P2 S 1,2. The sign. Occasion.
T f 3,4. Need. Manifested.
g 5. Servants. The Lord's command.
U 6. The vessels
T g 7,8. Servants. The Lord's command.
f 9,10. Need. Supplied.
S 11,12. The Sign. Explanation.
The signification is the same in each case, as to Messiah. In the first He "manifested forth His glory" (2:11); in the eighth He "manifested Himself" (21:14, note the same word in each): as to Israel, it was to manifest the depth of the nations destitution. He alone could supply that need by becoming "the glory of His People Israel" (Luke 2:32). Apart from Messiah, Israel could have no joy, no supplies, no blessing, no glory.
The first sign signified that need: "they have no wine" (2:3), while the last signified that with all toil they had "caught nothing", and had "no meat"; but it signified also that Messiah could supply both the one and the other- sustenance and joy.
Religion with all its punctilious observances could supply neither. Religion grossly corrupted (cp. Isa.1:22), was in full evidence: the "waterpots" and the "purifying of the Jews" only manifested the truth of the inspired indictment of Isa.1:10-23; while the next recorded event (John 2:13-16) manifested that they were destitute of all idea of true worship of Jehovah.
The discourses which followed carried the signification further, and showed that this spiritual destitution could be remedied only by Divine gifts; yes, in spiritual regeneration and resurrection.
Nicodemus, who was attracted by the signs (3:2), sought their signification, and was taught the need of spiritual birth from Ezek.36:24-32. The word "must" of 3:7 and 3:14 enforced and explained it; while the gift of God (v.16) was the only answer to his question "How"?
From Jerusalem and a ruler He goes to Samaria (4:4), like Peter in a later day (Acts 8:14-25); and again shows, to a Samarian woman, the need of spiritual worship, enforcing it by the same "must" (4:24); and answering her question "How"? by the same "gift of God" (4:10).
When Messiah gives joy to the nation, it will be filled "up to the brim" (2:7. Cp.Isa.9:2-7. John 21:11); and when He fills the Land with restored Israel in resurrection, it will be the last one (Ezek37:12-14). For in the 8th sign Messiah was the Caller, signifying that He will be the Gatherer (Jer.31:10); while the seven disciples (John 21:2) signify the spiritual perfection with which Israel will be gathered, yes, "one by one" (Isa.27:12) to the last one ("153")=in Biblical numerics-fruit gathering. For "though Israel be sifted among nations, as corn is sifted in a sieve, yet shall not the least grain fall upon the earth" (Amos 9:9).
26 A.D.
1 And the third day (i.e. the 3rd day after the last event [1:43-51], i.e. the 7th day. Cp. the 1st [1:19-28]; 2nd [29-34]; 3rd [1:35-42]; 4th [1:43-51]. In Genesis, after 6 days there comes a marriage) there w took place a marriage feast (as in Matt.22:2 &c. Sometimes lasting a week. Family - kinsman) in Cana of Galilee (Now Kefr Kenna, on the road from Nazareth to Tiberias. So called to distinguish it from Cana in Asher.); and the mother of Jesus was there: (i.e. was already there when the Lord arrived.)
2 And both Jesus was invited, and His disciples (probably 6 in number: viz. Andrew, Simon, Philip, Nathanael, with James and John [ Matt. 1:16-20].), to the marriage. (1st event of the 2nd advent)
3 And when the wine failed (quite a serious calamity. Wine=Heb. yayin - fermented wine of all kinds), the mother of Jesus (never called Mary in this Gospel. She became John's "mother" [19:26,27) said to Him, "They have no wine."
4 Jesus said to her, "Woman (quite a respectful form of address. Not as in Eng. In Greek authors = Madam), what have I to do with you? (A Hebraism [2 Sam. 16:10) My hour is not yet come." (Marking a crisis, which is noted in v. 11. A characteristic expression in this Gospel. See 7:6.)
5 His mother said to the servants, "Whatsoever He says to you, do it." (Mary's last recorded words. She knew of His power.)
6 And there were set there six jars of clay, according to the manner of (proportioned to the number of the guests) the purifying (will not tolerate impurities) of the Jews (i.e. Judah), containing two or three firkins apiece. (9 gallons)
7 Jesus said to them, "Fill (the 1st sign. See "cast", 21:6) the jars of clay with water." And they filled them up to the brim.
