Version 2
Last update: 2006-03-19
This table is a development tool for Ilomi, and is therefore a work in constant flux. Entries preceded by a tilde (~) are proposed but not yet listed in the dictionary. Conversely, entries that do not have Ilomi counterparts listed here are not necessarily missing from the dictionary.
This word mapping table is built upon version 2 of the Universal Language Dictionary conceived by Rick Harrison. The English-language content of this table is largely copyright 1992-1996 by Richard K. Harrison. Used by open permission.
* 01. ADPOSITIONS - - Category owner: Larry Sulky * Adpositions are markers of temporal and spatial relationship. * Some languages express these concepts with prepositions; some * use postpositions; some use noun cases; some use verb forms. uxefe 001: about (pertaining to; on the topic of) [pr] utaxi 002: above, over [pr] ulansu 003: across (at / to the other side of) [pr] unyonsu 004: after (later than; in the future of) [pr] unsuka 005: around, encircling, surrounding [pr] uma 006: at (in the same location as) [pr] unxi 007: because of, due to [pr] uxakamwa 008: before, in front of, ahead of (spatially) [pr] unyose 009: before, prior to, earlier than [pr] uxaka 00A: behind, in back of, to the rear of [pr] unmilo 00B: between, among, amidst, inter- [pr] unyolemeta 00C: beyond, farther than, exceeding [pr] ula 00D: by means of, via, per, with (using; through instrumentality of) [pr] upento 00E: during [pr] unkumwa 00F: except for, besides, apart from, other than, excluding [pr] uxo 010: for (to benefit; destined for; for the purpose of) [pr] unta 011: for (in exchange for) [pr] ufe 012: from, out of, away from [pr] umi 013: in (located inside of) [pr] unyalu 014: instead of, rather than [pr] unyomo 015: like, similar to [pr] ulu 016: near, close to [pr] unxa 017: of (owned by; belonging to; associated with; = genitive) [pr] unyumu 018: of (containing the measured quantity: two liters of water) [pr] uta 019: on (resting on; touching the top or other surface of) [pr] umimwa 01A: outside of, exterior to [pr] unyopu; unoli; unoka 01B: than, compared to [pr/cj] utafe 01C: through [pr] utu 01D: to, towards, at (moving toward) [pr] utaximwa 01E: under, below, beneath [pr] unpa 01F: with (accompanied by) [pr] unyemimwa 020: without, with no ..., lacking [pr] * 02. OTHER FUNCTION WORDS - - Category owner: Larry Sulky eyo 021: be (intransitive predicative copula) [v] exesute 022: exist [v] enti 023: become (begin to be; acquire the quality...) [v] eme 024: cause (induce something to be/happen) [v] efa 025: make, render (impart quality X to Y; e.g. I make you happy) [v] efu 026: do, perform, engage in (specified activity) [v] emi 027: have (possess / be furnished with) [v] epo 028: can (is/are able to ...) [aux v pres] u exo 029: should, ought to (is/are expected/advised to ...) [aux v pres] alo 02A: this (demonstrative) [aj/pn] alokwi 02B: that (demonstrative) [aj/pn] e 02C: and, plus [cj] ewo 02D: but, however [cj] iyu 02E: if (on condition that...; supposing that...) [cj] efyo 02F: or [cj] a; uye 030: that (e.g. I know that you are right) [cj] oka 031: also, additionally, too [av] onxuntamwa 032: apart, separately [av] onyulu 033: here (in/to this place) [av] ameto anke 034: how? (in what manner?) [av] iwa 035: maybe, perhaps, possibly [av] iye 036: not [av] onle 037: only, solely, exclusively [av] onyulumwa 038: there (at/to that place) [av] onxunta 039: together [av] atimo anke 03A: when? (at what time?) [av] alu anke 03B: where? (at/to what place?) [av] anyuso anke 03C: why? (for what reason?) [av] anli 03D: any (no particular one of) [aj] anxu 03E: every, each [aj] * 03. PEOPLE - - Category owner: Gary Shannon afito 03F: person, human being apetwi 040: baby, infant ape 041: child apepyu 042: boy apekya 043: girl atapyu 044: man (adult male person) atakya 045: woman (adult female person) anfami 046: family amopyu 047: father amokya 048: mother anyenyaposi 049: marriage (spousal relationship) aposipyu 04A: husband aposikya 04B: wife anfipyu 04C: son anfikya 04D: daughter atefopyu 04E: brother atefokya 04F: sister akasali 050: chief, leader (Lat. caesar. Ger. kaiser) alaxupyu 051: king (sanksrit raj) alaxukya 052: queen amakusi 053: president (lat. magister) apinkepu 054: prime minister (Lat. princeps) anpelato 055: dictator, tyrant (Lat. imperator) atominto 056: master, lord (Lat. dominus) alopota 057: slave (czech robota - servitude) antanka war; battle atanyantanka 058: soldier apaxu peace (Lat. pax) atanyapaxu 059: ambassador axonta 05A: member (of group/organization) (Eng. joined) amiko 05B: friend amikomwa 05C: enemy * 04. TITLES 05D: Mister, Mr. 05E: Ms., Miss/Mrs. 05F: Miss 060: Mrs. * 05. GROUPINGS OF PEOPLE 061: club, society (voluntary association re: a common interest) 062: committee (group appointed to do a task) 063: community (individuals sharing space / culture) 064: culture (the customs and beliefs of a people) 065: individual (one considered separately from one's species) 066: people (a people), folk, the members of an ethnic group / nation 067: public, populace, the people (as in People's Republic) 068: race (group of people with similar characteristics) 069: team, crew, squad * 06. BODY PARTS, SUBSTANCES - - Category owner: 06A: abdomen 06B: anus 06C: arm (shoulder to hand) 06D: back (dorsal area) 06E: beard 06F: blood 070: body 071: bone 072: brain 073: breast, mammary 074: buttock 075: cheek (side of face below eye) 076: chest (upper front of torso) 077: chin 078: ear 079: egg 07A: eye 07B: face 07C: feather 07D: feces, dung, excrement 07E: fetus (foetus), embryo 07F: finger 080: fist 081: foot (on which something stands) 082: forehead 083: gene 084: hair (a strand of fibrous material growing from the body) 085: hair (the hairs atop one's head thought of as a collective entity) 086: hand 087: head 088: heart (coronary muscle) 089: heel 08A: hip 08B: horn (bone-like growth from animal's head) 08C: intestines, gut(s), viscera 08D: iris (of eye) 08E: kidney 08F: knee 090: leg 091: lip 092: liver 093: lung 094: meat, flesh 095: mouth 096: muscle 097: nail (fingernail) 098: navel 099: neck 09A: nerve 09B: nose 09C: organ (of body) 09D: palm (of hand) 09E: penis 09F: shell 0A0: shoulder 0A1: skeleton 0A2: skin 0A3: spine, backbone 0A4: stomach 0A5: sweat, perspiration 0A6: tail 0A7: tear(drop(s)) 0A8: testicle 0A9: throat 0AA: thumb 0AB: toe 0AC: tongue (body-part) 0AD: tooth 0AE: urine 0AF: vagina 0B0: vein, blood vessel 0B1: waist 0B2: wing (of bird etc.) 0B3: wound 0B4: wrist 0B5: berry (small pulpy fruit) 0B6: bud (of flower/leaf) 0B7: flower 0B8: fruit 0B9: leaf 0BA: nut (hard-shelled fruit/seed with separable shell and kernel) 0BB: pod (seed pod) 0BC: root (of a plant) 0BD: seed 0BE: sprout (young shoot of plant) * 07. MISC. BODY TERMS - - Category owner: 0BF: alive [aj] 0C0: dead [aj] 0C1: birth 0C2: mature, adult 0C3: healthy [aj] 0C4: disease, illness, sickness 0C5: fat, obese, plump [aj] 0C6: sex, gender 0C7: female [aj] 0C8: male [aj] 0C9: neuter (neither male nor female) [aj] 0CA: sense (ability to perceive a given kind of stimuli) 0CB: pain 0CC: pleasure 0CD: tired, weary [aj] 0CE: refreshed, zesty, perky [aj] 0CF: sleep [v] 0D0: awake [aj] 0D1: fever * 08. BODILY ACTIONS - - Category owner: 0D2: bite [v] 0D3: breathe [v] 0D4: catch (stop the motion of and seize in the hands) [v] 0D5: climb [v] 0D6: copulate, have sex (with) [v] 0D7: crawl [v] 0D8: cry out, shout, yell [v] 0D9: cry, weep [v] 0DA: dance [v] 0DB: die [v] 0DC: drink [v] 0DD: drown (die/kill via immersion) [v] 0DE: eat [v] 0DF: feel (perceive with the tactile sense) [v] 0E0: gesture [v] 0E1: hold, grasp [v] 0E2: hunt, pursue (with intent to capture and/or devour) [v] 0E3: jump, leap [v] 0E4: kick [v] 0E5: kill [v] 0E6: kiss [v] 0E7: laugh [v] 0E8: lie (recline horizontally) [v] 0E9: live (be alive) [v] 0EA: run [v] 0EB: shave [v] 0EC: sit (be in a sitting position) [v] 0ED: smile [v] 0EE: sneeze [v] 0EF: spit [v] 0F0: squat [v] 0F1: stand [v] 0F2: swallow [v] 0F3: swim [v] 0F4: taste (perceive the flavor of) [v] 0F5: throw, toss [v] 0F6: touch [v] 0F7: vomit [v] 0F8: walk [v] 0F9: wrestle [v] * 09. ANIMAL SPECIES AND TYPES - - Category owner: 0FA: animal (non-vegetable creature) 0FB: ant (insect of family Formicidae) 0FC: bear (animal of Ursidae family) 0FD: bee (member of genus Apis) 0FE: bird (egg-laying feathered animal with wings) 0FF: butterfly 100: cat (Felis catus) 101: chicken 102: cockroach (insect of order Blattaria) 103: cow/bull, cattle (bovine animal of either sex) 104: deer (animal of family Cervidae) 105: dog (Canis familiaris) 106: donkey, ass (Equus asinus) 107: dragon (winged serpent with crested head and large claws) 108: fish 109: fly (small winged insect) 10A: fox (member of genus Vulpes) 10B: frog (web-footed tailless leaping amphibian) 10C: goat (animal of genus Capra) 10D: grasshopper 10E: horse (Equus caballus) 10F: insect 110: lion (Felis leo) 111: lizard 112: lobster 113: mammal 114: mantis (insect of order Manteodea) 115: monkey, small primate 116: mosquito 117: mouse 118: pig, swine (omnivorous mammal of family Suidae) 119: rabbit (animal of family Leporidae) 11A: reptile 11B: sheep (Ovis aries) 11C: snake, serpent (reptile of suborder Serpentes or Ophidia) 11D: spider, arachnid 11E: squirrel (rodent of family Sciuridae) 11F: tiger (Felis tigris) 120: turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) 121: turtle (reptile of order Testudinata) 122: virus 123: whale (large marine mammal of order Cetacea) 124: wolf (Canis lupus) 125: worm * 10. PLANT SPECIES AND TYPES * Note that the English words sometimes refer to an entire plant and * sometimes only to its fruit (I am planting tomatoes vs. I am eating * tomatoes). This is not true of all languages. 126: apple (tree/fruit of genus Malus) 127: bamboo (plant/stem of genera Bambusa / Arundinaria / Dendrocalamus) 128: banana (plant/fruit of genus Musa) 129: bean (lima/snap/etc.: plant/seed of genus Phaseolus or similar) 12A: cabbage (plant/leaves of sp. Brassica oleracea capitata) 12B: carrot (plant/root of sp. Daucus carota sativus) 12C: coffee (plant/seeds of sp. Coffea arabica) 12D: cork (tree/elastic tissue of sp. Quercus suber) 12E: corn, maize (plant/seeds of sp. Zea mays) 12F: cotton (plant/fibers of genus Gossypium) 130: cucumber (Cucumis sativus) 131: date (tree/fruit of sp. Phoenix dactylifera) 132: fig (tree/fruit of genus Ficus) 133: flax (Linum usitatissimum) 134: garlic (herb of sp. Allium sativum) 135: ginger (plant/rhizome of genus Zingiber) 136: ginseng (plant/root of genus Panax) 137: gourd (plant/hard-rinded fruit of genera Lagenaria & Cucurbita) 138: grape (plant/fruit of genus Vitis) 139: grass (monocotyledonous plant of family Gramineae) 13A: hemp, marijuana (plant/material of sp. Cannabis sativa) 13B: kelp (seaweed of orders Laminariales and Fucales) 13C: lentil (plant/seeds of sp. Lens culinaris) 13D: lettuce (plant/leaves of genus Lactuca) 13E: mandarin, tangerine (tree/fruit of sp. Citrus reticulata) 13F: mint (plant of family Labiatae) 140: mushroom (a complex aerial fleshy fruiting body of a fungus) 141: mustard (plant of sp. Brassica hirta / B. nigra / B. juncea) 142: oak (tree of genus Quercus) 143: oat (plant/seed of genus Avena) 144: olive (tree/fruit of sp. Olea europaea) 145: onion (plant/bulb of sp. Allium sepa) 146: orange (tree/fruit of Citrus sinensis / related spp.) 147: pea (plant/seed of sp. Pisum sativum) 148: peanut (plant/seed/pod of sp. Arachis hypogaea) 149: pepper (hot/sweet/bell pepper -- plant/pod of genus Capsicum) 14A: pepper (black -- plant/seed of sp. Piper nigrum) 14B: pine (coniferous tree of genus Pinus) 14C: plum (certain trees/fruits of genus Prunus) 14D: potato (plant/tuber of sp. Solanum tuberosum) 14E: rice (plant/seed of sp. Oryza sativa) 14F: rose (plant/flower of genus Rosa) 150: safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) 151: sesame (plant/seed of genus Sesamum) 152: soya, soybean (plant/seed of sp. Glycine max) 153: spinach (plant/leaves of sp. Spinacia oleracea) 154: squash, melon (plant/fruit of genus Cucurbita grown for edible fruit) 155: sunflower (plant/bloom of sp. Helianthus annuus) 156: tea (plant/leaves of sp. Camellia sinensis) 157: tobacco (plant/leaves of sp. Nicotiana tabacum) 158: tomato (plant/berry of genus Lycopersicon) 159: wheat (plant/seed of sp. Triticum aestivum) 15A: bush, shrub 15B: garden 15C: grain(s), cereal crop(s) and their seed(s) 15D: harvest, reap [v] 15E: plant (a vegetable life-form) 15F: tree * 11. NATURAL WORLD - - Category owner: Gary Shannon alekinyunpa 160: bay (small body of water offset from lake or sea) [lake alongside] afenlu 161: beach, shore aluminyatelu 162: cave [earth room] anpalinyatelu 163: cliff [earth wall] enpuso to cover; to obscure; to blanket; to eclipse enpusonyaka to cover with water; to flood anyenpuso cover; blanket; cloud (informal) anyenpusonyanki 164: cloud; cloud cover atelunyonyakamwa 165: desert atelu 166: earth (terra firma contrasted with sea and heaven) exako to shake; to quiver; to tremble onyexako trembling; shaking; quivering anyexakonyatelu; atelunyonixako 167: earthquake alomemwanyanki 168: eclipse [sky shadow] (verb to eclipse: see inpuso) akanpa 169: field (unbroken expanse of land) anyenpusonyaka 16A: flood, deluge (verb to flood: see enpusonyaka) apelunyaka 16B: fog alenyapoli 16C: forest otemomwa cold asisa ice asisanyanki