Arizona from A-Z

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April 2009

ARIZONA FROM A TO Z

DITAT DEUS
Facts about Arizona for each letter of the alphabet.
Please click on highlighted word for more information,

A IS FOR AGRICULTURE & ARCHAEOLOGY

The Arizona Department of AGRICULTURE supports and encourages farming, ranching, and agribusiness. Leading crops are cotton, fresh market vegetables, citrus, durum wheat, and alfalfa. Arizona can produce 3 cotton crops a year and its fields are the most productive in the country. The State Soil is Casa Grande. Cattle raising and dairy production are the leading livestock enterprises in the state. Cattle production ranges from cow-calf operations on public grazing land to large, modern feed lots. Arizona dairies are some of the largest and most productive in the country. The National Agriculture Statistic Service provides information about agriculture in Arizona. 4-H Clubs are located throughout the state.

March is ARCHAEOLOGY Awareness and Heritage Month in Arizona and there are archaeology events and programs throughout the year. The state has federal, state, and other archaeological sites including ruins and cliff dwellings. Casa Grande Ruins was the first prehistoric National Monument in the country. Canyon de Chelly National Monument has petroglyphs of the Ananzi, Hopi, and Navajo. The Arizona State Museum is currently working at several sites. The Tree of Life is seen in some rock art in Arizona. Artifacts unearthed at Rio Nuevo establish Tucson as one of the oldest continuously occupied place in the country. The State Historical Preservation Office is responsible for the organization, evaluation, and protection of prehistoric and historic cultural resources in Arizona.
B IS FOR BEACHES, BIRDS, BRIDGES, & BYWAYS

For a land-locked state, Arizona has many Beaches on lakes and in rivers and reservoirs. Tempe Beach Park has a Splash Playground. Lake Powell is a man-made reservoir and has red sand beaches. Several roads in Arizona lead to beaches on the southern shore of Lake Mead.

Hundreds of species of BIRDS are found year-round in the state and a large number pass through during migration. There are many places that are especially good for bird watching The cactus wren is the State Bird of Arizona and is the largest species of wren. Arizona is involved in the recovery and protection of the California condor the largest land bird in North America. There is a Bird Festival in Sierra Vista, and a Hummingbird Festival in Tucson. There are Birding and Nature Festivals in Verde Valley and Yuma. A Birding Trail covers 50 of the best birding sites in six southeastern Arizona counties.

Arizona has hundreds of BRIDGES including Suspension Bridges. The Navajo Bridge is a historical landmark. The Salt River Canyon Bridge is red to complement the color of the canyon walls. The original London Bridge in England was shipped stone-by-stone and reconstructed in Lake Havasu City a desert town in northwest Arizona. Tonto Natural Bridge north of Payson is a State Park and is the largest travertine bridge in the world.

Arizona has several scenic BYWAYS and an active Byways Program with parkways, scenic roads, and highways. The Verde Valley loop tour a couple hours north of Phoenix offers 7 unique State and National parks. Arizona has a variety of trails including Horse Trails and celebrates National Trails Day . The longest contiguous strip of Route 66 cuts through Arizona. The state has many Roadside attractions
C IS FOR CAPITAL, CLIMATE, & COUNTIES

The CAPITAL of Arizona is Phoenix. It is known as the Golf Capital of the World and sometimes called The Valley of the Sun. The Pioneer Arizona Living History Museum is located here. The Arizona State Capitol Museum in Phoenix is in the restored 1900 Capitol Building and presents exhibits and programs on Arizona Territory and early Statehood. Tucson is called the Astronomy Capital of the World. Wickenburg is often called the Guest Ranch Capital of the World. Window Rock is the capital of the Navajo Nation. Ramsey Canyon Preserve claims to be the Hummingbird Capital of the country.

One of the chief attractions of Arizona is a healthful CLIMATE, with clear and sunny skies and dry weather. Because of its varied topography, the climate changes from one region to the next. The mountains have cold harsh winters, but desert winters are sunny and mild. Year-round warm weather allows outdoor festivals in any season. The Thunderbird Balloon Classic in Scottsdale is a popular event. The climate is an important factor in the location of space observatories and aircraft and missile proving grounds. The State Climatologist provides information about the Climate of Arizona. Monsoon rains come from the Gulf of Mexico and may creat flash floods. Global Warming may effect the climate of Arizona.