8 And He saith to them, "Draw out now, and bear to the governor of the feast." And they bare it.
9 When the governor of the feast had tasted the water that had become wine (symbolizes His blood covenant with our clay bodies), and knew not what it was: (but the servants which had drawn the water knew;) the governor of the feast called the bridegroom,
10 And said to Him, "Every man at the beginning does set forth good wine; and when men have drunk freely (intoxicated), then that which is inferior (This is man's way: i.e. give the good thing 1st, and the worst thing after. God's way is always the opposite. See. Ex. 15:2): but You have kept the good wine until now."
11 This beginning of the signs did Jesus in Cana of Galilee (translated mean "circuit"), and manifested forth His glory (this is the key to the signification of the eight signs of this Gospel. See 1:4); and His disciples believed on Him. (400 years since the "Jews" had seen a miracle. The last was in Da. 6.)
12 After this He went down to Capernaum (translated means "compassion". Now Tell Hum), He, and His mother, and His brethren, and his disciples: and they continued there not many days.
O V 2:13. Passover at hand.
W 2:14-22. Event. Cleansing of the Temple.
V 2:23-25. Passover arrived.
W 3:1-21. Event. Colloquy with Nicodemus.
13 And the Jews' (Judah & Judea) passover was at hand (celebrated by all 12 tribes of Israel, but they were separated from each other. After the revival under Ezra and Nehemiah corruption proceeded apace, and the Lord found the nation as described in Malachi. Hence, what were once "the feasts of Yehovah" are spoken of as what they had then become, "feast of the Jews" [5:1; 6:4; 7:2; 11:55; 19:42]. See 1:19.), and Jesus went up to Jerusalem.
W h 14-16. Driving not. Action.
i 17. Discipline. Remembrance of Scripture.
h 18-21. Driving out. Questioned.
i 22. Disciples. Remembrance of Scripture.
14 And found in the temple (see Matt. 23:16) those that sold oxen and sheep and doves (offering not the best they had), and the changers of money sitting: (playing church)17 And His disciples remembered that it is written, "The zeal of Your house has eaten me up." (Quoted from Ps. 69:9. God's own church turned on Him rather than teach God's Word.)
18 Then answered the Jews (residents of Judea, not necessarily of the tribe of Judah.) and said to Him, "What sign (same as "miracle", v. 11.) do You show to us [that You are the Messiah], seeing that You do these things?" (They are asking Him by what authority)
19 Jesus answered and said to them, "Destroy this Temple (The Cross. Rev. 21:22-24), and in three days I will raise it up." (The Lord's enemies remembered His words, and perverted them: saying, "I will destroy" &c. See Matt. 26:61; Mark 14:58.)
20 Then said the Jews, "Forty and six years (begun 20 B.C. See Josephus, Wars, I. xxi. I.) was this temple in building, and will You raise it up in three days?"
21 But He was speaking concerning the Temple that is to say His body.
22 When therefore He was risen out from dead people (see Matt. 17:9.), His disciples remembered that He had spoke this to them (cp. v. 17. They remembered it after His resurrection, and believed it. Contrast His enemies); and they believed the scripture (i.e. that the scripture was true. Here, probably Ps. 16:10.), and the word which Jesus had said. (Gr. logos. Because the Word is true)
23 Now when He was in Jerusalem in the passover, in the feast day, many believed in Him (this is the Temple. He became the Passover), beholding the miracles which He was doing.
24 But Jesus [for His part] did not trust Himself to them, because He Himself knew all men, (He knows the mind of Humans.)
25 And needed not that any should bear witness of mankind: for He knew what was in humans. ( He knew they couldn't accept the truth. He loves us regardless of this. This attribute elsewhere attributed only to Yehovah [Jer. 17:16; 20:12]. Here this knowledge was universal, and indvidual)
W X1 1,2. Nicodemus. Admission.
Y1 3. The Lord. Answer. Stated.
X2 4. Nicodemus. Question. "How?"
Y2 5-8. The Lord. Answer. Repeated.
X3 9. Nicodemus. Question. "How?"
Y3 10-21. The Lord. Answer. Confirmed.
