Length

kilometre (km) = 100Dm 1km 0.62 mi 1 mi z 1 61km

hectometre (hm) l00 m

dekametre (dkm) = 1Cm

metre (m) =  1.09 yd = 39.37 in

decimetre (dm) = 0.lm = 10 cm

centimetre (cm) = 0.0lm = 10 mm ;    2.54cm = 1 in

millimetre (mm) 0.001m = 1000 um (microns) 1/25 in

micrometre (um) = 106 m 0.04 in

nanometre (nm) 10 um = 1 mum = 1 millimicron =  10 A

angstrom (A) = 0.1 nm 

Mass

kilogram (kg) = 1000 g =  1 kg = 2.2 lb = 35.27 oz

gram (g) = 1000 mg  = 454 g = 1 lb ;   25.35 g / oz

milligram (mg) = 0.001 g = 1000 ug

microgram (ug) = 0.01 mg = 1 gamma

Volume

litre (l) = 1000 ml = 1000 cc 1.05 qt = 0.264 gal

0.946 1 = 946 ml = 1 qt = 32 oz

decilitre (dl) 0.1 l = 100 ml

millilitre (ml) = 0.001 L = 1000 ul = 29.57 ml = 1 oz

microlitre (ul) = 0.001 ml 106 U

Temperature

0⁰ centigrade ( C) = 32⁰ Fahrenheit ( F) = 273⁰ Kelvin (K)

37⁰ C = (human body temperature) = 98.8⁰ F

C = 5/9 (F - 32)

F = 9/5 C + 32

Pressure (force per unit area)

1 atmosphere = 34 ft of water = 760mm (29.92 in) of

Hg (mercury) = 14.7 lb/in²

One kilocalorie (large calorie) is the energy needed

to heat 1 kg of water 1⁰ C at 15 C.

One calorie is the energy required to heat 1 g of water 1⁰ C at 15 C

1 kcal = 1000 cal = 426.4 kg-m = 3066 ft-lb

Work (force times distance)

1 ft-lb z 1 lb of force times 1 ft

1 kg-rn = 1 kg of force times 1 m

1 kg-m = 0.00234 kcal = 2.34 g-cal

Power (work per unit time)

1 kilowatt = 1000 W = 1.341 HP = 0.239 kcal/sec

1 horsepower (HP) = 746 Watts (W) = 33,000 ft-lb/mm

= 550 ft-lb/sec = 76.07 kg-m/sec = 4564 kg-rn/mm

= 10.69 kcal/min 0.176 kcal/sec

1 joule is exactly 10⁷ ergs.

1 joule is approximately equal to:

Units defined in terms of the joule include:

Provide the proper conversions for the following problems:

1. 65 mph = _____ km/hr

2. 12 in _______ m

3. 100 m ______ yd

4. 2000 lb ______ kg

5. 500 ml ______

6. 1 gal = _____L

7. l20  mmHg = _____ lb/in2

8. 10 um = ______ microns

9. 100 A = _______ nm

10. During hay season you lift, on the average, 3 - 60 lb

           bales of hay per minute a distance of 10 feet. What is

            your power output?        ______ HP ______ W _______J

11. In the morning you heat up 2 liters of water to make coffee to boiling (100^{0 C)}

From water that is 25⁰ C. How many calories are consumed?  How much

gasoline would it take to heat that much water?  How much coal? (both assuming 100% energy conversion efficiency)

12. The average US home uses 900kwh of electricity per month. How much

coal would it take to provide the electricity with an overall rate of

25% efficiency? How much is the average kwh charge for power

in our area? If you could increase the energy efficiency by 10%,

in this example, how much would you save on the power bill?

13. Assume that the lights in your kitchen and living room together use 400 watts. How much does it cost if the lights are on 24 hours a day, for a whole month?  How much per year? ( Assume 10¢/kWh)

14. If you were given equal weights of some common fossil fuels to combust, which fuel would produce the most energy/unit weight: coal, natural gas or      gasoline?

15. Biodiesel can be produced from virtually any kind of vegetable oil.  The U.S. Department of Energy estimates that about 26.7 million gallons of biodiesel were sold in 2003.   Total U.S. Diesel consumption that year was more than 39.9 billion gallons. Estimates are that if rapeseed is grown approximate production is about 122 gallons/acre of biodiesel could be produced. How many acres would have to be in production to meet our current diesel needs using biodiesel produced from canola oil?   The total acres planted for crop production in 2007 was 319,000,000 acres.