Arizona has 15 COUNTIES. The largest county in size is Coconino which is the second largest county in the country. Santa Cruz is the smallest county in the state. Maricopa County has the largest population and Greenlee has the smallest. The term county is used in 48 of the 50 states for the level of government below the state government.
D IS FOR DAMS, DESERTS, & DINOSAURS

Arizona has several hydroelectric DAMS that were built on major rivers for flood control, irrigation, and power development. Lake Mead was formed on the Colorado River by the Hoover Dam. Lake Havasu was created by the construction of Parker Dam. In 1973 one of the most massive dams in the world, the New Cornelia Tailings, was completed near Ajo. Roosevelt Dam is on the National Register of Historic Places. Power in Arizona is also created by steam plants and nuclear power plants. The state has excellent resources for Wind Power, and 2 types of Geothermal Power are being used commercially.

Arizona is the only place on the continent where 4 types of DESERTS are found - Sonoran, Mohave, Great Basin, and Chihuahuan. The Painted Desert is part of the Petrified Forest and has a vivid display of colors. The Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum near Tucson demonstrates the implications of human occupancy of the desert. St. Xavier del Bac Mission in Tucson is called the White Dove of the desert because of its gleaming white form.

DINOSAURS and reptiles roamed Arizona during the Mesozoic Era - The Age of Reptiles. Many have been found in the Petrified Forest National Park which has one of the largest and most colorful concentrations of petrifield wood in the world. Petrified Wood is the State Fossil. The Species of Phytosaurs, that resembles the modern day crocodiles have also been found. Rhamphinion Jenkinsi and Pterosaurs, flying reptiles not related to birds or dinosaurs, have also been discovered. Dilophosaurus Wetherilli was also found in Arizona and made famous in the movie "Jurassic Park. It is estimated that only 10-15% of all dinosaur species have been uncovered. The oldest reptilian nests were found in Arizona.
E IS FOR EARTHQUAKES, EDUCATION, & EVENTS

Arizona has experienced a number of EARTHQUAKES. The first recorded earthquake occurred in 1830 and the most recent was in 1998. The Arizona Earthquake Information Center provides information on earthquakes in the state.

EDUCATION in Arizona is free and compulsory between the ages of 6 and 16 or until completion of 10th grade. The Department of Education oversees schools throughout the state. Arizona was one of the 1st states to provide free text books in public schools. The Arizona Museum for Youth has a wide variety of exhibits and activities. Information about schools in Arizona is available at GreatSchools and SchoolBug.

Arizona has many special EVENTS including State and County Fairs. The Ostrich Festival is one of the top 10 festivals in the country. The Irish Cultural Center in Phoenix has programs, classes, festivals, exhibits, and special events. Cinco de Mayo is celebrated in Phoenix with a parade and concert. The state celebrates Public Holidays and other special days.
F IS FOR FISH, FLAG, FOOD, & FORTS

Nearly27 species of FISH are found in Arizona. The State Fish is the Apache trout. It is unique to Arizona and not found anywhere else. Fishing is a popular sport in Arizona. The state has 2 National Fish Hatcheries - Alchesay/William Creek and Willow Beach.

The State FLAG of Arizona is red, blue, and yellow. The red and blue are the same shades as the flag of the United States. The blue and yellow were the colors of the Spanish Conquistadors. Five flags have flown over the land area that is now Arizona including the Castillian and Burgundian flags of Spain, the Mexican flag, the Confederate flag, and the U.S. flag. The cities of Phoenix, Surprise, and Tempe have a flag.

Arizona has a variety of FOOD. The State Dish is the Navajo Taco. There are many Food Shows, Events, & Festivals throught the year.

Arizona has many FORTS including the Hubbel Trading Post and Fort Apache. There are museums at Fort Lowell and Fort Huachuca which has been a U.S. Army base since 1877.
G IS FOR GEOLOGY, GHOST TOWNS, & GLOBAL POSITION

The GEOLOGY of Arizona is varied and it has number of geological hazards. The state has an interesting geological history. The US Geological Survey has programs in Arizona. The State Gemstone is Turquoise. The Arizona Mining Association provides information about mining. The Colorado Plateau is one of the greatest show places on earth for sedimentary rocks. The Peridot Mesa on the San Carlos Reservation is the most productive peridot site in the world. The Museum of Northern Arizona has a geology collection. Meteor crater was created 49,000 years ago. The Meteor Crater Visitor's Center in northern Arizona includes a Museum of Astrogeology. Over 3 dozen meteorites have been found in Arizona. The Barringer Meteorite Crater is one of the best perserved sites of its kind in the world.