hail [sky ice] anyepulunyasisa 16D: hail storm epulunyasisa to hail [v] amonta 16E: hill (smaller than a mountain) amontatwi mound; hillock atuka 16F: island aleki 170: lake alakanyanki; alomenyanki 171: lightning [sky fire; sky light] anlu 172: moon (natural satellite of a planet) amontaswe 173: mountain atelukya 174: nature [mother earth] (that which occurs spontaneously; the non-artificial world) atelunyanki 175: planet [sky world] anyepulu 176: rain; a rain storm ankolonyanki 177: rainbow [sky colors] akanyelele 178: river alekiswe 179: sea, ocean anki 17A: sky asisakya 17B: snow (soft, i.e. "feminine" ice, using the feminine suffix metaphorically on a non-animate noun) anyepulunyasisakya snow storm epulunyasisakya; enyasisakya [v] to snow asolitwi 17C: star ametelonyonxo 17D: storm [bad weather] asoli 17E: sun atelunyaka 17F: swamp, marsh [water land] asontoswe (informal); asontonyanki 180: thunder asikilu cycle; repeating process enyasikilu to cycle; to repeat asikilunyaka 181: tide elota to spin; to rotate akusanyelota 182: tornado; cyclone akusaswe hurricane; typhoon akunyale everything anyakunyale 183: universe, cosmos aponte 184: valley amontanyalaka 185: volcano [fire mountain] ametelo 186: weather akusa 187: wind atelu 188: world (same as "earth") * 12. TOOLS, IMPLEMENTS - - Category owner: Gary Shannon 189: arrow (sharp-tipped shaft shot from a bow) 18A: axe 18B: balloon 18C: bar, rod 18D: barrel, cask 18E: basket 18F: bed 190: bell 191: blade 192: blanket (large piece of soft material used as a cover) 193: board 194: bomb 195: bottle 196: bow (for arrows) 197: bowl (deep round dish) 198: box (rigid rectangular receptacle) 199: brake 19A: brick (hard clay block) 19B: broom 19C: brush 19D: bucket, pail 19E: bullet 19F: button (on a shirt etc.) 1A0: cage 1A1: can (presealed metal container) {British: tin} 1A2: candle 1A3: cannon 1A4: chain (connected series of rings or links) 1A5: chair (furniture for one person to sit on) 1A6: cigarette 1A7: clock 1A8: club, cudgel 1A9: coin 1AA: comb 1AB: computer (electronic instruction-obeying information-handler) 1AC: container 1AD: cord, cable (thicker than wire) 1AE: cover (thing put onto or extended over something else) 1AF: cup (small bowl with handle) 1B0: curtain 1B1: dial (circle marked with numbers/symbols) 1B2: dish (any shallow concave container) 1B3: doll, effigy 1B4: dome (anything shaped like an upside-down bowl) 1B5: drain (device that removes unwanted liquid) 1B6: drill 1B7: drum (hollow musical instrument beaten with sticks or hands) 1B8: envelope (folded paper covering a letter) 1B9: fan (device to create air current) 1BA: fence (outdoor barrier supported by posts) 1BB: file (tool for abrading) 1BC: flag, banner 1BD: fork (instrument with >=2 prongs for picking up something) 1BE: frame (structure supporting or surrounding something) 1BF: furniture 1C0: gear (toothed wheel) 1C1: guitar (stringed instrument played with the fingers) 1C2: gun (ballistic weapon) 1C3: hammer 1C4: handle (part of tool by which it is held) 1C5: hinge 1C6: hook 1C7: horn (makes noise when blown) 1C8: hourglass 1C9: jar, jug (big wide-mouthed bottle) 1CA: key (metal device for operating lock) 1CB: knife 1CC: knob 1CD: ladder 1CE: lamp 1CF: lens 1D0: lever 1D1: lock (device for securing doors) 1D2: machine (device with moving parts) 1D3: match (little fire-stick) 1D4: microscope 1D5: mirror 1D6: motor, engine 1D7: nail (pointy fastener) 1D8: needle 1D9: net 1DA: oven 1DB: package, packet, parcel 1DC: paddle, oar (stick with broad end) 1DD: pan (broad shallow cooking dish) 1DE: patch (a piece used to cover/repair a flaw) 1DF: pedal 1E0: pen (writing tool that uses ink) 1E1: pencil, crayon (writing tool that uses semi-solid substance) 1E2: pillow, cushion 1E3: pipe (a hard tube for transporting liquid) 1E4: plate (shallow dish, usually round) 1E5: plow (plough) 1E6: pocket 1E7: pole, stick (long bar) 1E8: post (vertical pole anchored in ground) 1E9: pot (deep round vessel) 1EA: pulley 1EB: pump 1EC: rack (framework of bars for storage) 1ED: radio apparatus, wireless set 1EE: rail (usually horizontal bar for restraining/supporting things) 1EF: rake 1F0: razor 1F1: rope 1F2: rug, mat 1F3: sack, bag 1F4: sail 1F5: saw (tool) 1F6: scale (device to measure weight) 1F7: scissors 1F8: screen, mesh 1F9: screw (threaded fastener) 1FA: sign (board with public notice written on it) 1FB: shelf 1FC: shield (a protective implement) 1FD: shovel 1FE: spear, lance 1FF: sponge (real/synthetic corpse of animal of phylum Porifera) 200: spool, reel (cylinder onto which something is wound) 201: spoon 202: spring (metal helix) 203: staple (fastener) 204: strap 205: string (thicker than thread and thinner than rope) 206: stylus 207: sword 208: syringe 209: table (piece of furniture with flat top) 20A: telephone 20B: telescope 20C: television set 20D: toilet, water closet 20E: tool, utensil, implement 20F: tongs 210: towel 211: toy, plaything 212: trap 213: tray (shallow rectangular dish) 214: umbrella 215: valve (flow-controller) 216: weapon 217: wheel 218: wire (long thread-like piece of metal) 219: wrench {British: spanner} * 13. CLOTHING 21A: apron 21B: belt 21C: coat (heavy outer garment with sleeves) 21D: collar 21E: eyeglasses 21F: garment (item of clothing) 220: glove 221: harness 222: hat, cap 223: helmet 224: jacket (a short and/or lightweight coat) 225: necktie 226: pants, trousers 227: shirt 228: shorts, trunks (trousers extending no lower than knees) 229: shoe 22A: skirt, kilt, dress (any torso-garment open at the bottom) 22B: sock, hose, stocking 22C: uniform (special garments worn by members of a group) 22D: veil * 14. BUILDINGS, INSTITUTIONS 22E: building, edifice (structure with walls and roof) 22F: attic, garret 230: ceiling 231: cellar, basement 232: chimney 233: door 234: elevator {British: lift} 235: fireplace, hearth 236: floor (bottom of room) 237: roof 238: room, chamber 239: stair(s) 23A: wall 23B: window 23C: church (building or institution of public worship) 23D: factory 23E: hospital 23F: hotel, inn 240: house (a free-standing man-made dwelling-building) 241: library 242: mill (place where raw materials are processed) 243: prison, jail 244: school 245: store, shop, boutique 246: tavern, bar, pub 247: theater 248: university 249: bridge 24A: farm 24B: park (public outdoor area) 24C: market (place where goods are bought/sold/traded) 24D: tower * 15. GOVERNMENT, HIERARCHY 24E: agency, bureau 24F: army 250: authority (the right/power to command) 251: campaign (for political office) 252: constitution (charter of an organization) 253: control [v] 254: court (of law) 255: crime 256: elect (select by voting) [v] 257: free (at liberty) [aj] 258: government 259: independent [aj] 25A: international [aj] 25B: jury 25C: law (a rule enforced by a government) 25D: military [aj] 25E: nation, state (political entity) 25F: obey [v] 260: official (issued with authority) [aj] 261: organize (bring X's together to perform a task) [v] 262: parliament, congress (legislative body of elected officers) 263: party (political), sect (religious) 264: permit, allow, let [v] 265: police (organization to enforce laws) 266: politics 267: prohibit, forbid, contra-permit [v] 268: province (of Canada etc.), prefecture, state (of USA etc.) 269: resign [v] 26A: rule, regulation 26B: submission, surrender 26C: tax 26D: trial (in court) 26E: unite [v] 26F: vote [v] * 16. BUSINESS AND TRANSACTIONS 270: war 271: accept (willingly receive) [v] 272: account (record of money received/paid/owed) 273: bank (monetary institution) 274: bill, invoice (statement of money owed) 275: borrow [v] 276: business, commerce 277: buy, purchase [v] 278: cheap, inexpensive [aj] 279: check (written order directing a bank to pay from an account) 27A: company (a business organization), firm 27B: contract (agreement-document) 27C: credit (permission to borrow money) 27D: debt, obligation to pay 27E: exchange, trade, swap [v] 27F: expensive, costly [aj] 280: frugal, thrifty [aj] 281: generous, charitable [aj] 282: get, acquire, gain, obtain [vt] 283: give [v] 284: insurance (protective contractual arrangement) 285: invest [v] 286: job, employment 287: keep, retain, go on having (e.g. you should keep this book) [v] 288: lack (be without) [v] 289: lend [v] 28A: lose (cease having; contra-acquire) [vt] 28B: merchandise, goods, wares 28C: money 28D: offer (present for acceptance or rejection) [v] 28E: own (possess according to law or custom) [v] 28F: pay [v] 290: poor, impoverished [aj] 291: price, cost 292: private (contra-public) [aj] 293: prize, award 294: profit, gain 295: provide, supply, furnish [v] 296: public (available to most or all persons) [aj] 297: punish [v] 298: receive [v] 299: reject, refuse (contra-accept) [v] 29A: responsibility, liability, accountability 29B: reward [v] 29C: rich, wealthy [aj] 29D: sell [v] 29E: steal (take in a criminal way) [v] 29F: store, cache, reserve, reservoir 2A0: take (in the sense of E-o preni, G nehmen, Sp tomar) [v] 2A1: ticket, coupon 2A2: value (the quality of being useful and/or desirable), worth * 17. RELIGION AND THE SUPERNATURAL - - Category owner: Gary Shannon atanyaxelo; atatwinyaxelo; atanyalome 2A3: angel, fairy (supernatural flying humanoid) enpokanyoke 2A4: bless (wish good upon) [v] enpokanyonxo 2A5: curse, damn (wish evil upon) [v] alomenyomatu 2A6: ghost (manifestation of dead person's soul) atame; inyatame; inyamonyanki 2A7: god, diety axelo 2A8: heaven, celestial realm, Valhala etc. axelomwa 2A9: hell, Hades onyaxelo; onyatame 2AA: holy, sacred [aj] axuma 2AB: magic, sorcery esupilo; epanyaxelo 2AC: pray (communicate with god(s)) [v] atanyatame 2AD: priest, clergyman anyekenyatame 2AE: religion apitinyaxelo 2AF: revelation, mystical vision alitanti 2B0: ritual, rite, ceremony atametwi 2B1: soul, spirit (believed to outlive the body) * 18. MIND AND EMOTION 2B2: admire [v] 2B3: alert [aj] 2B4: angry [aj] 2B5: approve (of) [v] 2B6: art (creative craft; productive use of talent) 2B7: attention (active perception) 2B8: behavior, conduct 2B9: believe (accept as true) [v] 2BA: blame [v] 2BB: boring, tedious [aj] 2BC: calculate, reckon [v] 2BD: care, concern (about someone / something) 2BE: caution, prudence, carefulness 2BF: celebrate, rejoice [v] 2C0: choose, pick (out), select one of many possibilities [v] 2C1: comfort (freedom from pain and/or worry) 2C2: compare [v] 2C3: conscious, aware [aj] 2C4: courage, bravery 2C5: dear, precious, cherished [aj] 2C6: decide [v] 2C7: disappointment 2C8: distinguish, differentiate, tell one from another [v] 2C9: doubt [v] 2CA: dream 2CB: embarrassment 2CC: enthusiasm, zeal 2CD: expect, anticipate (believe that X will come/happen) [v] 2CE: experience (consciously live through an event) [v] 2CF: favor, prefer [v] 2D0: fear (be afraid of) [v] 2D1: feel (experience an emotion/sentiment) [v] 2D2: foolish [aj] 2D3: forget (contra-remember) [v] 2D4: forgive, pardon [v] 2D5: funny, comical [aj] 2D6: grateful, thankful [aj] 2D7: greedy [aj] 2D8: guard, monitor, watch over [v] 2D9: guess, conjecture [v] 2DA: guide, lead [v] 2DB: guilty, blame-worthy [aj] 2DC: habit, custom, routine practice 2DD: happy [aj] 2DE: hate [v] 2DF: hope [v] 2E0: humble, modest [aj] 2E1: idea, concept (thought-bundle) 2E2: imagine [v] 2E3: important [aj] 2E4: innocent, contra-guilty [aj] 2E5: insane, crazy, mad [aj] 2E6: intelligent [aj] 2E7: intend, mean to, do deliberately, have as a purpose [v] 2E8: interest (desire to pay attention to something), fascination 2E9: invent (plan something which has never been made before) [v] 2EA: jealousy, envy 2EB: judge (compare something to criteria), form an opinion about [v] 2EC: know [v] 2ED: knowledge 2EE: learn [v] 2EF: like, enjoy (derive pleasure from) [v] 2F0: logic (formalized process of reasoning) 2F1: lonely (feeling undesirable solitude) [aj] 2F2: love [v] 2F3: loyal [aj] 2F4: mercy 2F5: mind 2F6: mystery 2F7: neglect, negligence, apathy 2F8: nice, kind, affable [aj] 2F9: notice, observe [v] 2FA: opinion 2FB: patience 2FC: peace (freedom from fighting or turmoil) 2FD: perceive, detect [v] 2FE: pity, feel compassion toward, feel sorry for [v] 2FF: plan, design 300: play (performed by actors on stage), drama 301: pretend, act, feign [v] 302: pride (proudness; self-respect) 303: reason, explanation, justification, rationale 304: reasoning, rational thought 305: recognize [v] 306: regret [v] 307: remember [v] 308: respect, venerate, esteem [v] 309: revenge, vengeance, retribution, getting even 30A: sad, unhappy, melancholy [aj] 30B: satisfaction 30C: seek, search (for), look for [v] 30D: seem, appear to be, give the impression of [v] 30E: serious, earnest, grave [aj] 30F: shame 310: study [v] 311: stupid [aj] 312: subject, topic of discussion 313: suppose, presume [v] 314: surprise, startle [v] 315: talent, skill, knack 316: teach [v] 317: tempt [v] 318: theory 319: think [v] 31A: trust [v] 31B: understand, comprehend [v] 31C: want, wish, desire [v] 31D: whim, caprice 31E: wise [aj] 31F: worry, anxiety * 19. COMMUNICATION 320: address (postal co-ordinates) 321: admit, confess [v] 322: advertisement 323: advice 324: alphabet 325: announce, proclaim [v] 326: answer, reply to a question or argument 327: article, essay (piece of text about one topic) 328: ask, inquire [v] 329: book 32A: call, summon [v] 32B: chapter (main division of book) 32C: chart, diagram 32D: claim, assertion (statement of unknown accuracy) 32E: