(The Day of Atonement.)
C Q 1,2. Times for entering within the Vail (Neg.) R 3. For himself alone. S 4. Garments put on. T¹ 5. Two goats and ram (people). U¹ 6. For himself (bullock). T² 7-10. Two goats (people). U² 11-14. For himself (bulluck). T³ 15-22. Two goats (people). S 23. Garments changed. R 24-28. For himself and people. Q 29-34. Time for entering within the Vail(Pos.)
1490 B.C.
3: With this shall Aaron come into the holy of holies: with a young bullock for a sin offering, and a ram for a burnt offering. (These blood rituals are no longer in effect because Christ fulfilled them and nailed them to the cross. We are to use them as types to teach us of the type of sacrifice of Christ.)
4: He shall put on the holy linen coat, and he shall have the linen breeches upon his flesh, and shall be girded with a linen girdle, and with the linen turban shall he be attired: these are holy garments; therefore shall he bathe his flesh in water (see 14:9), and so put them on. (The linen to be taken in a spiritual sense to us today as in the N.T. It symbolizes your righteous acts, which are the fiber of the linen you wear in the eternity. God wants kind after kind. Don't mix [hybrid] what He has created)
5: And he shall take of the congregation of the sons of Israel two kids of the goats for a sin offering, and one ram for a burnt offering. (The Day of Atonement is 5 days before the Feast of Tabernacles)
6: And Aaron shall offer his bullock of the sin offering, which is for himself, and make an atonement for himself, and for his house. (See Ex.29:33)
7: And he shall take the two goats, and present them
before the Lord (Yehovah) at the entrance of the tent of the assembly.
8: And Aaron shall cast lots upon the two goats; one lot
for the Lord (Yehovah), and the other lot for the scapegoat
(Heb. for 'Azazel. This "for" looks like a personality answering to "for Yehovah". If it is the Evil one who is meant, then it is for his defiance. It is the goat of departure = Satan. All the sins of the world that Christ takes away, are put on Satan.).
9: And Aaron shall bring the goat upon which the Lord's (Yehovah's) lot came up (i.e. out of the bag containing the Urim and Thummim. No other means of taking Yehovah's lot, or judgement. See Ex.28:30), and offer him for a sin offering. ( = "make him [the sin offering]". 2 Cor.5:21. Heb. 'asah. Here looking forward to the time where Christ Himself would be offered)
10: But the goat, on which the lot came up to be the
scapegoat (see v.8,22), shall be presented (=be made to stand) alive before Yehovah, to make
an atonement with him (Heb. "for him", see vv.16,18. The scapegoat was not made to make atonement, but attonement was made for it. Hence he was to be "let go" free. See v.22), and to let him go for a scapegoat into the wilderness. (Or desert. Same one Satan tempted Christ in. Symbol of abode of all evil things [Isa.13:21; 34:14. Matt.12:42. Luke 8:27; 11:24. Rev.18:2.] 'Azazel probably the personification of all that is "great and terrible" there [Deut.1:19; 8:15. Jer.2:6].)
11: And Aaron shall bring the bullock of the sin offering, which is for himself, and shall make an atonement for
himself, and for his house, and shall kill the bullock of
the sin offering which is for himself: (This, to get his own act together before he comes close to the holy of holies.)
12: And he shall take a censer full of burning coals of
fire from off the altar before Yehovah (only fire from the bronze altar of burnt offering, where atonement had been made, could be used for kindling the incence on the golden altar in the holy place. See 10:1,7. All other fire was "strange fire"), and his hands full of sweet incense beaten small, and bring it within the vail: (Cp. Rev.8:3-4)
13: And he shall put the incense upon the fire before
Yehovah, that the cloud of the incense may cover the mercy
seat that is upon the testimony, that he die not:
14: And he shall take of the blood of the bullock, and
sprinkle it with his finger upon the mercy seat
eastward (Messiah in Jerusalem. Sin totally done away with ["IF" you believe on Him] ); and before the mercy seat shall he sprinkle of the blood with his finger seven times. (#7 = spiritual perfection.)
