The Straits Times, Dec 24, 2004
Christians in Indonesia to avoid churches at Xmas-time
JAKARTA - FEARS of attacks by Islamic militants are forcing some Christians in
Indonesia to abandon traditional churches in favour of more discreet and secure
venues this Christmas.
With foreign governments warning of holiday terror bombings, thousands of churches
in major Indonesian cities will hold services this year in office buildings, hotels and
even movie theatres, church leaders say.
'It puts us at a lower risk of being a target for religious persecution,' said Pastor Steve
Lunn, originally from Seattle, whose International English Service holds services for
1,000 people in a downtown Jakarta office building.
'People tell me they feel safer,' he said.
'The facility itself is not the most important thing. It's just a place to gather. The most
important thing is being together and worshipping God together.'
Indonesia, a sprawling archipelago of more than 13,000 islands and 210 million
people, is the world's most populous Muslim nation.
The vast majority of Muslims practise a moderate version of the faith.
But attacks against Christians, who make up just 8 per cent of the population, have
become more frequent since ex-dictator Suharto's downfall in 1998, and amid a global
rise in Islamic radicalism. Mr Suharto enforced secularism as part of national security
policies.
Four years ago, suspected militants from the Al-Qaeda-linked Jemaah Islamiah terror
group bombed 11 chur- ches on Christmas Eve, killing 19 people.
The group was also blamed for the 2002 nightclub bombings that killed 202 people on
the resort island of Bali, an attack last year on the JW Marriott hotel in Jakarta and a
blast at the Australian Embassy in September.
This year, more than 140,000 police officers will be deployed at churches, shopping
malls and hotels where Westerners gather during the Christmas period, a police
spokesman said.
'People are still afraid,' said Pastor Hengki Ompi, whose church was attacked earlier
this month by suspected Muslim gunmen on the central Indonesian island of
Sulawesi.
'We hope the attacks stop so we can celebrate Christmas without fear.'
Plans to build new churches are sometimes met with violent protests from Islamic
groups, which view them as an attempt to convert Muslims.
Church leaders also say a decree requiring religious leaders to get neighbourhood
approval before building new places of worship is being used to discriminate against
them.
Some church leaders say these obstacles are understandable, given the country's
Muslim majority, and acknowledge that Muslims face similar problems in the few
pockets of Indonesia where Christians dominate.
But others say the restrictions reflect a growing intolerance of religious minorities.
'We have a lot more liberties than say Afghanistan and Pakistan...but the fact is that
Christians are second-class citizens,' said Pastor Bill Heckman, a Dutchman who
has tried for six years to build a church in Jakarta.
Sporadic fighting between Muslims and Christian in central and eastern Indonesia has
killed more than 10,000 people and displaced hundreds of thousands since 1999.
Muslims say evangelical Christians are partly to blame for rising religious tensions.
They say hundreds of foreign-funded evangelical groups are using churches in
Muslim-dominated neighbourhoods to convert locals - a claim some Christians
acknowledge is true.
In response, the government has proposed a law that would bar Indonesians from
attending religious ceremonies that do not reflect their faith - making it harder for them
to switch.
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