Arizona has over 275 GHOST TOWNS and many lost mines. Jerome is a restored mining town and claims to be the newest and largest ghost town in the country. Goldfield is a re-created ghost town on what was an active 19th century goldmine.

The GLOBAL POSITION of Arizona is approximately 31-37 degrees North latitude and 109-114 degrees west latitude. The geographic center of the state is Historic Old Town Cottonwood. The Colorado River is the lowest point and Humphreys Peak is the highest. The state is located in the southwestern part of the United States. It is bordered by Utah to the north, New Mexico on the east, Nevada and California on the west, and shares an international border with Mexico on the south. Geocaching is a treasure hunt using a Global Positioning System, and Arizona has several cache sites. NOAA provides information about the topography of Arizona.
H IS FOR HISTORY & HISTORIC SITES

The HISTORY of Arizona dates back 12,000 years. Many museums are devoted to the history of the state. School students in Arizona participate in National History Day

Arizona has many HISTORIC SITES and more monuments than any other state. The newest monuments are Parashant and Agua Fria. Most of the monuments preserve the remains of prehistoric peoples.The Yuma Territorial Prison is open to the public.
I IS FOR ISLANDS, INDUSTRIES, & INSECTS

Arizona has over 2 dozen ISLANDS that are located on rivers and in lakes. Maricopa County has 3 islands. La Paz County has 2 islands.

Arizona has a variety of INDUSTRIES. Manufacturing has become the most important industry. Principal products include electrical, communications, and aeronautical items. Agriculture is also important to the economy. Top commodities are cattle and calves, dairy products, and cotton. Other industries include mining, transportation equipment, machinery, printing and publishing, food processing, elecronics, and tourism. Almost all mining in the state is done in the central highlands region. Arizona produces many minerals and leads the country in the production of copper. The largest copper mine is in Morenci which is one of the last company-owned mining communities in the country. Mines can be toured at Bisbee. The state is the 2nd largest producer of silver and perlite. Trade Shows are held throughout the year.

Many species of INSECTS are found in Arizona including spiders and scorpions. The state is home to a wide variety of butterflies. The State Insect is the Two-tailed Swallowtail Butterfly.
J IS FOR JAZZ

JAZZ is popular in Arizona, and Jazz Clubs are located throughout the state. The Arizona Jazz Classic Society hlds monthly jazz parties and sponsors an annual Jazz Festival and other jazz events. Chandler and Sedona have an annual Jazz Festival. Jazz in Arizona encourages the local performance and appreciation of jazz.
K IS FOR KACHINA, KARSTS, & KIDS

The KACHINA originally came into being through the Indian belief that their ancestors came from the Mother Earth. Kachina dolls were made initially for religious and educational purposes and to preseve a fragment of culture and have been an educational tool meeting the needs of the people.

Arizona has some KARST terrain usually characterized by barren, rocky ground, caves, sinkholes, underground rivers, and the absence of surface streams and lakes. Arizona has hundreds of caves including 3 show caves - Colossal Cave, Grand Canyon Caverns, and Kartchner Caves which is one of the top caves in the world. Groundwater seeping thru escabrosa formed many caves including Colossal Cave which is probably the largest dry cavern in the world. Peppersauce Cave has about a mile of mapped passages. The National Speleological Society has chapters in Arizona that provide information about caving.

Many aspects of life in the state of Arizona focus on KIDS. The state has a special Webpage for Kids, and Kids Voting Arizona teaches kids responsible voting practices. Arizona Kids has information about soap box derbies and cars to color. SOS for Kids has information, games, and activities.
L IS FOR LAKES & LIBRARIES

Arizona has few natural LAKES and most of them are small lakes in the mountainous regions. Both large and small lakes and reservoirs were created by damming rivers including Lake Saguaro, Canyon Lake, Apache Lake, and Theodore Roosevelt Lake. Some of the large lakes and reservoirs provide highly developed water-based recreational facilities. The smaller lakes offer fishing and often camping and picnicking. The reservoirs were constructed for water storage and those along the Colorado River are some of the largest in the country. Lake Mead is the largest man-made reservoir in the country and a National Recreaction Area.

