This author wishes to acknowledge the research and writings of various individuals whose work has substantially contributed to our present knowledge and understanding of the Andrew Smith family. They are Rev. George Hale, Eli Cooley, Ralph Ege, William Ernest Merrill, George Hart, Bessie Henry, Rosalie C. Smith, Gloria Padach, Sally Bailey, and Ethel Stroupe.
ANDREW SMITH I was born about 1640-1645, probably in West Riding, Yorkshire, England. In 1990, Rosalie C. Smith proposed in Volume Two of her genealogy Smith Gentes that Andrew Smith was the likely son of an ANDREW SMITH (christened July 18, 1619 Calverley Parish, West Riding, Yorkshire, England; married April 17, 1643 Calverley Parish to Unknown [per Rosalie C. Smith; marriage record not found in Calverley Parish records by author]; buried May 16, 1671 Farsley, Calverley Parish, West Riding Yorkshire, England), son of JOHN SMITH of Owlecotes, Yorkshire and his wife MARGARET BURNLEY. While this theoretical ancestry for Andrew Smith has been widely accepted by many researchers as established fact, there is actually no documentary evidence at this time to support such a genealogical connection. Further research in English records is needed. Mrs. Smith’s 1990 genealogy also asserted that Smith and his family immigrated to the Colony of West Jersey in 1677 on the vessel Kent with members of the Society of Friends [Quakers] from Kingston-upon-Hull, England. However, no original documentary evidence has been found to support the claim that Smith’s family were among the passengers of that specific voyage.
Perhaps the earliest definitive reference to Andrew Smith can be found in a petition of Quakers dated December 5, 1678 [5th d, 10 mo, 1678] supporting Henry Jacobsen’s claim to Manticone Island in the Delaware River. Smith was one of 29 signers of the petition [Gehring, Charles T., ed., New York Historical Manuscripts, Dutch, Delaware Papers, 1664-1682, 1977, p. 231]. On June 14, 1680, Andrew Smith is listed among the freeholders and inhabitants of the jurisdiction of Court of Burlington who are “due their suit.” [Reed, H. Clay and George J. Miller, ed., The Burlington Court Book, 1944, p.1]. Andrew Smith acquired land that same year, for on January 20, 1680/81, a survey for Smith for 200 acres at the Falls of the Delaware [Trenton] adjoining Peter Fretwell was returned [Liber A, Revel’s Book of Surveys, 1680-1704, p. 14]. Four years later on June 24, 1684 [24th d, 4 mo, 1684], an entry in the Burlington Court minutes shows that Andrew Smith was listed as a freeholder with 200 acres in West Jersey [The Burlington Court Book, p. 30-32]. The following month in July, 1684, a survey of land was returned for Smith consisting of 200 acres adjoining William Wood and another 50 acres adjoining that tract [Liber A, Revel’s Book of Surveys, 1680-1704, p. 70]. Andrew Smith was a plaintiff in a case against Samuel Oldale at the Court of Common Pleas of Burlington County on February 6, 1688. The case was withdrawn. [The Burlington Court Book, p. 96].
On May 21, 1688, Cornelius Empson of Brandywine Creek, Pennsylvania, yeoman, conveyed to Andrew Smith of Burlington County, New Jersey, yeoman, 200 acres in Burlington County of a tract called “Hopewell,” it being part of a 1/24 share bought of Benjamin Padley, baker, of North Cave, Yorkshire, England on August 21, 1684 [West Jersey Deeds, Liber B, Part 1, 1677-1694, p. 214]. Historian Ralph Ege in his 1908 publication Pioneers of Old Hopewell (pp. 114-115) mentions this land transaction in his discussion of Andrew Smith:
To Andrew Smith may be given the honor of naming Hopewell township, and a short sketch of his history may not be out of place just here as he was the progenitor of a distinguished family in the early history of the township. In the deed of Cornelius Empson of Brandywine Creek, now Wilmington, Delaware, to Andrew Smith dated May 20, 1688, the tract is called “Hopewell,” and when on February 20, 1699, application was made by the inhabitants north of the falls of the Delaware for a new township, they requested in the petition that it be called “Hopewell.” There were three Andrew Smiths in succession, among the early settlers of Hopewell township, all of whom distinguished themselves; but in the published histories of the family they have not included the first Andrew, giving the credit of naming the township to the second. The will of the first Andrew Smith was dated January 16, 1703, and is not recorded, but is on file with the inventory of his estate, in the office of the Secretary of State at Trenton. He resided within the boundaries of old Hopewell township in the vicinity of the present site of the Hospital for the Insane now in Ewing township. In his will, which was proved March 7, 1703, he leaves a legacy to his son Andrew Smith, who married Sarah, daughter of the first Jonathan Stout of Hopewell, and soon after the death of his father moved to the northern part of the township, and settled on the farm adjoining the Hopewell poor farm, now owned by Oliver G. Woodward.
