| Symptoms - Pain increased with active movement - Pain on passive stretch - Loss of function - Possible snapping sound heard when injury occurs - Muscle fatigue before injury - Tenderness Signs - Muscle spasm - Swelling - Ecchymosis - Point tenderness - Loss of function - Loss of strength - Hematoma formation - Inflammation |
| Strain |
| Abdominal muscle strain Cervical strain Elbow strain Foot strain Gastrocnemius strain Hamstring strain Hand strain Hip strain Low back strain Lower leg strain Lumbosacral strain Quadriceps strain Shoulder strain Triceps strain |
| First-Degree Strain Mechanism - Minimal stretching or microtrauma to a Musculotendinous unit due to excessive forcible contraction or stretching Symptoms - Minimal local pain on active movement - Minimal loss of function - Minimal local pain on passive stretch - Muscle fatigue - Mild tenderness Signs - Minimal muscle spasm - Minimal loss of function - Minimal swelling - Minimal ecchymosis - Local tenderness - Minimal loss of strength |
| Third-Degree Strain Mechanism - Complete tearing of part of the Musculotendinous unit due to excessive forcible contraction or stretching Symptoms - Severe pain on active movement - Severe loss of function - Possible snap or pop sound when injury occurs - Severe local pain on passive stretch - Muscle fatigue at time of injury - Severe tenderness Signs - Severe muscle spasm - Severe loss of function - Swelling - Ecchymosis - Local tenderness - Severe loss of strength - Hematoma formation with possible calcium formation - Inflammation - Possible palpable defect in muscle |
| Second-Degree Strain Mechanism - Partial tearing of tissue in the Musculotendinous unit due to excessive forcible contraction or stretching Symptoms - Moderate pain on active movement - Moderate loss of function - Moderate local pain on passive stretch - Muscle fatigue - Moderate tenderness Signs - Moderate muscle spasm - Moderate loss of function - Moderate swelling - Minimal ecchymosis - Local tenderness - Moderate loss of strength - Hematoma formation - Inflammation |