LIBRARIES are located through Arizona. There are Academic Libraries, Public Libraries, School Libraries, and Special Libaries. Nearly all of the libraries have internet access. The State Library is in Phoenix.
M IS FOR MILITARY, MOUNTAINS, MUSEUMS, & MUSIC

Several MILITARY installations are located in Arizona including Davis-Monthan AFB. Historic military installations include The Air Museum Planes of Fame in Williams, and the 390th Memorial Museum in Tucson. The Arizona Military Museum in Phoenix has events from military in the state. During World War II, the Navajo Code Talkers transmitted messages in their native language. Astronauts trained at the Barringer Meteorite Crater. Arizona has National Guard Units, and the Army Corps of Engineers maintains 2 parks in the state.

Most of the MOUNTAINS in Arizona are in the central part of the state. Major mountain ranges include the White Mountains, Sierra Ancha Mountains, and Mazatzal Mountains. The Superstition Mountains have nearly 180 miles of trails. The mountain ranges of Southeastern Arizona are especially interesting.

Arizona has hundreds of museums The Arizona-Sonoran Museum has a collection of plants and animals native to the Sonora Desert. The Pima Air and Space Museum in Tucson is the largest non-government funded aeropspace museum in the world. Sharlot Hall Museum in Prescot was originally the mansion of the first Territorial Governor. The Heard Museum in Phoenix is the leading museum of Native art and culture in the country. The Rose Tree Museum in Tombstone is home to the oldest rose bush in the world.

Arizona has a wide variety of MUSIC. Because of its proximity to Mexico, Hispanic music is popular. A well-known classic piece is the Grand Canyon Suite. The state has Folk Music Festivals and Events, and Blue Grass Festivals. Throughout the state there are symphony orchestras, and many concerts. Arizona has opera companies in Flagstaff, Tucson, and Phoenix. Plays are produced for children in Arizona by the Youth Theater
N IS FOR NAME & NATIVE AMERICANS

The NAME Arizona came from either a Basque phrase aritz onak, "good oaks," or the O'odham phrase "small spring". The name Arizonac was initially applied to a silver mining camp and later shortened to Arizona to the entire territory. Some places have unusual names. The official nickname for Arisona is The Grand Canyon State. Other nicknames included The Copper State, The Apache State, The Great American Desert, The Aztec State, The Valentine State, Italy of America, and The Sunset State. People who live in or come from Arizona are referred to as Arizonans and were sometimes referred to as "Sand Cutters" by people from outside the state. The Phoenix area is called The Valley of the Sun. Arizona is the only state with an official neckwear - The Bola Tie.

NATIVE AMERICANS have lived in Arizona for over 12,000 years. The first were Paleo-Indians. The next known were Anasasi who moved into what became known as cliff-dwellings. Arizona has more land set aside for Native Americans than any other state. Reservations cover about 1/4 of the state and there are 14 Tribes. The Navaho Nation is the largest in the country. Old Oraibi on the Hopi Reservation is the oldest Indian settlement in the country and is the unofficial capital of the Hopi. Several Pow-Wows are held during the year. Each tribe has its own flag. The main reservation of the Tohono Oodham Nation is the 2nd largest in the country. Fifteen reservations have Gaming Casinos.
O IS FOR OBSERVATORIES & OLD WEST

Arizona has several OBSERVATORIES including The National Observatory at Kitt Peak and the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff. The Flanadrau Science Center and Planetarium is located on the University of Arizona campus. Columbia University's Biospher 2 Center is near the town of Oracle. Mount Hopkins Observatory has been renamed the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory. It has one of the most powerful telescopes in the world and a visitor Center which features displays and exhibits.

Arizona is part of the Old West and has dude ranches. The shoot-out at O.K. Corall is re-enacted at Tombstone in Monument Valley. Old Tucson Studios is a visit to the Old West.
P IS FOR PARKS & PEOPLE

Arizona has National PARKS and State Parks. The Grand Canyon National Park is one of the Seven Wonders of the World. South Mountain Park is one of the largest city parks in the world. Saguaro National Park is one of the newest National Parks. Theme and amusement parks are located throughout the state. Enchanted Island has a 24 inch guage railroad, Golfland/Sunsplash Water Park is a Polynesian paradise, Railroad Park has rides, entertainment, and exhibits.