code (cryptographic system) 32F: command, order, directive 330: communication (exchange of information) 331: consonant (non-vowel) 332: criticize [v] 333: deny (say that X is not true) [v] 334: describe [v] 335: dictionary 336: discuss, talk about [v] 337: document 338: emphasize, accentuate, stress [v] 339: fact (undisputed datum) 33A: fiction 33B: file (dossier; loose bundle of data) 33C: grammar (rules and structure of a language) 33D: history (organized account of past events), chronicle 33E: indicate [v] 33F: information 340: insult 341: invite [v] 342: issue, edition (of periodical etc.) 343: label 344: language (the verbal communication technique of a people) 345: letter (a message written and mailed) 346: lie (utter a known falsehood) [v] 347: list 348: magazine (periodical publication) 349: mail (transmit postally) [v] 34A: map (drawing of planet's surface) 34B: meaning (semantic content of a word) 34C: message (batch of transmitted information) 34D: movie, motion picture 34E: name 34F: news, tidings 350: newspaper 351: noise (confused/randomized sound/stimuli) 352: note, annotation 353: page (one side of a sheet of paper in a book) 354: photograph 355: poem 356: praise, compliment, laud [v] 357: print (to copy marks by pressing inked objects on paper) [v] 358: promise (a claim about one's future actions), pledge 359: protest, objection 35A: question, query 35B: quote, cite [v] 35C: read [v] 35D: record (a cache of information) 35E: request, ask for [v] 35F: say, tell, express in words [v] 360: secret [aj] 361: sentence (of words) 362: sing [v] 363: speak, talk [v] 364: story, report 365: suggest, propose (offer an idea) [v] 366: syllable 367: symbol, sign, token 368: thank (express gratitude toward) [v] 369: vocabulary (sum of words available to a person/people) 36A: voice 36B: vowel 36C: warn [v] 36D: word 36E: write [v] * 20. ATHLETICS, GAMES 36F: game (a rule-governed system of competitive amusement) 370: game, match (one particular encounter between competitors) 371: athletics (games involving physical skill), sports 372: score (the tally of points in a competition) 373: umpire, referee, official 374: ball (spheroidal plaything) 375: bat, stick, racket/racquet (any ball-hitting tool) 376: ski 377: baseball 378: basketball 379: football (association football), soccer 37A: football (American/tackle football) 37B: gymnastics 37C: hockey 37D: pool, billiards 37E: tennis 37F: chess 380: play, recreate, frolic [v] * 21. IDENTITY - - Category owner: Larry Sulky oka 381: same, identical [aj] omo 382: similar [aj] omomwa 383: different [aj] anpi 384: other, another [aj/pn] exanxi 385: change (become/make different), vary [v] emitate 386: imitate, mimic [v] olixa 387: original, non-imitative [aj] anyolixa 388: prototype, exemplar, archetype, model (for all Xs) anyolixamwa 389: copy (a duplicate) * 22. NUMERALS - - Category owner: Larry Sulky ay'lo 38A: zero [num] ay'me 38B: one [num] ay'tu 38C: two [num] ay'si 38D: three [num] ay'fa 38E: four [num] ay'po 38F: five [num] ay'xe 390: six [num] ay'su 391: seven [num] ay'ki 392: eight [num] ay'ta 393: nine [num] ay'me'lo 394: ten [num] ay'me'lo'lo; ay'mexo 395: hundred [num] ay'me'nko 396: thousand [num] ay'me'nmo 397: million [num] ay'nlu 398: half (1/2) [num] * 23. QUANTITY 399: quantity (amount / number / magnitude) 39A: number, numeral (a word or symbol indicating quantity) 39B: count, enumerate [v] 39C: measure [v] 39D: ratio, rate, proportion 39E: add, append, join so as to cause an increase [v] 39F: remove, subtract, take away, delete [v] 3A0: increase (become or make greater in quantity) [v] 3A1: decrease (become or make lesser in quantity) [v] 3A2: multiply [v] 3A3: divide [v] 3A4: total, sum, aggregate 3A5: rest (of ...), remainder, leftovers, remnant 3A6: whole, entire, complete [aj] 3A7: all (the whole number or entire sum of) [aj] 3A8: many (a large number of) [aj] 3A9: few (a small number of) [aj] 3AA: much (a large quantity of) [aj] 3AB: more (a larger quantity of) [aj] 3AC: most (the largest quantity of) [aj] 3AD: little (a small quantity of) [aj] 3AE: less (a smaller quantity of) [aj] 3AF: least (the smallest quantity of) [aj] 3B0: part 3B1: piece (a part broken/cut/separated from something larger) 3B2: section, segment (a part somehow different/separated from others) 3B3: allocation, allotment, portion (someone's share of X) 3B4: group 3B5: batch (quantity of things done/produced at one time) 3B6: bundle, bunch (group of things tied or grouped together) 3B7: majority 3B8: minority 3B9: density 3BA: dense (of much density), concentrated, thick, intense [aj] 3BB: rarefied, tenuous, diffuse, dilute, sparse, wispy [aj] 3BC: full, filled [aj] 3BD: empty [aj] * 24. DEGREE 3BE: degree (the extent/intensity/scope of an action/condition/relation) 3BF: at least, not less than (>=) [av] 3C0: at most, only, just, merely, not more than (<=) [av] 3C1: much, very (to a large degree; with great intensity) [av] 3C2: more (to a larger degree) [av] 3C3: most (to the largest degree) [av] 3C4: little (to a small degree; with almost no intensity) [av] 3C5: less (to a smaller degree) [av] 3C6: least (to the smallest degree) [av] 3C7: enough, sufficiently [av] 3C8: almost, nearly [av] 3C9: too much, excessively [av] 3CA: too little, insufficiently [av] * 25. DIMENSION, DIRECTION 3CB: size (degree of largeness or smallness) 3CC: huge, enormous, gigantic [aj] 3CD: big, large (of much size) [aj] 3CE: small (of little size) [aj] 3CF: tiny, minuscule [aj] 3D0: expand, grow [v] 3D1: shrink, contract [v] 3D2: distance (amount of space from X to Y) 3D3: far (at / to a great distance) [aj/av] 3D4: near (at / to a little distance) [aj/av] 3D5: present (existing in the indicated place; contra-absent) [aj] 3D6: absent [aj] 3D7: place, location 3D8: length (distance from one end to the other) 3D9: long (of much length) [aj] 3DA: short (of little length) [aj] 3DB: width (degree of wideness or narrowness) 3DC: wide, broad (of space between objects) [aj] 3DD: narrow, of little width (of space between objects) [aj] 3DE: thickness (of a solid object, etc.) 3DF: thick, fat (large from one surface to the opposite surface) [aj] 3E0: thin, slender (small from one surface to the opposite surface) [aj] 3E1: height (distance from ground / baseline to top) 3E2: high, tall (of much height) [aj] 3E3: low, short (not tall; of little height) [aj] 3E4: depth (distance from ground / baseline down to bottom) 3E5: deep, profound (of much depth) [aj] 3E6: shallow (of little depth) [aj] 3E7: horizontal [aj] 3E8: vertical [aj] 3E9: diagonal, slanted [aj] 3EA: sloped, inclined/declined (not horizontal) [aj] 3EB: angle (the relation of two lines radiating from a point) 3EC: position (location