3 Jesus answered and said to him, "Verily, verily, I say to you, Except anyone be begotten from above (i.e. by Divine power as in v:31,; 19:11,23. Matt. 15:38. Luke 1:3. Jas. 1:17; 3:15,17. The spirit must come from God. The Nephilim did not do this. See Gen. 6:2), he is not able see the kingdom of God." (see Matt. 11:11)
4 Nicodemus saith to Him, "How (&c. note other such questions, 4:5. 1 Cor. 15:35. All answered by "the gift of God". The question implies a negative answer) can a man be born (Nicodemus misunderstands and uses the Verb of the mother. The Lord uses it of the Father, as meaning begotten) when he is old (applying it to his own case)? can he enter the second time into his mother's womb, and be born?" (He, Nicodemus, is talking Physical, not spiritual)
5 Jesus answered, "Verily, verily, I say to you, Except a man be born of water , yes, spiritual water (the Spirit brings the soul. It is not 2 things, but 1, by which the latter noun becomes a superlative and emphatic adjective, determining the meaning and nature of the former noun, showing that one to be spiritual water: i. e. not water but spirit. So it is rendered. Cp. Eph. 5:26, and see 7:38,39 and Ezek. 36:25-27 for the "earthly things" of v.12.), he cannot enter into the kingdom of God. (Showing what the Lord meant as "see", in v.2)
Y2 j 5. Reference to question.
k 6. Explanation.
j 7. Reference to question.
k. 8. Illustration.
6 That which has been begotten of the flesh is flesh; and that which is born of the Spirit (the Holy Spirit) is spirit. (This is a fundamental law, both in nature and grace. See 1 Cor. 15:50)7 Marvel not that I said to you, You must be born from above.
8 The Spirit (the word pneuma, occ. 385 times. ) breaths where He will, and you hear His voice, but know not where it comes from, and where it goes (you can't see the Spirit in this dimension. You can feel it at times and understand): so is every one that has been begotten of the Spirit." (Converting this verse into a most solemn and independent statement of facts)
9 Nicodemus answered and said to him, "How can these things (see Jer.. 31:33; 32:39. Ezek. 11:19; 18:31; 36:25-27. Ps. 51:10) come to pass?"
Y2 A 10. Expostulation. Ignorance.
B 11. Testimony. The Lord's.
A 12. Expostulation. Unbelief.
B 13-21. Testimony. The Evangelist's.
10 Jesus answered and said to him, "Are you the [famous] teacher (referring to his official position) of Israel, and have not got to know these things? (it is written in Ecclesiastes)11 Verily, verily, I say to you, We speak that we do know, and bear witness to that we have seen; and you (i.e. you teachers of Israel) receive not our witness. (They are absorbed in the teachings of man)
12 If I have told you earthly things (Ezek. 96:25-27. 1 Cor. 15:40. Col. 3:2. 2 Cor. 5:1. Phil. 2:10; 3:19), and you believe not, how shall you believe, if I tell you of heavenly things?
B C1 13-17. Salvation. C2 18-21. Condemnation.
C1 D l 13. The Son of man. His Person.
m 14. His lifting up. His death.
n 15. Belief. Life through Him.
D l 16. The only-begotten Son.
m 17-. His mission.
n -17. Belief. Salvation through Him.
13And no man (i.e. no spirit) has gone up [of himself] into the heaven (it does not say "has been taken up by God," as Enoch and Elijah. But Christ had "gone up" when the Evangelist wrote these words), except He That came down out of the heaven, even the Son of man (see Matt. 8:20) Who is in the heaven.14 And even as Moses lifted up the serpent (symbolizes anti-Christ) in the wilderness, even so it behooved to, in order to fulfill the prophetic Scripture (see Luke 24:26,46. Acts 3:18; 17:3, and cp. Heb. 2:9-14), the Son of man be lifted up: (on the Cross)
15 That every one who believes in Him should not perish (turn to ashes, cease to exist), but have everlasting life.
16 For God so loved the world (Gr. kosmos), that He gave His only begotten Son, that whosoever (everybody, 1st to last) believes in Him should not perish, but have everlasting life. (from the beginning, past and future)
17 For God sent (Gr. apostello) not his Son into the world to judge the world;
but that the world through Him might be saved.
C2 o1 18-. Believe. Positive.
p1 -18. Believe not.Negative.
o2 19. Loving darkness. Positive and reason.
p2 20. Not comming to the Light. Negative and reason.
o3 21. Doing truth. Positive and reason.
