x4 Y 1-6. Molech and witchcraft. Z 7. Sanctification. A 8. Charge as to obedience. B 9. Dealth penalty: cursing parents. B 10-21. Death penalty: criminal connections. A 22-25. Charges as to obedience. Z 26. Sanctification. Y 27. Witchcraft.
1490 B.C.
7: Sanctify yourselves therefore, and be you all holy: for I am the Lord (Yehovah) your gOD (Elohim).
8: And you al shall keep My statutes, and do them: I am the Lord (Yehovah Mekadishkem) which does sanctify you. (One of the Yehovah titles. See intro)
9: For every one that curses his father or his mother shall be surely put to death: he has cursed his father or his mother; his blood shall be upon him. ("blood" put for guilt, and "guilt put for penalty.)
10: And the man that committs adultery with another man's wife, even he that committs adultery with his neighbour's wife, the adulterer and the adulteress shall surely be put to death.
11: And the man that lies (NOT "looking" at naked body) with his father's wife has uncovered his father's nakedness (see 18:8): both of them shall surely be put to death; their guilt shall be upon them.
12: And if a man lie with his daughter in law (see 18:15), both of them shall surely be put to death: they have worked confusion; their guilt shall be upon them.
13: If a man also lie with a male (see 18:22), as he lies with a woman, both of them have committed a thing to be abhored: they shall surely be put to death; their guilt shall be upon them.
14: And if a man take a wife and her mother (see 18:27), it is a disgraceful thing (Heb. chesed. Chesed is a Homonym: i.e. another word, spelt the same. It means: A - Mercy, grace, goodness [Gen.24:12. 2 Sam.7:15. 1 Chron.19:2. 2 Chron.6:14. Job 37:13. Ps.103:4,8,11 &c. But here: B - it is chesed, a disgraceful or reproachful thing. It is also taken here and in Prov.14:34): they shall be burnt (down) with fire (i.e. in judgement), both he and they; that there be no disgraceful thing among you.
15: And if a man lie with a beast (see 18:23), he shall surely be put to death: and you all shall slay the beast.
16: And if a woman approach to any beast, and lie down thereto, you shall kill the woman, and the beast: they shall surely be put to death; their guilt shall be upon them.
17: And if a man shall take his sister (see 18:9), his father's daughter, or his mother's daughter, and see her nakedness, and she see his nakedness; it is a disgraceful thing; and they shall be cut off in the sight of their People (a special penalty is attached to this disgraceful thing ): he has uncovered his sister's nakedness; he shall bear his perverseness.
18: And if a man shall lie with a woman having her sickness (see 15:24; 19:19), and shall uncover her nakedness; he has discovered her fountain, and she has uncovered the fountain of her blood: and both of them shall be cut off from among their People.
19: And You shalt not uncover the nakedness of your mother's sister, nor of thy father's sister: for he uncovers his near kin: they shall bear their perverseness.
20: And if a man shall lie with his uncle's wife, he has uncovered his uncle's nakedness: they shall bear their sin; they shall die childless.
21: And if a man shall take his brother's wife, it is an unclean thing: he has uncovered his brother's nakedness; they shall be childless.
22: You all shall therefore keep all My statutes, and all My judgments, and do them: that the land, to which place I bring you to dwell therein, spue you not out.
23: And you all shall not walk in the statutes of the nations (it was this that brought down the judgement of extermination. No other remedy would do. These nations were descended from the Nephilim [Gen.6:2], who like those who were destroyed by the Flood were "after that" [Gen.6:4], to be destroyed by the sword of Israel), which I cast out before you: for they committed all these things, and therefore I abhorred them.
24: But I have said to you, 'You all shall inherit their land, and I will give it to you to possess it, a land that flows with milk and honey: I am the Lord (Yehovah) your gOD (Elohim), which have separated you from other people.
25: You all shall therefore put difference between clean beasts and unclean, and between unclean fowls and clean: and you all shall not make your souls abominable by beast, or by fowl, or by any manner of living thing that creeps on the ground, which I have separated from you as unclean.
26: And you all shall be holy to Me: for I Yehovah am holy, and have severed you from other people, that you all should be Mine.
