Book 2 Unit 3
Life in the Age of Machines (Part 1)

1    When and where did the Industrial Revolution first begin?

       The Industrial Revolution began in the West in about 1750.

2    How did the following help cause the Industrial Revolution to start:
     (a) The increase in population.
      (b) The invention of new machines.
      (c) The development of world trade.
      (d) The accumulation of capital.
      (e) The end of feudalism in Europe.

      (a) To feed the rising population, Europeans developed faster ways of production.
      (b) This changed the production methods for industry and farming.
      (c) European states set up many overseas colonies. Trade grew. Demand rose, There was a need for quicker means of production.
      (d) When trade grew, some people could accumulate capital. To make more money, they invested their capital in developing faster ways of production.
      (e) It ended the old privileges of the upper classes. so people could trade freely. They earned more many. Demand rose. There was a need for quicker means of production.

3    What started the Agricultural Revolution?

       The Enclosure Movement started Agricultural Revolution.

4    Give two factors that helped increase production during the Agricultural Revolution?

       The use of machines in farming and the use of new farming method.

5    Which industry was the first to use machines for production? Why?

       The textile industry was the first industry to use machines for production because many new machines to make cloth were invented during this period.

6    What new sources of power were developed during the Industrial Revolution?

       New sources of power were developed during the Industrial Revolution were steam, gas, oil and electricity.

7    Who invented the first steam engine?

       A Scotsman named James Watt invented the first steam engine.

8    Who invented the first light bulb?

       An American called Thomas Alva Edison invented the light bulb.

9    Who invented the first practical steamship?

       The steamship was invented by Fulton.

10  Who invented the first steam locomotive? What was it called?

       George Stephenson invented the first steam locomotive called 'The Rocket'.

11  Who invented the first single-cylinder car?

       Benz invented the first single-cylinder car.

12  Who made the first powered flight?

       The first powered flight was made by Orville Wright.

13  Who invented the telegraph?

       An American called Morse invented the telegraph.

14  Who invented the telephone?

       The telephone was invented by an American named Alexander Graham Bell.

15  Who invented the wireless telegraph?

       An Italian called Marconi invented the wireless telegraph.

16  Who were responsible for the following in medicine?
      (a) Vaccination against smallpox.
      (b) Invention of chloroform.
      (c) Pasteurization to kill germs.
      (d) Discovery of radium.

      (a) Jenner.
      (b) Well.
      (c) Louis Pasteur.
      (d) Maine and Pierre Curie.