18 He that believes on Him is not condemned: but he that believes not is condemned already,because he has not believed in Him of the only begotten Son of God.
19 And this is what it consist in the judging (i.e. the process rather than the result), that the Light (Christ) is come into the world, and the men loved the darkness rather than the Light, because their works were active evil. (Its better to help your neighbor.)
20 For every one does (practices, or habitually does) evil (= worthless things, base. ) hates the Light (some people want to do bad), and comes not to the Light, lest his deeds should be brought home to him. (Discovered and convicted)
21 But he that does (actively produces, having regard to the object and end of the action.) the truth comes to the Light, that His deeds may be made manifest (done for God, sign of God's elect), that they have been, and still continue to be wrought in God." (i.e. in His strength)
O E 22-. Coming in to Judea.
F -22. The Lord. Baptizing.
G 23,24. John. Baptizing.
G 26-36. John's disciples. Controversy.
F 4:1,2. The Lord. Baptizing.
E 4:3-. Departing from Judea.
22 After these things came Jesus and his disciples into the land of Judea;and there He tarried with them, and was [engaged in] baptizing. (Disciples did it and ant Christian can. Symbolizes the death, burial and resurrection of Christ)
23 And John also was baptizing in Aenon (= Springs. Now Farah. The springs near Umm al'Amadan, 7 1/2 miles below Beisin) near to Salim, because there was many waters (i.e. springs) there: and they came, and were baptized. (Ther was 2 seperate groups)
24 For John had been not yet cast into the prison. (Cp. Matt. 4:12)
G H1 25,26. The questioning. H2 27-36. The answer.25 Therefore (i.e. on account of the facts stated in vv. 22-24.) there arose a questioning on the part of John's disciples with the Jews (Kenites mixed in) concerning purification.
H2 J 27. God the Giver to all men.
K q 28. Contrast.
r 29. His voice.
q 30. Contrast.
r 31-34. His words.
J 35. God the Giver of all to Messiah.
K s 36-. Belief on the Son.
t -36-. Consequences. Everlasting life.
s -36-. Rebellion against the Son.
t -36. Consequences. Abiding wrath.
27 John answered and said, A man can takes [upon himself] nothing, except it have been given him from heaven. (Otherwise it doesn't amount to anything. One source for all)28 You yourselves bear me witness, that I said, I am not the Messiah, but that I am sent before Him.
29 He that has the bride (Israel) is the Bridegroom: but the friend of the Bridegroom (he played a very important part in the wedding ceremonies.), which stands and hears him, rejoices greatly because of the Bridegroom's voice: this my joy therefore is fulfilled. (This is why he, John was sent.)
30 He (Christ) must increase, but I must decrease.
31 He that comes from above is above all (all blessings come from Him): he that is of the earth is of the earth, and speaks of the earth: He that comes from heaven is above all.
32 And what he Hath seen and heard, that He testifies; and no man receives His testimony.
33 He that has received His testimony has set to his seal that God is true. (Full knowledge og God's truth in your forehead. See Rev. 9:4)
34 For He Whom God has sent speaks the words of God: for God gives not the Spirit (with art. = the Giver, not the gift. This was by measure to John, but not to the Lord. Cp. 15:26; Matt. 11:27. What John saw and heard was limited [vv. 27-30]. Did not give it to John in full measure) by measure to him.
35 The Father loves the Son, and has given all things into His hand.
36 He that obeys the Son
has everlasting life:
and he that obeys not the Son
will not see life; but the [permanent] wrath of God abides upon him."
N L1 -3-27-. The woman of Samaria. L2 -27-42. The Disciples and the Samaritans L3 43-54. The second sign.
L1 M1 -2-7-. The Circumstances.
M2 -7-27-. The Colloquy.
and departed again into Galilee.
4 And it was necessary for Him to pass through Samaria. (See Josephus, Life, 52. Ant. xx. vi. 1. A necessity not only geographically, but including the Divine counsels.)
5 Therefore comes He to a city of Samaria, which is called Sychar (translated = intoxication. Now 'Askar. A village on the slope of Mount Ebal and north of Jacob's well.), near to the parcel of ground that Jacob gave to his son Joseph. (Cp. Gen. 33:19; 48:22. Josh. 24:32)
6 Now Jacob's spring was there (Cp. Gen. 49:22). Jesus therefore, being wearied from His journey, was sitting thus on (or by) the well: and it was about the sixth hour. (of the day, i.e. noon)
7 There comes a woman out of Samaria to draw water:
M2 N u -7. The Lord. Request. I.
v 8. Disciples. Gone away.
