BIBLIOGRAPHY


PRIMARY SOURCES

Blegen, Theodore,
The Kensington Runestone, New Light on an Old Riddle, St. Paul, Minnesota Historical Society, 1968
In my opinion, the best book written on the KRS. While Blegen's conclusions ignore some evidence in favor of others, in general the book is a well balanced history of the runestone and contains a great deal of source material.

Hall, Robert
---The Kensington Rune-Stone is Genuine, Columbia SC Hornbeam Press, 1982
The first book I read on the subject, presents several excellent arguments for authenticity.
---The Kensington Rune-Stone, Authentic and Important, Lake Bluff IL, Jupiter Press, 1994
A follow up to the original containing much of the same material, but adds some additional evidence, including a strong criticism of Whalgren's work

Holand, Hjalmar Rued
---A Holy Mission to Minnesota 600 years ago, Alexandria, MN, Park Region Publishing Co., 1959
A short but excellent overview of the arguments for authenticity.
---"An English Scientist in America 130 years before Columbus" in Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters Transactions (Madison) vol 48, 1959: 205-219
An article on the journy that produced the "Invetio Fortunatae" in 1364.
---Westward from Vinland: An Account of Norse Discoveries and Explorations in America, 962-1362 New York, Duell, Sloane and Pierce, 1940 (reprinted as Norse Discoveries and Explorations in America, 962-1362 New York, Dover, 1969)
One of several Holand books on the Runestone, includes a history of the Norse in North America. My reference is to the 1969 ed. I read Holand with a large grain of salt - he often tries to force evidence to fit his theories, and will ignore other possibilities. Havent caught him in an outright lie, but always try and double check his facts

Minnesota Historical Society
---Museum Comittee The Kensington Runestone: Preliminary Report St. Paul, Volkszetung Co, 1915. (offset of report published in Minnesota Historical Collections vol 15, 1915: 221-286)
This is THE report, authored mainly by Newton Winchell - the most in depth investigation of the finding of the runestone, and the weathering of the stone.
---Archives, including -The Kenstington Rune Stone Collection (correspondence and clippings); - Archaeological Records; MHS Records; Theodore Blegen Papers; Johan Holvik Papers; Warren Upham Papers;and Newton Winchell Papers

Nielsen, Richard
---"The Arabic Numbering System on the Kensington Runestone" Epigraphic Society Occasional Papers (ESOP) vol 15, 1986: 47-61
---"The Aberrant Letters on the Kensington Runestone" ESOP vol 16, 1987: 51-83
---"Linuistic Evidence Which Supports the Kensington Runestone" Part I, ESOP vol 17, 1988: Part II, vol 18, 1989
---"Forum: The Kensington Runestone" ESOP vol 23, 1998: 187-265 (also includes articles by Hall and James Knirk
Some very in depth stuff on the linguistics of the stone. Felt a little over my head at times, but worth while.
---"Early Scandinavian Incursions into the Western States" Journal of the West vol 39, No 1 (January 2000): 72-86.
A bit more accessible to the layman, contains the most current information on the Kensington Runestone, and other artifacts.

Taylor, E G R
---"A Letter Dated 1577 from Mercator to John Dee" Imago Mundi, vol 13, pp 55-68
Translation of the text of the 1577 letter from Mercator to Dee, with notes - this is where most of the information on the contents of the Inventio Fortunatae comes from.

---Whalgren, Erik
The Kensington Runestone, a Mystery Solved Madison, Wisconsin University Press, 1958.
Rhetorically excellent, factually poor. Filled with numerous errors, mistatements and outright lies (see Hall) - a good looking but hollow condemnation of the Kensington Stone

Winchell, Newton - See Minnesota Historical Society


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