Biochemical Questions

 

  1. Give any four industrial chemicals produced by fermentation
  2. Define Eucaryotes
  3. What are the factors that define a microorganism?
  4. What are lipids?
  5. Draw Line weaver - Burk plot
  6. What is 'Co-factor'?
  7. Give the advantages of Immobilization
  8. What is the physical significance of Damkohler number?
  9. Define 'aeration number'
  10. Draw the typical growth curve for batch cultivation
  11. Define an 'antibiotic'
  12. What are the methods available for immobilization of whole cells?
  13. What are the different types of air sterilization carried out in practice?
  14. What is meant by 'Volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient'?
  15. Write down the Monod equation
  16. Define 'Power number'
  17. Define 'Fed-Batch reactor'
  18. What unit operations are available for purifying fermentation products?
  19. What is 'scaling up' of bioreactors?
  20. What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic fermentations?

Part B (5 x 12 = 60 Marks)

  1. (a) (i) State briefly how the microbes are classified

(ii) With the help of a neat sketch describe the different parts of a eucaryotic cell. State the functions of different parts

Or

(b) Write notes on:

(i) Strain breeding

(ii) Fermentation products - Future trends

(iii) Essential requirements for growth and media fermentation

  1. (a) Derive Michaelis - Menten equation for a single substrate enzymatic biochemical reaction stating all the assumptions. How are the parameters in the above equation evaluated? Explain with neat sketches

Or

(b) What is an inhibitor in fermentation reactions? How do you estimate whether inhibition type is competitive or non-competitive?

  1. (a) (i) Define the term - 'Decimal reduction time'

(ii) Explain death rate kinetics in detail with neat sketches of death rate curves

Or

(b) (i) What are the factors that affect the enzymatic reaction? Explain in detail

(ii) Why are the enzymes immobilized?

(iii) Explain briefly the immobilization method

  1. (a) What are the different sterilization methods? Discuss them in detail

Or

(b) How do agitation and aeration affect microbial growth? How does aeration help agitation and mixing? Explain

  1. (a) Describe an activated sludge process with a neat flow chart

Or

(b) (i) Describe with a neat sketch an ideal fermentor for an asceptic process

(ii) Discuss the various problems associated with the scale up of fermentors.

 

  1. Why has the study of micro-organisms become important suddenly?
  2. Give the classification of micro organisms belonging to the kingdom of protists
  3. Compare the role of enzymes and cells in the manufacture of a biochemical product
  4. What is gram positive and gram negative species?
  5. Name the methods of Immobilization
  6. How are enzymes classified? Give examples
  7. Explain: apoenzyme, holoenzyme, coenzyme
  8. What is product inhibition?
  9. Michaelis-Menton model for enzymes is based on Monod’s model for cell growth. Explain
  10. What are the methods available for whole cells?
  11. Define yield factor and yield coefficient
  12. Define Decimal reduction time
  13. What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic fermentation?
  14. State 6 products obtained through fermentation
  15. Define aeration number
  16. What are the factors affecting the value of kLa?
  17. What unit operations are available for purifying fermentation products?
  18. Seed reactor - Industrial reactor. Compare and Contrast
  19. What are the variables to be controlled in continuous fermentation?
  20. What is ‘Scaling up’ of bio-reactors?

Part B (5 x 12 = 60 Marks)

  1. (a) State the procedures and methods to be adopted for growing large amounts of biomass from a vial of pure strain

Or

(b)With specific and suitable examples, differentiate between a chemical and a biochemical reaction. Discuss their relative characteristics

  1. (a) Explain the competitive and non-competitive inhibitors and their identification

Or

(b) Explain the different methods of evaluation of parameters in Michaelis-Menton equation. Derive the equation

  1. (a) Discuss in detail the requirement for growth and formulation of media

Or

(b) Explain the different enzyme immobilization techniques that are practiced in research and industry

  1. (a) How do agitation and aeration affect microbial growth? How does aeration help agitation and mixing? Explain

Or

(b) Describe any two types of equipments used for batch sterilization of media

  1. (a) Write notes on:
    1. Equipments for mechanical separation
    2. Fibrous filters
    3. Ultra filtration

Or

(b) Starting from soil or water sample, describe the steps involved in the industrial production of a biochemical product

  1. Give three basic morphological forms of bacteria
  2. What is the function of 'ribosome'?
  3. What are lipids?
  4. What are the factors that define a microorganism?
  5. Draw Line-weaver Burk plot
  6. Give the advantages of immobilization
  7. Define 'yield factor' and 'yield coefficient'
  8. What is substrate inhibition?
  9. What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic fermentation?
  10. Define aeration number
  11. Give the different types of mediums
  12. What are the methods available for immobilization of whole cells?
  13. What are the different sterilization methods?
  14. What is a single cell protein?
  15. Define aeration number
  16. Write down Monod equation
  17. What is 'sealing up' of bioreactors?
  18. Define fed batch reactor
  19. What unit operations are available for purifying fermentation products?
  20. State six products obtained through fermentation

Part B (5 x 12 = 60 Marks)

  1. (a) State the procedures and methods to be adopted for growing large amounts of biomass from a vial of pure strain

Or

(b) How are microorganisms classified? Support your answer with suitable examples for each type and describe their characteristics

  1. (a) Explain the competitive and non-competitive inhibitors and their identification

Or

(b) Derive Michaelis-Menton equation for a single substrate enzymatic biochemical reaction stating all the assumptions. How are the parameters in the above equation evaluated? Explain with neat sketches

  1. (a) Based on the compositions of cell mass and product, explain how do you fix up the compositions of fermentation media

Or

(b) (i) Distinguish between growth medium and production medium

(ii) What is media formulation?

(iii) State the advantages and disadvantages of complex medium

  1. (a) (i) Discuss the purpose of aeration and agitation in fermentors

(ii) Discuss the mass transfer theories applied to oxygen transfer

Or

(b) Describe any two types of equipments used for batch sterilization of media

  1. (a) Discuss the various down-stream processing methods used in the product recovery in an industrial fermentation process

Or

(b) Write short notes on:

(i) Variables to be controlled in continuous fermentation

(ii) Equipments for mechanical separation

(iii) Fibrous filters

 

Links

Mass Transfer

 

Chemical Reaction Engineering

C P Utilities

Fluid Mechanics Notes

Mathematics for Chemical Engineering

Bio Chemical Engineering

OCTechnology

Environmental EngineeringOCTechnology

Heat Trasfer