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Notes # 1 Third Quarter Pre-Medicine Chemistry | ||||
The VSEPR theory is used to account for the shapes of molecules. -A structural formula reveals the presence and type of chemical bonds. -A ball and stick reveals the arrangement in space and the presence and type of chemical bonds. -An ammonia molecule has a pyramidal shape. -A boron trichloride molecule has a trigonal shape. -Carbon dioxide molecule has two double bonds which connect the carbon atom to two oxygen atoms. -Methane has a tetrahedral shape. -Bond angle in boron trifluoride is 120 degrees. - Carbon Dioxide is 180 degrees. -Methane is 109.5 degrees. -Water molecule has a bent shape. -Water is 105 degrees. -In a pyramidal molecule, the central atom has one unshared pair of valence electrons. -In a tetrahedral , the central atom has no unshared pairs. -Bent has a central atom that has two unshared pairs of electrons. -Hybrid orbitals are mixed orbitals. -Orbitals that result from a mixture of an s-orbital and two p-orbitals are called sp2 orbitals. -Single bonds are longest between the same kinds of atoms. |