relative to others) 3ED: region, area (a quantity of space within boundaries) 3EE: space, room, void 3EF: connection, joint, junction 3F0: environment, surroundings, context 3F1: front 3F2: rear, back part of 3F3: side, flank, lateral area 3F4: middle, center 3F5: top, peak, summit 3F6: bottom 3F7: edge 3F8: inner, internal, interior [aj] 3F9: outer, exterior, external [aj] 3FA: limit, boundary 3FB: find (discover the location of) [v] 3FC: misplace (lose; become unable to find) [v] 3FD: direction (orientation of motion) 3FE: up [av] 3FF: down [av] 400: north 401: south 402: east 403: west 404: right(-hand) [aj] 405: left(-hand) [aj] 406: away (from this or that place) [av] 407: back (to previous place / condition) [av] 408: inverted, upside-down [aj] 409: backward (in reverse order) [av] 40A: direct, immediate (with no intermediaries or obstacles) [aj] 40B: serpentine, meandering, convoluted [aj] 40C: city 40D: village 40E: rural area, countryside * 26. MOTION 40F: source, origin 410: route, path, course 411: destination 412: aim (to point/direct X toward Y) [v] 413: attract [v] 414: avoid, evade, keep away from [v] 415: barrier, obstacle 416: base, node, station (point from which things go or are done) 417: bring (cause something to come along with one toward a place) [v] 418: capture, seize [v] 419: carry (move while supporting) [v] 41A: come, arrive (at indicated place) [v] 41B: drift, wander [v] 41C: drive, impel, propel [v] 41D: emit (to send out any form of matter/energy in any manner) [v] 41E: enter, go into [v] 41F: escape, flee from [v] 420: fly (move through the air) [v] 421: forward, ahead [av] 422: gather, collect (bring or come together) [v] 423: go (move from starting point to elsewhere) [v] 424: journey, trip, voyage 425: leave, depart, go away from [v] 426: load, burden 427: meet, encounter, come across [v] 428: miss, fail to hit/reach/see etc. [v] 429: move (engage in motion / cause to engage in motion) [v] 42A: put, place, translocate [v] 42B: reach, extend as far as [v] 42C: release (quit keeping/restraining) [v] 42D: remain, stay [v] 42E: repel [v] 42F: restrain, inhibit, hold back [v] 430: retrieve, fetch (go to X and bring it back) [v] 431: return (go or send back to previous place/condition) [v] 432: ride (sit/perch in/on a vehicle/horse/etc. and travel) [v] 433: roll (move like a ball/cylinder by turning over and over) [v] 434: send, dispatch, transmit [v] 435: slide, slip, glide [v] 436: stretch, extend [v] 437: turn, divert (send in a different direction) [v] 438: turn, rotate, revolve [v] 439: visit [v] * 27. VEHICLES, ETC. - - Category owner: 43A: airplane, aircraft 43B: bicycle 43C: boat 43D: bus 43E: canal, channel, ditch 43F: car, automobile (wheeled motor vehicle) 440: cart, carriage, wagon (wheeled vehicle; not self-propelled) 441: motorcycle 442: port 443: railroad 444: road 445: rocket 446: ship 447: street 448: train (of railroad) 449: truck {British: lorry} (motor vehicle for cargo-carrying) 44A: vehicle * 28. TIME AND SEQUENCE - - Category Owner: Yahya Abdal-Aziz anyofexo 44B: age (degree of oldness / youngness) ofexomwa 44C: young (of little age; having existed/lived for a brief time) [aj] ofexo 44D: old (of much age; having existed/lived for a long time) [aj] ofu 44E: new, novel, recent (having been known for a brief time) [aj] ofumwa 44F: old (of long standing; having been known for a long time) [aj] onyexanximwaswe 450: permanent, perpetual [aj] onyexanximwa 451: constant, invariant, stable [aj] onyexanxi 452: temporary, transient [aj] ametanyatimo 453: interval (quantity of time between events X and Y) ototomwa 454: irregular, sporadic, intermittent [aj] ototo 455: regular, periodic (at uniform intervals) [aj] alitima 456: rhythm afese 457: time (e.g. do it 3 times), occasion, instance, iteration onka 458: again, once more, re- [av] epusala 459: alternate, take turns (do X then Y then X then Y) [v] (from Malay "pusar") asikilu 45A: cycle (one complete performance of a periodic process) anyofeno 45B: frequency (degree of oftenness or seldomness) oyofeno 45C: frequently, often [av] oyolale 45D: seldom, rarely [av] alenyatimo 45E: duration (amount of time consumed) oswe 45F: long (of much duration) [aj] otwi 460: short, brief (of little duration) [aj] opikomwa 461: gradual [aj] opiko 462: sudden, abrupt [aj] emata 463: begin, commence, start [v] entulo 464: continue, keep on doing/being [v] eposo 465: pause, hesitate, suspend action temporarily [v] ematamwa 466: end, conclude, finish [v] ematamwa 467: cease, stop doing, quit [v] efunyolamata 468: delay, retard, tarry, postpone [v] efunyoxepata 469: rush, hurry, hasten [v] asamana 46A: period, era, epoch (from Arabic "zaman") atiku 46B: moment, an instant (from English "tick") osenpile 46C: always (at all times) [av] (from Latin "semper") opelana 46D: ever (at any time) [av] (from Malay "pernah") opelanamwa 46E: never [av] anyatimo 46F: time (the dimension/continuum of past-present-future) anyose 470: past (the past), earlier time anyoto 471: present (the present time; the now) anyonsu 472: future (the future) onyose 473: already (prior to the time mentioned) [av] onyentulo 474: still, yet (even until the time mentioned) [av] onyakinyose 475: yesterday [av] (akinyose = yesterday [n]) onyakinyoto 476: today [av] (akinyoto = today [n]) onyakinyonsu 477: tomorrow [av] (akinyonsu = tomorrow [n]) oseswe 478: long ago (in the far past) [av] osenyulu 479: recently (in the near past) [av] oto 47A: now (at this time) [av] onsunyulu 47B: soon (in the near future) [av] onsuswe 47C: eventually (in the far future) [av] olewatamwa [aj]; onyolewatamwa [av]; onyatimonyonsu [aj]; oyonyatimonyonsu [av] 47D: early, premature [aj/av] olatefyo 47E: timely, prompt, on time [av/aj] olate [aj]; 47F: late, tardy [aj/av] anyoxepata 480: speed, velocity (degree of fastness or slowness) onyoxepata 481: quickly, rapidly, swiftly (with much speed) [av] (oxepata = quick [aj], from Malay "cepat") onyolamata 482: slowly (with little speed) [av] (olamata = slow [aj]) anyatulu 483: series (a number of similar things following one another) atulu 484: sequence, order (temporal arrangement of events in a series) onyematamwa 485: last, final (after all others) [aj] onyunpamwa 486: prior, preceding, previous, contra-next [aj] onyunpa 487: next (coming immediately after; tomorrow = the next day) [aj] 488: season 489: spring (the season) 48A: summer 48B: autumn, fall 48C: winter 48D: century 48E: year 48F: month 490: week 491: day (24-hour period) 492: date (coordinates of a day given in some timekeeping system) 493: day (daytime -- as opposed to night), diurnal period 494: night 495: morning (dawn to noon) 496: noon 497: afternoon (noon to dusk) 