O w1 9. The woman. "How?"
x1 10. The Lord. "If you knew." II
w2 11,12. The woman. "Where."
x2 13,14. The Lord. "I will give." III
w3 15. The woman. Give me."
x3 16. The Lord. "Go call." IV
w4 17-. The woman. "I have no husband."
x4 =17,18. The Lord. "Well said." V
w5 19,20. The woman. "Where to worship."
x5 21-24. The Lord. "Believe Me." VI
w6 25. The Woman. "Messiah comes."
N u 26. The Lord. Declaration. "I am He." VII
v 27-. Disciples. Come back.
Jesus saith to her, "Give me to drink." (The 1st word. See the seven times the Lord spoke to the woman, and the gradual assent to the final declaration in v. -26. The number 7 in Biblical numerics = spiritual perfection. This was not necessarily Biblical. This was a little out of the ordinary, because men usually didn't speak women when alone, but, He was the Messiah.)8 (For His disciples were gone away in to the city in order that they might buy meat.) (Fig. put for foods of all kinds)
9 Then said the woman of Samaria to Him, "How is it that You, being a Judean, asks drink from me, being a woman of Samaria? (for the Jews have no familiar intercourse with the Samaritans.)"
10 Jesus answered and said to her, "If you had known the gift of God, and Who it is that says to you, 'Give Me to drink;' you would have asked of Him, and He would have given you living water." (i.e. perennial unfailing. Understood all of Judah, from. Jer. 2:13; 17:13. Zech. 14:8. See Isa. 12:1-3.)
11 The woman said to Him, "Sir, You have nothing to draw with, and the well dug out is deep (In 1869 it was 105 feet, and had 15 feet of water): from where then have You that living water?
12 Are You greater than our father Jacob (Israel), which gave us the well, and drank out of himself, and his sons, and his cattle?" (She's implying "Can You offer better water than this?")
13 Jesus answered and said to her, "Everyone who is in the habit of drinking of this water will thirst again:
14 But he who may have drunk of the water that I shall give him shall by no means thirst for ever; but the water that I shall give him shall become in him a fountain of water welling up into everlasting life." (When you accept the truth, it will flow through you)
15 The woman said to him, "Sir, give me this water, that I thirst not, neither come hither (come all the way here [through, or across the plain) to draw."
16 Jesus saith to her, "Go, call your husband, and come here."
17 The woman answered and said, "I have no husband."
Jesus said to her, "You have well said, 'I have no husband':
18 For you have had five husbands; and he whom you now have is not your husband: that said you truly." (Only a supernatural entity could know this. See Jer. 3:8)
19 The woman said to him, Sir, "I perceive that You are a prophet.
20 Our fathers worshiped in this mountain (they were "religious" people . The mountain is Gerizim. The well was at its foot [Deut. 27:12.]); and You say, that in Jerusalem is the place where it is necessary to worship."
21 Jesus said to her, "Woman, believe me, the hour comes, when you shall neither in this mountain, nor yet at Jerusalem, worship the Father. (You can worship Him anywhere, doesn't have to be geographical.)
22 You worship you know not what (see 2 Kings 17:24-34. cp v. 33): we know what we worship: for salvation is of the Jews. (The people had a lot of "isms")
23 But the hour is coming, and is now on its way (its coming depended on the repentance of the nation, when all the prophecies would have been fulfilled. See Acts 3:18-26.), when the real worshipers shall worship the Father in spirit and in truth: for the Father seeks such to worship Him.
24 God is Spirit (i.e. not flesh, or material substance. Not "a" Spirit.): and they that worship Him must (note this absolute condition.) worship Him (see Rev. 7:12.) in spirit and in truth." (Your spirit should seek the Holy Spirit. He's your Father. He wants you to come to Him)
25 The woman said to him, "I know that Messiah comes (= the Anointed One), which is called Christ: when He is come, He will tell us all things." (He's going to come and explain all thing and make it clear to us.)