Arizona has a population of over 5 million PEOPLE. Some of the Famous people who have called Arizona their home include Linda Ronstadt (Singer), Kerri Strug (gymnist), Rex Allen (singer/actor), and Chochise an Indian Chief. The ghosttown of Geronimowas named after a famous Indian Chief. Wyatt Earp Days honors the most famous lawman in the west.
Q IS FOR QUARTER, QUILTING, & QUIZ

The U.S. mint issued a quarter U.S. Mint for each state according to its admission date. Arizona was admitted to the union on February 14, 1912 and a quarter was issued in its honor in 2008. The U.S. Mint has a special Kids Page

QUILTING is popular in Arizona and the Arizona Quilting Guild has over 1,200 members. Weaving is also popular and there are many Weaving Guilds throughout the state.
Take a QUIZ about Arizona. Take a Map Quiz the state.
R IS FOR REGIONS, REPTILE, & RIVERS
Arizona has several major REGIONS. Almost 2/3 of the state is covered by desert and Western Arizona is the heartland of the Southwest American desert. This part of Arizona has what some may consider the "crown jewel" of arid regions in North America. The Four Corners region is the only place where 4 states meet - Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah.

A wide variety of REPTILES and amphibians are found in Arizona including the horned lizard and desert tortoise. The State Amphibian is the Arizona treefrog. Of the 15 various species of rattlesnakes found in the United States, 11 occur in Arizona, more than an other state in the country. They can be found in Arizona from the desert regions all the way up to the spruce-fir forests. The state has many snakes and some are venomous including the Ridgenosed Rattlesnake which is the State Reptile. The Gila monster is found in Arizona and is only one of two venomous lizards in North America.

Arizona has many RIVERS and creeks. The Colorado River is the longest and most important river in the state and forms most of the western border of the state. Others rivers include Gila River, Salt River, and Bill Williams River. The Verde River is a National Wild and Scenic River. The Rio Grande marks the border between the United States and Mexico. Most of the small rivers in Arizona are dry in the summer. Some rivers appear dry on the surface while water continues to flow underground. S IS FOR STATE SEAL & SPORTS

Arizona's main enterprises and attractions are represent on the STATE SEAL. The State Colors are blue and gold.

All forms of SPORTS are played in Arizona. The state has professional teams and most schools have sports teams. Arizona plays host to 2 post-season college football games - The Fiesta Bowl and the Insight Bowl. The Phoenix International Raceway is home of the NASCAR NEXTEL cup. Water skiing and other water sports are enjoyed year round.
T IS FOR TARTAN, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, TRANSPORTATION & TREE

In 1995 the Governor of Arizona proclaimed a State TARTAN. The light brown & forest green, separated by black, represent the physical make-up of the state, half desert & half forest. The overstripes on the forest green portion are yellow for gold, light blue for torquoise & copper, & red for the Native Americans. The white, green, & red on the brown portion of the tartan represent the Mexican flag. National Tartan Da is celebrated throughout the state with Highland games and celtic events.

Arizona has many forms of TELECOMMUNICATIONS including newspapers, magazines, radio, television, telephone, and internet. The state has several Telephone Area Codes, and Internet Service Providers are located throughout the state. Many businesses and school are on line. Web Cams are located throughout the state.

Arizona has many forms of TRANSPORTATION. The Arizona Transportation Research Center provides information on transporation. The state has an Adopt-A-Highway Program. Information about driving in winter weather in Arizona is provided by The Flagstaff Department of Transportation. The Southern Arizona Transportation Museum displays exhibits telling the story of railroads in the area. The first license plates were issued in 1914, and a wide variety of specialized license plates are available. To celebrate its 50th birthday in 2002, Matchbox cars issued a vehicle for each state in the order in which it was admitted into the Union. The vehicle for Arizona was the Isuzu Rodeo.

The State TREE of Arizona is the Palo Verde and the name means "green stick". The state has six National Forests including the Kaibab National Forest. Tonto National Forest is one of the largest in the country. The largest stand of Pondererosa Pine in the world is in Sitgreaves National Forest in Prescott. Nearly all forests are govenment owned. One of the most common trees found in the desert is the mesquite.
U IS FOR UNIVERSITIES & USS ARIZONA

Arizona has UNIVERSITIES and colleges. The major Universities are the University of Arizona and Arizona State University. The Arizona Cowboy College in Tucson is a real working cattle ranch. Dine College at Tsaile, formerly Navajo Community College, was the first college ever built on a reservation.