27: A man also or woman that hath a familiar spirit, or that is a wizard, shall surely be put to death: they shall stone them with stones: their guilt shall be upon them.' "
D C¹ 21:1-22:16. Persons. C² 22:17-31. Offerings.
C¹ D 21:1-15. Defilements (mourning). E 21:16-24. Blemishes. D 22:1-16. Defilements (uncleanness).
D F G a 1-5. Relations. b 6. Reason. J c 7-. Wife. d -7,8. Reason. H 9. Daughter. F G a 10-12-. Parent. b -12. Reason. J c 13-15-. Wife. d -15. Reason.
6: They shall be holy to their God (Elohim) (=set apart, see Ex.3:5, here, a singular noun = a seperated set,), and not profane the name of their God (Elohim): for the offerings made by fire to the Lord (Yehovah), and the bread (=food of all kinds) of their God (Elohim), they do bring near: therefore they shall be set apart.
7: They shall not take a wife that is a whore, or profane; neither shall they take a woman put away from her husband:
for he is set apart to his God.
8: You shall sanctify him therefore;
for he brings near the bread of you Elohim: he shall be seperated to you: for I the Lord (Yehovah Mekaddishkem), Which sanctify you, am holy (set apart).
9: And the daughter of any priest, if she profane herself by playing the whore, she profanes her father: she shall be burnt (down) with fire.
10: And he that is the high priest among his brethren (see 4:3), upon whose head the anointing oil was poured, and that is consecrated (=installed, see Ex.28:41) to put on the garments, shall not uncover his head, nor tear his clothes; (see 10:6; 13:45.)
11: Neither shall he go in to any dead soul (the opposite of "living soul" in Gen.2:7. See 19:28), nor defile himself for his father, or for his mother;
12: Neither shall he go out of the sanctuary, nor profane the sanctuary of his God (Elohim); for the crown (=consecration, i.e. Nazariteship) of the anointing oil of his God (Elohim) is upon him:
I am the Lord (Yehovah).
13: And he shall take a wife in her virginity.
14: A widow, or a divorced woman, or profane, or a harlot, these shall he not take: but he shall take a virgin of his own people to wife.
15: Neither shall he profane his seed among his people:
for I the Lord (Yehovah Mekaddishkem) do sanctify him.' "
D e¹ 1,2-. General. f¹ -2.Reason. e² 3-. Uncleaness. f² -3. Reason. e³ 4-8-. Leprous, &c. f³ -8. Reason e4 9-16-.Strangers. f4 -16. Reason.
I am the Lord (Yehovah).
3: Say to them, 'Whosoever he be of all your seed among your generations, that goes to the holy things, which the sons of Israel hallow to Yehovah, having his uncleanness upon him, that soul shall be cut off from My presence (Occurs only here in the Pentateuch; elsewhere, "cut off from his people". See 7:20. Accounted here for the seriousness of the offence.):
I am the Lord (Yehovah).
4: What man soever of the seed of Aaron is a leper, or has a running issue; he shall not eat of the holy things, until he is clean. And whoso touches any thing that is unclean by the dead (=a dead soul, cp. v.11), or a man whose seed goes from him; (see 15:16.)
5: Or whosoever touches any creeping thing, whereby he may be made unclean, or a man of whom he may take uncleanness, whatsoever uncleanness he has;
6: The soul which has touched any such shall be unclean until evening, and shall not eat of the holy things, unless he bathe his flesh with water. (see 14:9)
7: And when the sun is down, he shall be clean, and shall afterward eat of the holy things; because it is his food.
8: That which dies of itself, or is torn with beasts, he shall not eat to defile himself therewith:
I am the Lord (Yehovah).
9: They shall therefore keep My ordinance (=charge), lest they bear sin (=penalty) for it, and die therefore, if they profane it: I Yehovah do sanctify them.
10: There shall no stranger eat of the holy thing: a sojourner of the priest, or an hired servant, shall not eat of the holy thing.
11: But if the priest buy any person with his money (i.e. a heathen slave), he (the slave so bought, emphatic) shall eat of it, and he that is born in his house: they shall eat of his food (any kind).
12: If the priest's daughter also be married to a Israelite (but not of Aaron seed, Num.16:40), she may not eat of a heave offering of the holy things.
