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Annotated Bibliography
Baym,
Nina. "Thwarted Nature: Hawthorne as a Feminist." Nathaniel Bromell, Nicholas K. “The Bloody Hand of Labor: Work, Class, and Gender in Three Stories by Hawthorne.” American Quarterly. 42. (1990): 542-561.
Butler, Judith. Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. New York: Routledge, Chapman, and Hall, Inc. 1990. 1-149. Colacurcio, Michael. "Certain Circumstances: Hawthorne and the Interest of History." New Essays on Hawthorne's Major Tales. New York: University of Cambridge Press, 1993. An indepth look at Hawthorne's work from a historical slant using such works as The Scarlett Letter,"Young Goodman Brown," and "The Minister's Black Veil." Fetterley, Judith. "Women Beware Science: The Birthmark." Critical Essay on Hawthorne's Short Stories. Boston: G.K. Hall & Co, 1991. Ed:Albert J. Von Frank. Fetterley treats "The Birthmark" as a case study that illustrates how one may get away with murdering his wife. Fogle, Richard Harter. "Hawthorne's Fiction: The Light and the Dark." Nathaniel Hawthorne: A Study of the Short Fiction. New York: Twayne Publishers, 1993. Fogle examines Hawthorne's use of light and dark that differs from other writers of his time such as Melville. Funchess, ChantAndrea. The Tragic Impact of Public Influences on the Nineteenth-Century Home: A Reading of "The Birthmark," Rappaccini's Daughter," and other short fiction by Nathaniel Hawthorne.Thesis.NYU:The City University of New York, 1995. A probing into Hawthorne's approach to literature and how he often writes about man's personal shame and guilt Hawthorne, Nathaniel. "The Birthmark." Selected Short Stories of Nathaniel Hawthorne. New York: Fawcett Premier, 1966. Ed: Alfred Kazin. A collection of Hawthorne's classic short stories from Twice-Told Tales, Mosses from an Old Manse, and The Snow Image. James, Henry. Hawthorne. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1997. James conducts an indepth study of Hawthorne-- both as a man and as a writer. He examines Hawthorne's obsession with shame, guilt, and evil and how each helps shape American culture. Leavis, Q.D. "Hawthorne as a Poet." Critical Essays on Hawthorne's ShortStories. Boston: G.K. Hall & Co, 1991. Ed: Albert J. Von Frank. A look into Hawthorne as the critic and interpreter of American cultural history and the creator of literary tradition that has influenced James and Melville. Martin, Terrance. "The Method of Hawthorne's Tales." Nathaniel Hawthorne: A Collection of Criticism. New York: McGraw-Hill Inc, 1975. Ed: J.Donald Crowley. A comprehensive journey into Hawthorne's short stories and how such stories are responsible for the culmination of The Scarlett Letter. McCall, Dan. "Hawthorne's Familiar Kind of Preface." Nathaniel Hawthorne:A Collection of Criticism. New York: McGraw-Hill Inc, 1975. Ed: J.Donald Crowley. McCall establishes Hawthorne as the founding father who defines and redefines the Romance and how his struggles with his art and his life have helped him stand out amongst his literary peers. Person,
Leland S. Aesthetic Headaches: Women and a Masculine Poetics in Poe, Melville, and Hawthorne. Athens: University
of Georgia Press,1988. Person examines male/female
relationships in works by Hawthorne, Melville and Poe and draws thematic similarities Stoehr, Taylor. Hawthorne's Mad Scientists: Pseduoscience and Social Science in Nineteenth-Century Life and Letters. Hamden: The Shoe String Press, 1978. Stoehr studies Hawthorne's fascination with men of science and how this obsession reflects the growing interest of science during the nineteenth-century. Reid, Alfred S. "Hawthorne's Humanism: The Birthmark and Sir Kenelm Digby." American Literature 38 (1996): 337-351. Reid draws the similarities between Hawthorne's "The Birthmark" and a real-life case of Digby who had also killed his wife in an experiment. Rosenberg, Elizabeth. "The Best that Earth Could Offer: The Birthmark, A Newlywed's Story." Studies in Short Fiction 30 (1993): 145-150.Rosenberg examines Alymer's character from a neoplatonic and feminist slant and questions why he remains dissatisfied in the tale. Rucker, Mary E. "Science and Art in Hawthorne's The Birthmark." Nineteenth-Century Literature 41 (1987): 445-461. Rucker questions the interpretations of "The Birthmark" and whether the tale reflects an anti-feminist perspective, or a conflict between science and religion. Sedgewick, Eve. Between Men: English Literature and Male Homosocial Desire. Columbia: UP, 1985. 1-217. Stafford, Gwendolyn Connelley. Unity and Duality in "Rappaccini's Daughter" and "The Birthmark." Thesis. TX: Texas Tech University, 1970. Stafford uses both "The Birthmark" and "Rappaccini's Daughter" to illustrate man's quest to reestablish unity in a chaotic world. Traister, Bryce. “Academic Viagra: The Rise of American Masculinity Studies.” American Quarterly 52.2 (2000): 274-304 Wagenknecht, Edward. Nathaniel Hawthorne: The Man, His Tales,and Romances. New York: Continuum Publishing Company, 1989.Wagenknecht studies Hawthorne's life and how it influences his later tales as broken down into categories: romances, the man, and the experiments. Waggoner, Hyatt H. "Art and Belief." Nathaniel Hawthorne: A Collection of Criticism. New York: McGraw-Hill Inc, 1975. Ed: J. Donald Crowley. An examination of Hawthorne's treatment of religious subject matter through the use of irony and whimsy and how this helps to determine the relationship between art and belief in his works. Westbrook, Ellen E. "Probable Improbabilities: Verisimilar Romance in Hawthorne's The Birthmark." ATQ 3 (1989): 203-217. A look into Hawthorne's use of language in "The Birthmark" and how it illustrates verisimilitude. Yoder,
R.A. "Hawthorne and His Artist." Critical Essays on Hawthorne's Short Stories. Boston: G.K. Hall & Co, 1991. Ed:
Albert J. Von Frank.A look at Hawthorne's contribution to the American Romantic
tradition through the comparision and contrast of "The Artist of the Beautiful" to "The Birthmark." |