15: Then shall he kill the goat of the sin offering, that
is for the people, and bring his blood within the vail, and do with that blood as he did with the blood of the bullock, and sprinkle it upon the mercy seat, and before the mercy
seat: (Symbolizes the blood of Christ on the altar = the cross.)
16: And he shall make an atonement for the holy of holies, because of the uncleanness of the sons of Israel, and
because of their rebellion in all their sins (or, revolt. Heb. påsh‘a. Sin against lawful authority. Often rendered transgression [Ps.51:13. Prov.28:21. Isa.43:27]. In Prov.10:12 the action of love or mercy shown stands in strong contrast to this character of the sin): and so shall he do for the tent of the assembly, that remains among them in the midst of their uncleanness. (They fell so short they had to have the Day of Atonement for Him [God] to ascociate with them [and us].)
17: And there shall be no man (privately. Heb. ’ådam [without the article] = human being. This effectually disposes of all priestly pretentions now, while the Antitype [Christ] is "within the vail". See Heb.4:14; 6:20; 9:24.) in the tent of the assembly when he goes in to make an atonement in the holy of holies, until he come out, and have made an atonement for himself (it always starts at the top), and for his household, and for all the congregation of Israel.
18: And he shall go out to the altar that is before
Yehovah, and make an atonement for it; and shall take of
the blood of the bullock, and of the blood of the goat, and put it upon the horns of the altar round about.
19: And he shall sprinkle of the blood upon it with his
finger seven times, and cleanse it, and hallow
(see Ex.3:5) it from the uncleanness of the sons of Israel.
20: And when he has made an end of reconciling the holy of holies, and the tent of the assemly, and the altar, he
shall bring the live goat:
21: And Aaron shall lay both his hands upon the
head of the live goat (this for solemnity; only here, on this occasion), and confess over him all the perverseness of sons of Israel (note the 4 "alls" in vv.21,22. To emphasise the completeness of our delivernce from sins, and their entire removal), and all their
rebellion in all their sins, putting them upon the head of
the goat (quite a load, sins will depart), and shall send him away by the hand of a fit man (i.e. Christ. He is the only "fit Man" to do so. See Heb. 9) into the wilderness:
22: And the goat shall bear away (as in Isa.53:4) upon him all their perverseness to a land not inhabited (Heb. "a land cut off"): and he shall let go the goat in the wilderness. (Nature has a way of cleansing itself. God created this earth so that it would regenerate and refurbish itself. Sins belong to Satan because he started it all in the first earth age, and even now if you let him. )
23: And Aaron shall come into the tent of the assembly, and shall put off the linen garments, which he put on when he went into the holy of holies, and shall leave them there:
24: And he shall wash his flesh with water in the holy of
holies, and put on his garments, and come forth, and offer
his burnt offering, and the burnt offering of the people,
and make an atonement for himself, and for the people.
25: And the fat of the sin offering shall he burn (as incesne) upon the altar.
26: And he that let go (=he that leads the goat to, or for, 'Azazel) the goat for the scapegoat shall wash his clothes, and bathe his flesh in water, and afterward come into the camp.
27: And the bullock for the sin offering, and the goat for the sin offering, whose blood was brought in to make
atonement in the holy of holies, shall one carry forth
outside the camp (cp.6:11. Heb.13:11); and they shall burn (down) in the fire their skins, and their flesh, and their dung.
28: And he that burns them (down) shall wash his clothes, and bathe his flesh in water, and afterward he shall come into the camp.
29: And this shall be a statute for ever to you: that in
the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month
(26,27 Sept.), you all shall afflict your souls, and do no work at all (Heb. = "do no manner of work". This legal expression occ. 5 times, #5 = grace, in the Petateuch, but is diferenty rendered. See 23:3,28,31, Num.29:7. Work on the Sabbath day incurred stoning: on this day excommunication), whether it be one of your own
country, or a stranger that sojourns among you:
30: For on that day shall the priest make an atonement for you, to cleanse you, that you all may be clean from all
your sins before Yehovah.
31: It shall be a Most holy Sabbath of rest to you (see Ex.16:23), and you all shall fast your souls, by a statute for ever.
