HJS
volume 4, issue 2, 2003-4
NOTES
This essay draws from more extensive material in a forthcoming book, Eloquent Listening: The Sound of Radio in Modernist Literature.

1 From David Glover, 'A Tale of Unwashed Joyceans: James Joyce: Popular Culture and Popular Theory' in R..B. Kershner, ed. Joyce and Popular Culture (Florida: Florida University Press, 1996): 37

2 See James A. Connor, 'Wake Language and the Experience of Radio' in Adalaide Morris, ed. Sound States: Innovative Poetics and Acoustical Technologies (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1997): 17-31.

3 Letters of James Joyce, vol. II, ed Richard Ellmann (New York: Viking, 1966): 693.

4 Just two texts which address this problem are Oliver Lodge, 'Raymond': or Life After Death (London: Methuen & Co., 1916) and Hester Travers Smith, Voices From the Void: Six Years in Automatic Communication (London: William Rider & Son Ltd., 1919).

5 See Roy Stemman, Spirits and the Spirit World (London: Aldus Books Ltd, 1975): 68. Also noted in Jeffrey Sconce, Haunted Media : Electronic Presence from Telegraphy to Television (Durham & London: Duke University Press, 2000): 61.

6 Konstantin Raudive, Breakthrough: An Amazing Experiment in Electronic Communication With The Dead, trans Nadia Fowler (London: Colin Smythe, 1971):341.

7 David Ellis, The Mediumship of the Tape Recorder: A Detailed Examination of the Jurgensen/Raudive Phenomenon of Voice Extras on Tape Recordings (Essex: Dorstel Press Ltd., 1978): 125.

8 John Bishop, Joyce's Book of the Dark (Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press, 1986): 273.
9 John Gordon, A Plot Summary (New York: Syracuse University Press, 1986): 236-253.

10 Ibid, 236. Noted in Danis Rose and John O'Hanlon, Understanding Finnegans Wake (New York: 1982): 243.

11 Connor, 20.

12 Gerald W. Balfour, 'The Ear of Dionysus' from Proceedings, Society for Psychical Research, Vol XXIX, 1918.

13 Ulysses (London: Penguin, 1992): 1013-1016; Orrin J. Dunlap, Marconi, The Man and His Wireless (New York: MacMillan & Co., 1937): 263.
JANE LEWTY FINNEGANS WAKE: LOSING CONTROL IN BOOK III iii