Periodontal (gum) disease is one of the most common conditions seen by veterinarians today. The problem begins when plaque and tartar are allowed to build up on your pet's teeth. Plaque harbors the bacteria which can infect gum tissue and the roots of teeth resulting in disease and tooth loss. Besides the negative impact on the oral cavity, bacteria can enter the bloodstream through the large network of blood vessels located near the gums and teeth. Recent studies have documented that certain heart, liver, and kidney diseases may be associated with these bacteria. 

Caring For Your Pet's Teeth

The first step in promoting oral health is to contact your veterinarian for a thorough oral examination. At this time, it may be necessary to have your pet's cleaned above and below the gumline. Like people, animals need this professional attention on a routine basis. This cleaning will require your pet to be put under anesthesia. Recently advancements in anesthetic techniques and materials have greatly reduced the risks previously associated with this procedure. However, if you have any concerns regarding anesthesia, please discuss them with your veterinarian.

Since toothbrushing is considered the most effective method of removing plaque, most veterinarians recommend an oral hygiene program which includes brushing your pet's teeth. It is important to use a toothbrush and toothpaste designed for pets. Pet toothbrushes are ultra-soft and shaped to fit your pet's mouth and teeth. Pet toothpastes have flavors that appeal to pets and need not be rinsed. Do not use human toothpaste or baking soda. These products often contain ingredients which should not be swallowed.

When brushing is not practical, veterinarians may recommend an antibacterial oral rinse or gel for some pets. These products are formulated specifically for pets, and with daily use, they can help slow accumulation of dental plaque.

Diet

Diet can be a major factor in the development of plaque and tartar. Soft or sticky foods may contribute to plaque build-up and subsequent periodontal disease. Dry food, biscuits, and newly-formulated abrasive diets can be helpful in removing plaque above the gumline. In addition, specifically-treated abrasive dental chews are also available for both cats and dogs. Providing your pet with these abrasive, resilient dental chews is often a good alternative for those days when you do not brush. However, only toothbrushing can remove plaque and food debris below the gumline. It is below the gumline where disease-causing bacteria flourish, resulting in irritation, inflammation, and infection.

Brushing your pet's teeth is easy and doesn't take much time. The first step is to select a convenient time when you and your pet are both relaxed. For the first few days, simply hold your pet as you normally do when petting him/her. Gently stroke the outside of your pet's cheeks with your finger for a minute or two. After each session, reward your pet with an appropriate treat and lots of praise. For the next few days-after your pet has become comfortable with this activity-place a small amount of an animal dentifrice on your finger and let your pet sample the flavor. Pets like the taste of the dentifrice and will soon consider it a treat. Next, introduce your pet to an animal toothbrush or fingerbrush. Place a small amount of dentifrice on the brush. Gently raise your pet's upper lip and place the brush against an upper tooth. With a slow circular motion, gently brush only that tooth and the adjoining gumline. Each day gradually increase the number of teeth brushed, but go slowly. Do not go beyond your pet's point of comfort. Build up to approximately 30 seconds of brushing per side. And remember, after each session, reward your pet with a treat and lots of praise. If you are having any problems brushing your pet's teeth, contact your veterinarian.

Important

Be patient, proceed slowly and gently. Use plenty of petting and praise. Soon, both you and your pet will look forward to the time you spend together during this important health care procedure.