32: And the priest, whom he shall anoint, and whom he
shall consecrate (=install, see Ex.28:41. Lev.9:17) to minister in the priest's office in his father's stead, shall make the atonement, and shall put on the linen clothes, even the holy garments:
33: And he shall make an atonement for the holy of holies, and he shall make an atonement for the tent of the
assembly, and for the altar, and he shall make an atonement for the priests, and for all the people of the
congregation.
34: And this shall be an everlasting statute to you, to
make an atonement for the sons of Israel for all their sins once a year." And he did according as the Lord (Yehovah) commanded
Moses.
A² w¹ 1-9. The appointed place. w² 10-16. The appointed food.
E x1 18:1-18. Unlawful connections. x² 18:19-30. Unlawful lusts. x³ 19:1-37. Unlawful practices. x4 20:1-27. Unlawful defilements.
x² y¹ 19-24-. Commands. z¹ -24,25. Reason. y² 26. Command. z² 27-29. Reason. y³ 30. Command.
19: Also you shall not approach to a woman to uncover her
nakedness, as long as she is put apart for her uncleanness.
20: Moreover you shall not lie carnally with your
neighbour's wife, to defile yourself with her.
21: And you shall not let any of your children pass
through the fire to Molech (i.e. into his arms, from which the child passed through the fire to him. Molech always has the article, except 1 Kings 11:7, which is probably a copyist's ommission, denoting the king, of the king-idol. See v.21; 20:23,4,5. See seq. 2 Kings 23:10. Jer.32:35. The Massorites pointed it Molech, to assimilate it to "shameful thing", but ommitted to do so in Isa.30:33 and 57:9, which they left melech = king. It should read Molech in these two pasages also. This was a live child for sacrifice. Cremation is o.k. for prsons who are dead already in this day and age of exhorbidant funeral expenses), neither shall you profane the name of your God (Elohim): I am the Lord (Yehovah).
22: You shall not lie with mankind, as with
womankind: it is a thing to be abhored. (Refering to the sin of Sodom, which place it's name, Gen.19:5. Cp.20:13. Judg.19:22. 1 Kings 14:24)
23: Neither shall you lie with any beast to defile
yourself therewith (this was part of the religious worship of the Egyptians): neither shall any woman stand before a beast to lie down thereto: it is confusion.
24: Defile not yourselves in any of these things:
for in all these the nations are defiled which I cast out
before you:
25: And the land is defiled: therefore I do visit the
perverseness thereof upon it, and the land itself
vomits out her inhabitants. (Cp. "spued" v.28. From the beginning, the earth has shared the consequences of man's guilt [Gen.3:17. Rom.8:19-22]. Since it yeilds no fruit when man yeilds no obedience; and defiled when man is defiled [Deut.11:17]. Is blessed when man is blessed [Lev.25:19; 26:4. Deut.32:43. Mourns when man sins [Isa.24:4,5]. Glad when God avenges His People [Ps.96:11-13.)
26: You all shall therefore keep My statutes and My regulations, and shall not commit any of these abominations (=things to be abhored); neither any of your own nation, nor any stranger that sojourns among you:
27: {For all these things to be abhored have the
men of the land done, which were before you, and the land
is defiled;} (These "doings" are specialy legeslated against, because these were corruptions pertaining to the origin and character of the Nephilim. See Gen.6:2. These formd the nations of Canaan, and this was why they had to be destroyed by the sword of Israel, as those in the days of Noah had to be destroyed by the Flood. Verses 24 & 25 are emphasised by the other way of putting facts)
28: That the land not spue (=vomit) you out also, when you all defile it, as it vomitted out the nations that were before you.
29: For whosoever shall commit any of these things to be
abhored, even the souls that commit them shall be cut off
from among their people.