13: But if the priest's daughter be a widow, or divorced, and have no child, and is returned to her father's house, as in her youth, she shall eat of her father's food: but there shall no stranger eat thereof.
14: And if a man eat of the holy thing through ignorance (see 4:2,22,27; 5:15,18), then he shall put the fifth part (20%) thereof to it, and shall give it to the priest with the holy thing.
15: And they shall not profane the holy things of the sons of Israel, which they offer up (as a heave offering) to the Lord (Yehovah);
16: Or suffer them to bear the penalty of ignorance, when they eat their holy things:
for I the Lord (Yehovah Mekaddishkem) do sanctify them.' "
C² K 17,18-. General charge. L -18-21. Burnt offerings and Peace offerings. M 22-25. Offerings; their perfection. M 26-28. Offerings; their age. L 29,30. Meal offerings. K 31-33. General charge.
17: And the Lord (Yehovah) spoke to Moses, saying, (see 5:14)
18: "Speak to Aaron, and to his sons, and to all the sons of Israel, and say to them,
What man soever he be of the house of Israel, or of the strangers in Israel, that will bring near his offering for all his vows, and for all his freewill offerings (cp. Ps.40:8. John 10:17,18; 17:4. Phil.2:7,8), which they will bring near to the Lord (Yehovah) for a burnt offering;
19: You all shall offer at your own will (=for your acceptance, for this type of offering see 7:15,16) a male without blemish, of the beeves, of the sheep, or of the goats.
20: But whatsoever has a blemish, that shall you all not offer: for it shall not be acceptable for you.
21: And whosoever offers a sacrifice of peace offerings to Yehovah to accomplish his vow, or a freewill offering in beeves or sheep, it shall be perfect to be accepted; there shall be no blemish therein.
22: Blind, or broken, or maimed, or having a benign tumor, or scurvy, or scabbed, you all shall not offer these to the Lord (Yehovah), nor make an offering by fire of them upon the altar to the Lord (Yehovah).
23: Either a bullock or a lamb that has any thing superfluous or lacking in his parts, that you may prepare for a freewill offering; but for a vow it shall not be accepted.
24: You all shall not bring near to Yehovah that which is bruised, or crushed, or broken, or cut; neither shall you all make any offering thereof in your land.
25: Neither from a stranger's hand shall you all offer the food of your Elohim of any of these; because their corruption is in them, and blemishes be in them: they shall not be accepted for you.' "
26: And the Lord (Yehovah) spoke to Moses, saying,
27: "When a bullock, or a sheep, or a goat, is brought forth, then it shall be seven days under the dam; and from the eighth day and thenceforth it shall be accepted for an offering made by fire to Yehovah.
28: And whether it be cow or ewe (only here and Num.18:17), you all shall not kill it and her young both in one day.
29: And when you all will slay an offering as a sacrifice of thanksgiving to the Lord (Yehovah), offer it for your own acceptance.
30: On the same day it shall be eaten up; you all shall leave none of it until the next day: I am Yehovah.
31: Therefore shall you all keep My commandments, and do them: I am the Lord (Yehovah).
32: Neither shall you all profane My holy name; but I will be hallowed among the sons of Israel: I am the Lord (Yehovah) Which hallow you,
33: That brought you out (see 11:45) of the land of Egypt, to be your God (Elohim): I am the Lord (Yehovah)."
C N P 23:1-44. Weekly and annual. Q 24:1-9. Repititions from Exodus.
O 2:10-23. Episode of blasphemer.
N P 25:1-55. Sabbatic and jubilee. Q 26:1,2. Repititions from Exodus.
P R T¹ 1,2. General charge. U¹ 3. Seventh day (sabbath rest). T² 4. General charge. S V¹ 5-8. Passover. W¹ 9-14. Unleavened bread. V² 15-21. Pentecost. W² 22. Harvest. V³ 23-25. Trumpets. W³ 26-32. Atonement. V4 33-36. Tabernacles. T³ 37,38. General charge. U² 39-43. Seventh month (Booths). T4 44. General charge.