Three ships of the United States Navy have been named USS Arizona. The 1st 2 ships predate both the territory and state of Arizona and were named for a region of northern Mexico called variously "Arizonac," "Arissona," or "Arizona." The 1st USS Arizona (1858) was an iron-hulled side-wheel steamer that served in the American Civil War. The 2nd USS Arizona (1865) was a 3850-ton steam frigate launched in October 1865 as USS Neshamny. She was renamed twice, carrying the name Arizona for less than three months during 1869 before becoming USS Nevada. The 3rd USS ARIZONA (BB-39) was a Pennsylvania-class battleship. She served from 1916 until 194l and there is a Memorial to her in Honolulu, Hawaii. One of the US Air Force's fleet of B-2 Spirit bombers is named Spirit of Arizona.
V IS FOR VEGETATION & VOLCANOES

VEGETATION differs greatly in Arizona due to variation in temperature and precipitation. The state has nearly 4,000 native plants. Cacti, the Joshua tree, and the Spanish bayonet grow in the deserts. Above the desert is a zone of grassland. Higher up, are thickets of chaparral. The State Flower is the bloom of the Saguaro Cactus, the largest cactus in the country. The Nature Conservancy helps preserve the land in Arizona and provides nature walks. Boyce Thompson Arboretum is a state park and the largets and oldest botanical garden in the state. It emphasizes arid-region plants from around the world. Arizona is part of the USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program.

Long extinct VOLCANOES have left massive craters in the Colorado Plateau Region. Many of the sharp peaks in the central highlands are made of volcanic ash. The San Francisco Plateau is dotted with volcanic cones. Meteor Crater near Flagstaff is the best preserved meteor crater in the world.
W IS FOR WATERFALLS, WILDLIFE, & WILDERNESS

Arizona has a number of WATERFALLS. The waterfalls in the Havasupai Reservation are among the most famous in the United States. Havasu Creek forms Beaver Falls, Havasu Falls, Mooney Falls, and Navaho Falls. Bridal Veil Falls is located in Cataract Canyon. There are waterfalls in Sabino Canyon.

Arizona has a large variety of WILDLIFE including big game animals and small game animals The state has 8 Wildlife Refuges. More than 50 species are on the endangered species list including the jaguar. The Jaguar Conservation Team promotes protection of this endangered species. Havasu National Wildlife Refuge is home to bighorn sheep and a variety of reptiles and birds. The State Mammal is the Ringtail Possum. Arizona is part of the Wildlife Protection Progam to help wildlife along roads, on or near bridges, on or along waterways and on wetlands and uplands.
X IS FOR XMAS

XMAS is the common abbreviation for Christmas and it is celebrated in Arizona much like the rest of the country and around the world. The Arizona Cypress has become a valuable Christmas tree. Decorating a Saguaro cactus with Christmas lights is unique to Arizona.
Y IS FOR YMCA & YOUTH HOSTELS

YMCA organizations are active in Arizona and located throughout the state. The Valley of the Sun YMCA Step Up for Youth Campaign will expand programs for children and youth. YMCA Camps are located throughout the state. A new northwest community YMCA and aquatic center is being built in Tucson.

YOUTH HOSTELS are located in Bisbee, Chloride, Flagstaff, Fountain Hills, Mesa, Page, Phoenix, Sedona, Tempe, Tuba City, Tucson, and Williams. The Grand Canyon and DuBeau Route 66 International Hostels are the closest hostels to the Grand Canyon. Arizona also has Elder Hostels.
Z IS FOR ZIPCODES, ZONES & ZOOS

The use of ZIP CODES began in 1963. All of the zipcodes in Arizona start with the number 8. The postal code is AZ.

The United States has several time ZONES. Arizona is in the mountain TIME ZONE. The state does not observe daylight savings time with the exception of the Navaho Nation which changes from Mountain Time to Daylight Saving Time in the summer. The Hopi Reservation within its heart uses Mountain Time year-round. Arizona has 5 plant hardiness zones.

Arizona has several ZOOS. The Phoenix Zoo is one of the most successful, privately-owned, nonprofit zoological parks in the country. The Heritage Park Zoo is located in Prescott. None of the indigenous animals are acquired from native habitats unless injured or orphaned. The zoo provides housing for selected exotic endangered specials. The Wildlife World Zoo in Litchfield Park has a large collection of exotic animals and an Aquarium.
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