30: Therefore shall you all keep My charge, that you all commit not any one of these abominable statutes (because they were enactments of the land, cp. v.3. The word is rendered "statutes" in Deut.6:24; 16:12; and 26:16), which were committed before you, and that you all defile not yourselves therein: I am Yehovah your Elohim.' " (This body of laws, chapter 18, is emphasised and solenized by beginning and ending with the same expression.)
x³ W¹ 1-8. Sundry commands and prohibitions. X 9,10. Gleanings. W² 11-22. Sundry commands and prohibitions. X 23-25. Firstfruits. W³ 26-37. Sundry commands and prohibitions.
23: And when you all shall come into the land (the second of 4 prospective laws. See 14:34. Cp. 19:23; 23:10; 25), and shall have planted all manner of trees for food, then you shall count the fruit thereof as uncircumcised (or uncovenented): three years
shall it be as uncircumcised to you: it shall not be eaten
of.
24: But in the fourth year all the fruit thereof shall be
holy to praise the LORD withal. (=for a sacred and great praise to Yehovah)
25: And in the fifth year shall you all eat of the fruit
thereof, that it may yield to you the increase thereof: I
am the Lord (Yehovah) your God (Elohim).
26: You all shall not eat any thing with the blood:
neither shall you all use enchantment, nor observe
times. (i.e.watch clouds, or days, for good or ill luck, e.g. not commencing a journey on a friday. See v.31.)
27: You all shall not round the corners of your heads
(i.e. to round cut, so as to have a tuft of hair, like the Canaanitish priests. Cp. Jer.9:26; 25:23; 49:32), neither shall you mar the corners of your beard. (As Egyptians did. See Gen.41:14.)
28: You all shall not make any cuttings in your
flesh for the dead, nor print any marks upon you: I am
Yehovah. (A practice of Canaanitish heathen worship. Cp.21:5. Deut.14:1. 1 Kings 18:28. Jer.48:37. Thus there is such a thing as a "dead soul" as well as a "living soul" [Gen.2:2]; so also in 21:1; 22:4. Num.5:2; 6:11. Nephesh is incorrectly rendered "body" in 21:11. Num.6:6; 19:11,13; and "dead body" in Num.9:6,7,10. Hag.2:13. In all these passages the Heb. nephesh, soul, is renderedthus, and yet it is rendered "life" in 17:14 and elsewhere.)
29: Do not prostitute your daughter, to cause her
to be a whore; lest the land fall to whoredom, and the land become full of wickedness. (The common practice, as a religious act, by the Canaanite and other ancient forms of idolatry.)
30: You all shall keep My sabbaths (not man's), and reverence My sanctuary: I am the Lord (Yehovah).
31: Regard not them that have familiar spirits
(these are evil spirits impersonating dead human beings, and attaching themselves only to "mediums" and those who give up their own will to them. A dread reality is provided against these enactments. Cp. 20:27. Deut.18:10-12. 1 Chron.10:13-14. Isa.8:19. The Heb. 'ob, borrowed from an Akkadian word, ubi = a charm, used of one who was mistress of the spell, or spirit. Isa.29:4. See Acts 16:16, where it is defined as "a spirit of Python" = Pythius Apollo, i.e. the devil), neither seek after wizards (=knowing ones, those having occult knowledge), to be defiled by them: I am the Lord (Yehovah) your God (Elohim).
32: You shall rise up before the hoary head, and honour
the face of the old man, and love your Elohim (perhaps an ellipsis, "love a visitation from your Elohim"): I am Yehovah.
33: And if a stranger sojourn with you in your land, you
all shall not vex him. (=oppress.)
34: But the stranger that dwells with you shall be to you
as one born among you, and you shall love him as yourself
(cp. v.18); for you all were strangers in the land of Egypt: I am the Lord (Yehovah) your God (Elohim).
35: You all shall do no unrighteousness in judgment, in
measures of length and dimention, in measures of weight, or in measure of capacity.
36: Just balances (=balance of justice, genitive of character. So with other measures in this verse. Cp. Deut.25:13-16. Prov.11:1; 16:11; 20:10,23), just weights, a just ephah (about 3 pecks), and a just hin (about 1 gal.), shall you all have: I am Yehovah your Elohim, Which brought you out of the land of Egypt.
37: Therefore shall you all observe all My statutes, and
all My regulations, and do them: I am the Lord (Yehovah).' "