3: Six days shall work be done: but the seventh day is the sabbath of rest (see Ex.16:23), an holy assembly; you all shall do no work therein: it is the sabbath of the Lord (Yehovah) in all your dwellings.
4: These are the feasts of the Lord (Yehovah) (=these are the appointed seasons, thus marking the sabbath offering distict. This was their true character. But in our Lord's day they had denegraded into "feasts of the Jew", see v.2), even set apart assemblies, which you all shall proclaim in their seasons.
5: In the fourteenth day of the first month (Called in Pentateuch "Abib" [Ex.13:4; 23:15; 34:18. Deut.16:1], and "Nisan" in later Books [Neh.2:1. Est.3:7] = about the beginning of April, or more acurately, 14 days from the spring equinox = April 3rd-4th) between evenings (any time from sunset of one day until sunrise of the second day) is the Lord's (Yehovah's) passover. (This is the first of Feasts; Tabernacles is the seventh. First Redemption; last, Rest. Redemption is the title to rest.)
6: And on the fifteenth day of the same month (April 4-5th) is the feast of unleavened bread to Yehovah (note the exception in v.17): seven days you all must eat unleavened bread.
7: In the first day you all shall have a set apart assembly: you all shall do no servile work therein. (=laborious work)
8: But you all shall bring near an offering made by fire to the Lord (Yehovah) seven days: in the seventh day (April 10-11th) is a set apart assembly: you all shall do no laborious work therein.' "
9: And Ythe Lord (Yehovah) spoke to Moses, saying, (see 5:14)
10: "Speak to the sons of Israel, and say to them, 'When you all be come into the land which I give to you (see 14:34), and shall reap the harvest thereof, then you all shall bring a sheaf of the firstfruits of your harvest to the priest: (This Antitype is Christ, the firstfruits. 1 Cor.15:23.)
11: And he shall wave the sheaf before the Lord (Yehovah) (see Ex.29:27), to be accepted for you: on the next day after the sabbath the priest shall wave it.
12: And you all shall prepare (see Lev.9:7) that day (all these offerings without leaven, cp. v.17) when you all wave the sheaf a he lamb without blemish of the first year for a burnt offering to the Lord (Yehovah).
13: And the meal offering thereof shall be two tenth deals (aprox. 2 quarts) of fine flour mingled with oil, an offering made by fire to Yehovah for a sweet satisfaction (see Gen.8:21): and the drink offering thereof shall be of fermented wine, the fourth part of an hin (=1 quart aprox.).
14: And you all shall eat neither bread, nor parched corn, nor green ears, until the selfsame day that you all have brought an admittance offering to your God (Elohim): it shall be a statute for ever throughout your generations in all your dwellings. (See v.21; 3:17; 6:18,22; 7:34; 10:9,15; 24:8,9. Ex.12:14; 29:28; 30:21. Num.18:8,11,19. Jer.5:22, &c.)
15: And you all shall count to you from the next day after the sabbath, from the day that you all brought the sheaf of the wave offering; seven sabbaths shall be complete: (Cp. Luke 18:12. Matt.28:1. Hence the name "feast of weeks" in O.T. Ex.34:22. Deut.16:10,16. 2 Chron.8:13.)
16: Even to the next day after the seventh sabbath shall you all number fifty days (Hence the name Pentecost. Acts 2:1; 20:16. 1 Chron.16:18. This day is May 23-24th); and you all shall offer (or bring near) a new meal offering to the Lord (Yehovah). (see 2:1.)
17: You all shall bring out of your habitations two wave loaves of two tenth deals: they shall be of fine flour; they shall be baken with leaven; they are the firstfruits to Yehovah. (This great exception is made because the antitype is not Christ but human kind, and not without sin. "They that are Christ's", 1 Cor.15:23. Cp. vv.6,10 above)
18: And you all shall bring near with the bread seven lambs without blemish of the first year, and one young bullock, and two rams: they shall be for a burnt offering to the Lord (Yehovah), with their meal offering, and their drink offerings, even an offering made by fire, of sweet satisfaction to Yehovah.
19: Then you all shall prepare one kid of the goats for a sin offering, and two lambs of the first year for a sacrifice of peace offerings.