26 Jesus said to her, "I am He that is speaking. (This is the 7th and last of the Lord's 7 utterances, and marks the climax. 7=spiritual perfection.)
27 And upon this came His disciples,
and were wondering that He was talked with a woman (one of the 6 things forbidden to a Rabbi by the Talmud; and she being a Samaritan caused the greater wonder. Not Biblical however): yet no man said, "What do you seek?" or, "Why do you talk with her?"
28 The woman then left her water pot (this was expensive and a necessity.), and went her way into the city, and said to the men,
29 "Come, see a man, which told me all things whatsoever I did:
can this be the Christ?" (She was excited, vivacious)
30 Then they went out of the city, and were coming to Him.
31 In the mean while his disciples were asking Him, saying, "Master, eat." (Gr. Rabbi)
32 But He said to them, "I have meat to eat that you know not of." (Spiritual & truth - meat from the Word. Do you let your tummy get in the way to do the work of God? Don't go to extremes though, you must sustain yourself.)
33 Therefore said the disciples one to another, "Has any man brought Him anything to eat?"
34 Jesus said to them, "My meat is in order to do the will of Him that sent me, and to finish His work. (He was in that process)
35 Say you not, 'There are yet four months, and then comes harvest'? behold, I say to you, Lift up your eyes, and look on the fields; for they are white already to harvest. (The woman planted a seed, the Disciples cultivate it, Christ harvests it.)
36 And he that reaps receives wages, and gathers fruit unto life eternal: that both he that sows and he that reaps may rejoice together. (One does not have to do all the work. The harvest is ready, keep harvesting.)
37 And in this is true saying, 'One sows, and another reaps.'
38 I sent you to reap that whereon you bestowed no labor: other men have labored, and you are entered into their labors." (i.e. the prophets)
39 And many of the Samaritans of that city believed on Him (Some churches would miss out in this.)
on account of the saying of the woman (a divorced woman), which bore witness, "He told me all that ever I did."
40 So when the Samaritans were come to Him, they asked Him that He would tarry with them: and He abode there two days. (He doesn't discriminate.)
41 And many more believed because of His own word; (That's faith!)
42 And were saying (i.e. as one and another spoke) to the woman, "Now we believe, no longer because of your saying: for we have heard Him ourselves, and know that this is truly the Christ, the Savior of the world." (i.e. of the Gentiles as well as Judah and Israel. All peoples)
L2 T 43-46-. Departure from Judea to Galilee.
U V a -46,47. The father. Request.
b 48. The Lord. Answer.
a 49. The father. Request.
b 50-. The Lord. Answer.
W -50. Belief.
U V c 51-. The father. Return.
d -51. Servant's report.
c -52. The father. Inquiry.
d -52. Servant's reply.
W 53. Belief.
T 54. Departure from Judea to Galilee.
43 Now after the two days He departed from there, and went into Galilee.
46 So Jesus came again into Cana of Galilee, where He made the water wine.
And there was a certain royal officer (Prob. belonging to the court of Herod Antipas), whose son was sick at Capernaum.
47 When he heard that Jesus was come out of Judaea into Galilee, He went to Him, and besought Him that He would come down, and heal his son: for he was about to die. (Not the same miracle as that of the centurion's servant recorded in Matt. 8:5-12 and Luke 7:1-10. The two miracles differ as to time, place, person, pleading, plea, disease, the Lord's answer, and the man's faith, as may easily seen by comparing the two as to these details.)
48 Then said Jesus to him, "If you do not see signs and wonders, you will in no wise believe."
49 The nobleman said to Him, "Sir, come down before my child die." (He didn't need to see a miracle, he had faith and believed.)
50 Jesus said to him, "Go your way; your son lives."
And the man believed the word that Jesus had spoken to him, and he went his way.
51 But already as he was now going down, his bond-servants met him,
and told him, saying, "Your boy lives."
52 Therefore inquired he of them the hour in which he began to get better.
And they said unto him, "Yesterday at the seventh hour (1 o'clock p.m. 7=spiritual completeness. [also 1st day of Millennium dispensation.) the fever left him."
53 So the father knew that it was at the same hour, in the which Jesus said to him, "Thy son lives:" and himself believed, and his whole house.
54 This is again a second sign that Jesus did (thus begun to number the signs in this Gospel, we may continue to do so, and complete the whole 8.), when He was come out of Judaea into Galilee.