498: evening (dusk to midnight) 499: midnight 49A: graveyard shift, middle of the night (midnight to dawn) 49B: hour (60 minutes) 49C: minute (60 seconds) 49D: second (1/60th of a minute) 49E: holiday 49F: sabbath (day of week with religious significance) 4A0: wait (for), await [v] * 29. SUBSTANCES, MATERIALS 4A1: air 4A2: alcohol 4A3: ash 4A4: brass (copper-zinc alloy) 4A5: carbon 4A6: chalk 4A7: chemical (substance made by or used in chemistry) 4A8: clay 4A9: cloth, fabric (material made of threads) 4AA: coal 4AB: copper 4AC: dirt, earth (tangible), soil 4AD: dust 4AE: element (substance of irreducible simplicity) 4AF: fat (oily/greasy material from animal adipose tissue or plant seeds) 4B0: fuel 4B1: glass 4B2: gold (the precious metal) 4B3: ice 4B4: ink 4B5: iron 4B6: jade (the tough green gemstone) 4B7: jewel, gem 4B8: lead (the metal) 4B9: leather (prepared hide) 4BA: medicine (substance that makes one healthy) 4BB: metal 4BC: mineral, ore 4BD: mud 4BE: neon 4BF: nitrogen 4C0: oil (a combustible fatty liquid that will not mix with water) 4C1: oil (crude oil), petroleum 4C2: oxygen 4C3: paint 4C4: paper 4C5: plastic (synthetic/processed moldable material) 4C6: poison, toxin 4C7: potassium 4C8: quartz 4C9: rock, stone 4CA: rubber 4CB: salt 4CC: sand 4CD: silk 4CE: silver (the metal) 4CF: soap 4D0: sodium 4D1: steam 4D2: steel 4D3: sulfur 4D4: tar (dark viscous liquid obtained by destructive distillation) 4D5: tin (the metal) 4D6: water 4D7: wax 4D8: wood (the substance) 4D9: wool * 30. FOODSTUFFS, ETC. 4DA: beer 4DB: bitter [aj] 4DC: bread 4DD: butter 4DE: cheese 4DF: chocolate 4E0: flavor, taste 4E1: flour (grain-powder) 4E2: food 4E3: honey 4E4: milk 4E5: pasta, noodles 4E6: pizza 4E7: salad 4E8: sandwich 4E9: sausage 4EA: soup 4EB: sour [aj] 4EC: spice, seasoning 4ED: sugar 4EE: sweet [aj] 4EF: vinegar 4F0: wine * 31. FORMS OF MATTER 4F1: arch 4F2: band, tape, flat strip 4F3: block (solid flat-surfaced mass of material) 4F4: branch (small part going out from main part) 4F5: bump, protrusion 4F6: card (stiff rectangle of material) 4F7: circle 4F8: coil 4F9: cone 4FA: crack, fissure 4FB: cross (perpendicular intersection of linear items) 4FC: crystal 4FD: cube 4FE: curve 4FF: cylinder 500: dent, nick, indentation 501: disk, disc 502: drop (of liquid) 503: film (very thin layer) 504: flared (opening up or spreading out from axis) [aj] 505: foam, froth 506: form, shape 507: furrow, rut, groove 508: garbage, trash, rubbish 509: gas 50A: helix (any corkscrew-shaped object) 50B: hole 50C: jelly (gelatinous semi-solid material), gel 50D: juice (fluid extracted from something) 50E: layer 50F: line (series of contiguous points) 510: liquid 511: loop, circuit, closed curve 512: lump, clod, blob, piece of no particular shape 513: mark (visible traces left behind) 514: matter, material, substance 515: object (concrete tangible thing) 516: opening, orifice 517: oval, ellipse 518: parallel [aj] 519: paste (any thick soft dough-like material) 51A: pattern (apparent systematic interrelationship) 51B: pile, heap, stack of things or of a substance 51C: plane (flat surface) 51D: plug, seal, stopper 51E: powder 51F: pyramid 520: ray 521: rectangle 522: ring, torus 523: rust, corrosion 524: scratch 525: sheath 526: sheet (thin rectangle of paper/cloth/etc.) 527: shower, sprinkle 528: smoke 529: solid (not a gas or liquid) 52A: sphere 52B: spike, barb, cleat, thorn 52C: spiral, whorl 52D: square 52E: stripe 52F: surface 530: swelling, inflation 531: tapered (becoming narrower toward an end) [aj] 532: thread, filament 533: triangle 534: wave 535: wedge 536: wrinkle, crease * 32. MATTER-RELATED QUALITIES 537: flat, planar [aj] 538: level, even (on the same level) [aj] 539: smooth [aj] 53A: rough, coarse, contra-smooth [aj] 53B: straight (not bent) [aj] 53C: bent [aj] 53D: pure, unadulterated, uncontaminated [aj] 53E: clean [aj] 53F: dirty, contra-clean [aj] 540: open (not shut) [aj] 541: closed, shut [aj] 542: wet [aj] 543: dry [aj] 544: sharp, keen, pointy, acute [aj] 545: dull, blunt (of little sharpness) [aj] 546: soft, malleable, yielding to pressure [aj] 547: hard, firm, resistant to pressure [aj] 548: flexible (easily able to bend) [aj] 549: stiff, rigid [aj] 54A: elastic (able to regain shape/size after deformation) [aj] 54B: durable, resilient, robust, strong (in this sense) [aj] 54C: fragile, delicate [aj] 54D: weight (degree of heaviness or lightness) 54E: heavy (of much weight) [aj] 54F: light (of little weight) [aj] 550: solid (contra-hollow) [aj] 551: hollow [aj] 552: snug (just large enough to contain X), tight (in this sense) [aj] 553: loose (contra-snug), baggy [aj] 554: taut, tight, tense, strained [aj] 555: loose (contra-taut), slack [aj] 556: viscous, thick (of high viscosity) [aj] 557: runny, thin (of little viscosity) [aj] * 33. MATTER-RELATED ACTIONS AND PROCESSES 558: absorb [v] 559: adhere (hold tightly to / stick to something) [v] 55A: beat (repeatedly hit), batter [v] 55B: blow (move/cause to move as a current of gas) [v] 55C: boil [v] 55D: bounce, rebound [v] 55E: break (into pieces) [v] 55F: build (join materials to create), construct [v] 560: burn [v] 561: burst [v] 562: consume, deplete, expend, exhaust, use up [v] 563: contain [v] 564: crush (press on so as to break or re-shape) [v] 565: cut [v] 566: dig [v] 567: dissolve [v] 568: evaporate [v] 569: explode [v] 56A: float [v] 56B: flow (travel in a current) [v] 56C: fold [v] 56D: freeze [v] 56E: grind [v] 56F: hang, suspend, dangle [v] 570: hit, strike [v] 571: melt [v] 572: mix, blend [v] 573: pollute, contaminate [v] 574: pour (cause to flow) [v] 575: preserve, maintain (keep X in good condition) [v] 576: press (do pressure to; push upon with weight or force) [v] 577: pry {British: prize} (raise/open/move with a lever) [v] 578: pull (draw something toward oneself) [v] 579: push (press on something in order to move it) [v] 57A: rot, decay [v] 57B: rub, abrade [v] 57C: sew [v] 57D: shake [v] 57E: shoot (cause to rapidly go forth) [v] 57F: sink [v] 580: spill (accidentally emit liquid) [v] 581: spread (begin to cover or cause X to cover more area) [v] 582: stab, jab [v] 583: stir, agitate [v] 584: suck [v] 585: sweep [v] 586: tear, rip [v] 587: tie, bind [v] 588: trim, prune (cut off ragged edges) [v] 589: wash [v] 58A: weave [v] 58B: wrap [v] * 34. MISC. MATTER/ENERGY TERMS - - Category owner: Gary Shannon osalu 58C: acid(ic); sour [aj] akunyosalu acid [n] okalinsu 58D: alkaline; basic [aj] akunyokalisu base; alkali [n] asala salt [n] (alkali + acid) atoma 58E: atom akonpensa 58F: balance, equilibrium (Lat. compensare) anyutaximwa 590: basis, foundation (part which supports the rest) akalome 591: electricity (informal contraction of