when the Holy
Prophet was engaged in making preparations for the Campaign of Tabuk. In this
discourse, the Believers were urged to take active part in jihad, and the shirkers
were severely rebuked for holding back their wealth and for hesitation to
sacrifice their lives in the way of Allah because of their hypocrisy, weak
faith or negligence.
The third discourse (v. 73-I
29) was revealed on his return from the Campaign of Tabuk. There are some
pieces in this discourse that were sent down on different occasions during the
same period and were afterwards consolidated by the Holy Prophet into the Surah
in accordance with inspiration from Allah. But this caused no interruption in its
continuity because they dealt with the same subject and formed part of the same
series of events. This discourse warns the hypocrites of their evil deeds and
rebukes those Believers who had stayed behind in the Campaign of Tabuk. Then
after taking them to task, Allah pardons those true Believers who had not taken
part in the Jihad in the Way of Allah for one reason or the other.
Chronologically, the first discourse should have come last; but being the most
important of the three in regard to its subject-matter, it was placed first in
the order of compilation.
Conquest of Arabia
The first was the Conquest of
Arabia. The Holy Prophet was able to send missions among different clans for
the propagation of Islam. The result was that during the short period of two
years, it became such a great power that it made the old order of ignorance
feel helpless before it. So much so that the zealous elements from among the
Quraish were so exasperated that they broke the Treaty in order to encounter
Islam in a decisive combat. But the Holy Prophet took prompt action after the
breach so as not to allow them any opportunity to gather enough force for this.
He made a sudden invasion on Makkah in the month of Ramadan in A H. 8 and
conquered it. Though this conquest broke the backbone of the order of
ignorance, it made still another attack on Islam in the battlefield of Hunain,
which proved to be its death-knell. The clans of Hawazin Thaqif, Naur, Jushm
and others gathered their entire forces in the battlefield in order to crush
the reformative Revolution, but they utterly failed in their evil designs. The
defeat of 'ignorance' at Hunain paved the way for making the whole of Arabia
the 'Abode of Islam' (Dar-ul-Islam). The result was that hardly a year had
passed after the Battle of Hunain, when the major portion of Arabia came within
the fold of Islam and only a few upholders of the old order remained scattered
over some corners of the country.
The second event that
contributed towards making Islam a formidable power was the Campaign of Tabuk,
which was necessitated by the provocative activities of the Christians living
within or near the boundaries of the Roman Empire to the north of Arabia.
Accordingly, the Holy Prophet, with an army of thirty thousand marched boldly
towards the Roman Empire but the Romans evaded the encounter. The result was
that the power of the Holy Prophet and Islam increased manifold and deputations
from all corners of Arabia began to wait upon him on his return from Tabuk in
order to offer their allegiance to Islam and obedience to him. The Holy Quran
has described this triumph in Surah An-Nisa: "When the succour of Allah
came and victory was attained and you saw people entering the fold of Islam in
large numbers...
Surah Taubah
9:Yusuf Ali 1: A (declaration)
of immunity from Allah and His apostle to those of the pagans with whom ye have
contracted mutual alliances.
Pickthall Freedom from
obligation (is proclaimed) from Allah and His messenger toward those of the
idolaters with whom ye made a treaty:
*Note:[Pagans broke the treaty
so this was revealed]
2
Go
ye then for four months backwards and forwards (as ye will) throughout the land
but know ye that ye cannot frustrate Allah (by your falsehood) but that Allah
will cover with shame those who reject him.[*Note:Four months time is given to
them]
3 And an announcement from Allah and His apostle to the
people (assembled) on the day of the Great Pilgrimage that Allah and His
apostle dissolve (treaty) obligations with the pagans. If then ye repent it were best for you; but
if ye turn away know ye that ye cannot frustrate Allah. And proclaim a grievous penalty to those who
reject faith.*[Note:Chance for repentence is given to them]
4 (But the treaties are) not dissolved with those pagans with
whom Ye have entered into alliance and who have not subsequently failed you in
aught nor aided anyone against you. So
fulfil your engagements with them to the end of their term: for Allah loveth
the righteous.
5 But when the forbidden months are past then fight and slay
the pagans wherever ye find them and seize them beleaguer them and lie in wait
for them in every stratagem (of war); but if they repent and establish regular
prayers and practice regular charity then open the way for them: for Allah is
Oft-Forgiving Most Merciful. *Note:[Slay because they broke the treaty or
they should accept faith]
6 If one amongst the pagans ask thee for asylum grant it to
him so that he may hear the word of Allah and then escort him to where he can
be secure: that is because they are men without knowledge.
*Note:[Chance given to
understand Faith]
9:11 But (even so) if they repent establish regular prayers and
practice regular charity they are your brethren in faith: (thus) do We explain
signs in detail for those who understand.
*Note:[Forgiveness to those
who accept Faith]
9:17 It is not for such as join gods with Allah to visit or maintain
the mosques of Allah while they witness against their own souls to
infidelity. The works of such bear no
fruit: in fire shall they dwell.
18
The
mosques of Allah shall be visited and maintained by such as believe in Allah
and the Last Day establish regular prayers and practice regular charity and
fear none (at all) except Allah. It is
they who are expected to be on true guidance.
*Note: [The right to maintain
mosques given believers]
9;28 O ye who believe! truly the pagans are unclean; so let them not
after this year of theirs approach the Sacred Mosque. And if ye fear poverty soon will Allah enrich you if He wills out
of his bounty for Allah is All-Knowing All-Wise. [Order is given to the pagans
to vacate the Holy place & not to visit it everafter.
29 Fight those who believe not in Allah nor the Last Day nor hold
that forbidden which hath been forbidden by Allah and His apostle nor
acknowledge the religion of truth (even if they are) of the People of the Book
until they pay the Jizya with willing submission and feel themselves subdued.
9:27 Again will Allah after this turn (in mercy) to whom He will:
for Allah is Oft-Forgiving Most Merciful.
Allah knows best.