Resistance training of the wrist extensors and flexors has been shown to aid in preventing tennis elbow (Gruchow & Pelleiter, 1979; Kuland, MaCue, Rockwell, & Gieck, 1979). Athletes who do not include some form of resistance training in their physical conditioning have a higher incidence of tennis elbow complaints (Gruchow & Pelleiter, 1979). In addition, 31% of the athletes who undergo a preventive resistance-training program after developing tennis elbow have a recurrence of tennis elbow symptoms, whereas 41% of the athletes who do not perform preventive resistance training have a recurrence of tennis elbow symptoms (Gruchow & Pelleiter, 1979). Resistance training has also been proven effective in pain prevention from tennis shoulder (Prist & Nagle, 1976).