20: And the priest shall wave them with the bread of the firstfruits for a wave offering before the Lord (Yehovah), with the two lambs: they shall be holy (=set apart) to the Lord (Yehovah) for the priest.
21: And you all shall proclaim publicly on the selfsame day, that it may be a set apart assembly to you: you all shall do no laborious work therein: it shall be a statute for ever in all your dwellings throughout your generations.
22: And when you all reap the harvest of your land, (In the Antitype = "the end" or the remaider) you shall not make clean riddance of the corners of your field when you reap, neither shall you gather any gleaning of your harvest: you shall leave them to the poor, and to the stranger: I am the Lord (Yehovah) your God (Elohim).' "
23: And the Lord (Yehovah) spoke to Moses, saying,
24: "Speak to the sons of Israel, saying, 'In the seventh month, in the first day of the month (14-15 September), shall you all have a sabbath, a memorial of blowing of trumpets, a set apart assembly.
25: You all shall do no laborious work therein: but you all shall bring near an offering made by fire to the Lord (Yehovah).' "
26: And the Lord (Yehovah) spoke to Moses, saying,
27: "Also on the tenth day of this seventh month there shall be a day of atonement (23-34th September. See Ex.29:33): it shall be an holy convocation to you; and you all shall afflict your souls (=humble yourselves), and bring near an offering made by fire to the Lord (Yehovah).
28: And you all shall do no work in that same day: for it is a day of atonement, to make an atonement for you before the Lord (Yehovah) your God (Elohim).
29: For whatsoever soul (person) it is that shall not be humbled in that same day, he shall be cut off from among his people. (See 7:20.)
30: And whatsoever soul (person) it is that does any work in that same day, the same soul will I destroy from among his people.
31: You all shall do no manner of work therefore: it shall be a statute for ever throughout your generations in all your dwellings.
32: It shall be to you a sabbath of rest, and you all shall humble yourselves: in the ninth day of the month at evening, from evening to evening (22-23rd September), shall you all celebrate your sabbath". (See Ex.16:23.)
33: And the Lord (Yehovah) spoke to Moses, saying,
34: "Speak to the sons of Israel, saying, 'The fifteenth day of this seventh month (28-29th September. Christ's Birtday) shall be the feast of tabernacles for seven days to the Lord (Yehovah). (=booth, Heb. sukkoth = a lodge in a garden. Isa.1:8 "cottage")
35: On the first day shall be a set apart assembly: you all shall do no laborious work therein.
36: Seven days you all shall offer an offering made by fire to the Lord (Yehovah): on the eighth day (6-7th October) shall be a set apart assembly to you; and you all shall bring near an offering made by fire to the Lord (Yehovah): it is a solemn assembly; and you all shall do no laborious work therein.
37: These are the feasts of the Lord (Yehovah) (namely the above mentioned festivals), which you all shall proclaim publicaly to be set apart assemblies, to bring near an offering made by fire to Yehovah, a burnt offering, and a meal offering, a sacrifice, and drink offerings, every thing upon his day:
38: Beside the sabbaths of Yehovah (put for sacrifices offered on the sabbaths), and beside your gifts, and beside all your vows, and beside all your freewill offerings, which you all give to the Lord (Yehovah).
39: Also in the fifteenth day of the seventh month (28-29th September), when you all have gathered in the fruit of the land, you all shall keep a festival to Yehovah seven days: on the first day shall be a sabbath, and on the eighth day (6-7th October) shall be a sabbath.
40: And you all shall take you on the first day the boughs of goodly trees, branches of palm trees, and the boughs of thick trees, and willows of the brook; and you all shall rejoice before the Lord (Yehovah your God (Elohim) seven days.
41: And you all shall keep it a festival to Yehovah seven days in the year. It shall be a statute for ever in your generations: you all shall celebrate it in the seventh month.
42: You all shall dwell in booths seven days (in Heb., the verse begins and ends with these words for emphasis); all that are Israelites born shall dwell in booths:
43: That your generations may know that I made the sons of Israel to dwell in booths, when I brought them out of the land of Egypt: I am the Lord (Yehovah) your God (Elohim).' "
44: And Moses declared (according to v.2) to the sons of Israel the festivals apponted seasons of the Lord (Yehovah).