The published histories of the Andrew Smith family alluded to by Ralph Ege in the preceding passage include Reverend George Hale’s A History of the First Presbyterian Church of Hopewell at Pennington, New Jersey (1876, pp. 42-44) and Eli Cooley’s Early Settlers in Trenton and Ewing (1883, pp. 264-265). A more modern and comprehensive genealogy of Andrew Smith’s descendants can be found in George W. Hart’s 1972 work, The Descendants of Andrew Smith.
Burlington County court records show that Andrew Smith continued to remain active in court affairs during the 1690s. He served as a member of the Grand Jury at the court sessions of November 3, 1690, June 25, 1692, August 8, 1692, and February 20, 1692/93 [The Burlington Court Book, pp. 115, 141, 142, 148]. At the February, 1694 term of court, he was listed as an overseer of highways for Chesterfield in Burlington County. The following year on November 4, 1695, Andrew Smith and John Rudderow were fined 10 shillings by the Burlington County court for non-appearance in a bill of indictment against William Lovejoy and Anne Penston, wife of Stephen Penstom [The Burlington Court Book, pp. 176, 182].
At the Burlington Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends convened between September 4-7, 1692, Andrew Smith and sixty-nine other men signed a document in defense of Reverend George Keith (ca. 1638/39-1716), an eminent minister of the Friends and former Surveyor-General of the Province of East Jersey. Keith had produced a schism in the Society of Friends in June, 1691 when he authored a declaration of belief for the Friends incorporating various aspects of more traditional Christian orthodoxy. The resulting division among the Friends over Keith's theological ideas resulted in Keith breaking from the Philadelphia Yearly Meeting and creating a new seperate faction of Friends known as "Christian Quakers" or "Keithians." Keith later returned to England, where he was ordained an Anglican minister in 1700. He visited the colonies again between 1702-1704 on a mission sponsored by the Society for the Preservation of the Gospel, and died on March 27, 1716 while serving as rector of Edburton Parish in Sussex, England.
