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中風 Stroke (Cerebral Vascular Accident, CVA)

　

" 中風 " 就是腦血管意外 , 這些意外是由於腦部的血管被阻塞或爆裂 , 令腦部姐的組織和細胞得不到足夠的養料和氧氣而壞死 . 正由於腦部的細胞負責人體各部份的運作 , 失去這些細胞會引致身體出現了不同程度的毛病 .

" Stroke ", known as cerebral vascular accident. This accident is caused by reptures or blockage of blood vessels of brain. The repture makes the blood rushes into the brain tissue and destroys it; the blockage makes the brain tissue cannot receive inadequate blood flow. Both of them can damage the brain tissue.

Since brain tissues are important for regulating our body mechanism, the damage of them lead many problems.

　

引起中風的可能因素 Possible causes of stroke

• 吸煙 Smoking
• 血內膽固醇過高 High cholesterol level
• 高血壓 High blood pressure
• 先天性腦部血管腫瘤或血管壁過薄 Structural abnormality of blood vessel
• 心臟病 / 糖尿病 Heart disease / Diabetes
• 年紀大 Aging
• 缺乏運動 Lack of physical exercise
• 過胖 / 過重 Obesity

中風的徵狀 Syndrome of stroke

• 半身不遂 Hemiplegia
• 言語不清 / 溝通困難 Speech and language problem
• 嘴歪 / 眼斜 Deviation of facial muscles
• 吞嚥困難 Swallowing disorder (dysphagia)
• 流口水 Drooling
• 大小便失禁 Incontinence
• 感覺麻木 Lose of sense

( 如果情況嚴重 , 可導致昏迷 , 甚至死亡 If it is severe enough, stroke can lead to death)

中風患者所面對的溝道障礙 Communication problems of stroke patients

• 發音困難 / 語音不準 Speech Disorder ( dysarthria / apraxia of speech )
• 不明白他人所說的話 Comprehension Problem
• 容易忘記人名和物年名稱 Failure to recall names ( anomia )
• 閱讀 / 書寫 困難 Failure to read / write ( alexia and agraphia )
• 不能辨別時間 Loss of temporal concepts
• 不能正確地使用文法 Unable to use proper grammar
• 拼字困難 Difficult to form words and sentences
• 計算困難 Failure to calculate (acalculia)
• 不能有效控制情緒 Emotional problem

由於中風患者的細胞已經損害 , 是須要長時間來復原 . 當他們脫離了危險期 , 情況穩定後 , 醫生通常會把他們轉介至物理治療 , 職業治療 和 言語治療 , 使他們能夠自我照顧 .

Since the brain tissues of stroke patients has already been damaged, it requires a long period of time to recover. When their condition becomes stable, they have to receive various rehabilitative therapies ( e.g. speech therapy, physiotherapy, occupation therapy ). The aim of these therapy is helping them to self care themselves and restore their qualities of life.

　

所有資料只可作參考用途 , 本網不會對此負任何責任 Just of reference, this site will not take any responsibilities

參考資料來源:

"甚麼是中風" 香港衛生署 中央健康教育組 編制

"中風之後的溝通問題" 香港大學 言語及聽覺科學系 言語治療所 編制

Reference source:

Translated from pamphlet "甚麼是中風" published by Department of Health

Translated from pamphlet "中風之後的溝通" published by Speech and Language Clinic, University of Hong Kong

Murdoch, B.E. (1990) Acquired Speech and Language Disorders. Bristol: Chapman & Hall

中英文版本或有差異 Difference exists between Chinese / English version

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