akanyalome = fluid of light) afikexa 592: energy (Lat. efficacia) alaka 593: fire (haraka from the movie "Caveman") anyenku 594: force (that which forces or impells) anyenkunyatelu 595: gravity (earth force) atik arctic; the north anyelonyatika 596: magnet (north-finder) alenyatoma 597: molecule (colection of atoms) akunyekoto 598: power; (work = watts = footpounds/second = horsepower) anloma 599: smell, odor, aroma opusu strong (Lat. robustus) anyopusu 59A: strength (ability to exert physical power) anyefapo; anifaposwe 59B: stroke, jolt, blow of force apelu air apelumwa 59C: vacuum apelunyaka 59D: vapor, mist (also fog) apolalu 59E: polarity (electric, magnetic, etc.) opulo 59F: positive [aj] olilo 5A0: negative [aj] onxamwa 5A1: gentle, mild [aj] onxa 5A2: violent, harsh [aj] * 35. LIGHT - - Category owner: Larry Sulky esi 5A3: see [v] alome 5A4: light (visible electro-magnetic radiation) ankolo 5A5: color alomemwa 5A6: shadow, shade enyalome 5A7: shine (radiate light) [v] akunyesi 5A8: picture, image onyalome 5A9: bright (with much light present) [aj] onyalomemwa 5AA: dark, dim (with little light present) [aj] ofa 5AB: black [aj] opefa 5AC: gray {British: grey} [aj] ope 5AD: white [aj] omi 5AE: red [aj] olomi; osuta 5AF: orange (having a hue between red and yellow) [aj] olo 5B0: yellow [aj] osulo 5B1: green [aj] osu 5B2: blue [aj] omisu 5B3: purple [aj] omilosu 5B4: brown [aj] ola 5B5: beautiful [aj] olamwa 5B6: ugly [aj] akunyola 5B7: ornament, decoration amixami 5B8: blemish, blot ekaxe 5B9: hide, conceal [v] [French "cacher"] ekaxemwa 5BA: reveal, disclose [v] esiswe 5BB: examine, inspect [v] ekasati 5BC: show, exhibit, display [v] [Slavic root "kazat'"] * 36. SOUND 5BD: sound (audible waves in the air) 5BE: silent [aj] 5BF: quiet, soft, faint (of little sonic intensity) [aj] 5C0: loud (of much sonic intensity) [aj] 5C1: hear [v] 5C2: music 5C3: tone, pitch (frequency of sound waves) 5C4: whistle [v] * 37. HEAT 5C5: temperature (relative amount of heat present) 5C6: heat, warmth 5C7: cold, chilly, frigid [aj] 5C8: cool [aj] 5C9: warm [aj] 5CA: hot [aj] 5CB: bake (cook or harden by means of dry heat) [v] 5CC: cook (prepare by applying heat) [v] * 38. ASSORTED ABSTRACT CONCEPTS - - Category owner: Larry Sulky ~ewepasa 5CD: happen, occur [v] [Spanish "pasar"] 5CE: accident (unintentional and unexpected event) anyekotonyaxelo 5CF: miracle 5D0: disaster, catastrophe ~anyefu 5D1: act, deed 5D2: activity, bustle, ado 5D3: result, consequence etako 5D4: agree [v] 5D5: fight, combat [v] 5D6: protect, defend [v] 5D7: attack [v] oke 5D8: good [aj] okemwa; onxo 5D9: bad [aj] 5DA: category, classification 5DB: kind, sort, type, variety (of...) otu awa 5DC: certain, sure [aj] otu owi 5DD: probable (likely to happen/be) [aj] 5DE: cooperate, collaborate [v] 5DF: compete, strive, vie [v] elu 5E0: help, assist, aid [v] ~elumwa 5E1: interfere, hinder [v] esuki 5E2: succeed [v] esukimwa 5E3: fail [v] ~osinpo 5E4: simple [aj] ~osinpomwa 5E5: complex [aj] 5E6: condition, state, status efa 5E7: create, make (bring into existence) [v] ~efamwa 5E8: destroy (contra-create; cause to cease existing) [v] 5E9: safety, security 5EA: danger (situation in which harm is probable) otulemwa 5EB: easy [aj] otule 5EC: difficult, hard [aj] otu 5ED: true [aj] otumwa 5EE: false, untrue [aj] 5EF: famous [aj] 5F0: obscure, unheard of [aj] 5F1: injure, damage, harm [v] 5F2: repair, fix [v] 5F3: flaw, defect, imperfection 5F4: native (naturally belonging to a given realm) [aj] 5F5: chief, main, primary, principal [aj] 5F6: auxiliary [aj] oxeme 5F7: normal, ordinary, usual [aj] oxememwa 5F8: strange, weird, unusual, peculiar [aj] 5F9: trouble, difficulty 5FA: real, actual [aj] 5FB: trick, chicanery 5FC: right, correct [aj] 5FD: wrong, incorrect [aj] ekepu 5FE: reside, dwell, live [v] 5FF: camp, bivouac, temporary shelter 600: nest, den, lair (an animal's self-made house) 601: represent (act as a substitute for) [v] 602: substitute, surrogate (temporary replacement) 603: replacement (permanent substitute/substitution) 604: common, general (shared by all members of a group) [aj] 605: specific, special, particular [aj] ~anyepo 606: ability, capacity (to do something) 607: artificial (deliberately made by humans) [aj] 608: automatic [aj] 609: chance, randomicity, luck 60A: civilization 60B: clear, plain (easy to see/understand) [aj] 60C: compromise ~enyunyumu 60D: consist of, be composed of [v] 60E: depend on, rely on [v] 60F: deserve, merit, be worthy of [v] 610: detail oka 611: equal [aj] okemwa; onxo 612: evil [aj] 613: exact, precise [aj] 614: example, sample 615: exercise, practice (effort made to improve skills/health) 616: experiment 617: fertile [aj] 618: harmony (pleasing combination of stimuli) 619: just, fair, equitable [aj] 61A: match (a thing suitably associated with another) ameto 61B: method, manner, way (of doing), technique ~onyanxonyanpi 61C: mutual, reciprocal [aj] 61D: naked, nude, exposed (without the usual cover) [aj] 61E: necessary, needed, required [aj] efo 61F: need, require [v] onyepo; otu iwa 620: possible (able to happen or be done) [aj] 621: prevent (keep from happening) [v] 622: process, procedure 623: program 624: progress, advancement 625: project, undertaking, venture 626: proof, evidence 627: quality, trait, attribute, characteristic 628: ready, prepared for a task / event [aj] 629: relationship, association 62A: right (a right to do/be ...) 62B: role (an individual's function) 62C: save, rescue [v] 62D: species 62E: suitable, proper, fit(ting), appropriate [aj] ~asitema 62F: system anyekoto 630: task, chore, job, assignment ~ateko 631: technology 632: tendency, propensity, inclination 633: try, attempt, endeavor [v] elisu 634: use, utilize [v] 635: vogue, trend, fad, fashion ~elisu'n'ofomwa 636: waste, misuse [v] 637: wild, feral, untamed [aj] anyekoto 638: work, effort, labor, toil 639: riot ~asinse 63A: science 63B: serve (provide service to) [v] ale 63C: set (complete group of similar items) 63D: strike (work stoppage as protest) 63E: support [v] 63F: test, check [v] 640: torture, torment [v] *100. WORDS NOT LISTED IN ULD BASELINE unku 1000: including, containing [pr] anfi 1001: offspring atefo 1002: sibling amisi; axu 1003: Mr. / Ms., Sir or Madam 1004: meat (for eating) 1005: and/or, or (inclusive) 1006: because [conj] etonsenyaxelo 1007: to have a mystical revelation [v] enpoka 1008: invoke; summon; call forth ekesita; esinyaxelo 1009: meditate; be in a trance state u ekesita 1010: to hypnotize; to entrance another omokanyaxelo 1011: idiom "sleeping in heaven" = dead alokwo 1020: neither this one nor that one; yonder one 1021: ago [po] 1021: hence [po] emwa 1022: or (exclusive) [cj] ata 1023: adult human