Notes # 1 Third Quarter Pre-Medicine Chemistry
The VSEPR theory is used to account for the shapes of molecules.

-A structural formula reveals the presence and type of chemical bonds.

-A ball and stick reveals the arrangement in space and the presence and type of chemical bonds.

-An ammonia molecule has a pyramidal shape.

-A boron trichloride molecule has a trigonal shape.

-Carbon dioxide molecule has two double bonds which connect the carbon atom to two oxygen atoms.

-Methane has a tetrahedral shape.

-Bond angle in boron trifluoride is 120 degrees.

- Carbon Dioxide is 180 degrees.

-Methane is 109.5 degrees.

-Water molecule has a bent shape.

-Water is 105 degrees.

-In a pyramidal molecule, the central atom has one unshared pair of valence electrons.

-In a tetrahedral , the central atom has no unshared pairs.

-Bent has a central atom that has two unshared pairs of electrons.

-Hybrid orbitals are mixed orbitals.

-Orbitals that result from a mixture of an s-orbital and two p-orbitals are called sp2 orbitals.

-Single bonds are longest between the same kinds of atoms.