In April, 1697, Andrew Smith received a survey in behalf of his eldest son Thomas Smith for 100 acres adjoining Roger Parke’s tract of 400 acres. In the same month and year, he likewise procured another survey in behalf of his son Thomas for 200 acres on the North side of Stony Brook located between the lands of Joshua Ward and John Houghton [West Jersey Deeds, Liber A (Revel’s Book of Surveys, Reversed Side), 1680-1704, p. 15]. The two tracts of land totaling 300 acres were subsequently conveyed by the West Jersey Society by their agent Thomas Revell to Thomas Smith on February 25, 1698/99. The land was described as being “above the Falls of Delaware” [West Jersey Deeds, Liber B, Part 2, 1687-1703, p. 640]. Andrew Smith served again on a Grand Jury for Burlington County court on November 3, 1702 [The Burlington Court Book, p. 270]. On February 28, 1702/03, the children of Andrew Smith (namely, Thomas, Andrew, Elizabeth, Mary, and Hannah) as well as other Hopewell residents were baptized by Rev. John Talbot, and their baptisms were recorded in the parish register of St. Ann’s Church in Burlington, New Jersey. The first foundation stones of this Episcopal church had been laid on March 25, 1703, and it was officially chartered on October 4, 1704 by Edward Hyde, Lord Cornbury (1661-1723; Governor of New Jersey, 1702-1708) and named after Queen Anne. When a new royal charter was granted on January 25, 1709, the church was subsequently known as St. Mary’s [Stillwell, John E., Historical and Genealogical Miscellany of New York and New Jersey, Volume 2, 1906, p. 49]. It is believed that Smith’s adult children were baptized in the Episcopal church to procure their inheritance rights under English law. Andrew Smith of Burlington County, New Jersey devised his will on January 16, 1703/04. In his will, Smith bequeathed to his son Andrew the plantation upon which he dwelled and half of his personal goods and chattels. John Fidler, a servant of John Parke, received twenty shillings. Daughter Elizabeth Smith received 30 Pounds in silver money. Daughter Mary, wife of William Scooley, was bequeathed 20 Pounds in silver money. The remaining sums of money and half of his personal goods and chattels were devised to daughters Sarah, wife of John Parke, Elizabeth Smith, and Mary, wife of William Scooley. Son Thomas Smith and daughter Elizabeth Smith were appointed executors to the will, which was witnessed by William Hixon, Caleb Wheatley, and Joshua Ward. The will was submitted for probate at Burlington Court on March 7, 1703/04 [Original will and inventory in New Jersey Unrecorded Wills, Volume 8, pp. 23-28; Recorded copy in New Jersey Unrecorded Wills, Book 1, pp. 1-3]. The family records of Andrew Smith can be found in an ancient bible printed in London by Robert Barker in 1608. The bible also contains the family records of his son Andrew Smith (b. February 8, 1689, d. March 21, 1767; md. Sarah Stout) and his grandson Timothy Smith (b. November 20, 1730, d. February 19, 1796; md. Jane Lott). There are also additional handwritten references to other names such as George Pitt, John Pitt, Joseph Foster, John Seale, Sarah Foster, and Jonathan Stout, as well as a geographical reference to Grimethorpe, a village in Yorkshire, England. The bible was donated in 1948 in behalf of its owner James Morgan Smith to the Presbyterian Historical Society in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where it remained until 1976 when it was withdrawn and given back to Mr. Smith, who subsequently gave it to his daughter, Mrs. Sally Bailey. In September, 2004, Mrs. Bailey donated the bible to the New England Historic Genealogical Society in Boston, Massachusetts. Articles concerning the bible were published in The American Genealogist in 1932 [Volume 9, pp. 222-223], 1948 [Volume 24, pp. 102-104], and 1976 [Volume 52, pp. 226-229]. Gloria Smith Padach published an article entitled “The Pitt/Smith Bible” which included photos of the bible in the August, 1994 edition of the Rowan County Register [Volume 9, No. 3, pp. 2049-2056]. An article giving a complete transcription and explanation of the bible by its owner Sally Bailey was published in the August, 1996 edition of the same publication [Volume 11, No. 3, pp. 2569-2574]. In 1972 while in possession of the Presbyterian Historical Society, the bible was microfilmed by the LDS (Mormon) Church [Film Number 0886968, Item 2]. The children of the earliest Andrew Smith are given in the bible as follows:
Sarah Smith was borne the 28 of the 9 month 1675 About the 10 hour before noon
Thomas Smith was borne abou[t] the 20 of November 1677
Elizabeth Smith was borne in the second month 1680 [Burlington Monthly Meeting, April 7, 1680]
Mary Smith was borne in the begining of the 7th month 1682
Hannah Smith was borne the last of the first month 1685
Andrew Smith Borne the 8th of the 12th month night 1689
The identity of Andrew Smith’s wife or wives has been the subject of considerable debate by researchers. The records of the Burlington Monthly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends (called “Quakers”) contain a birth entry for Elizabeth, the daughter of Andrew Smith and wife Olive, on April 7, 1680 [7th d, 2nd mo, 1680]. This birth entry coincides with that found for daughter Elizabeth in the Smith family bible. Thus, this record establishes the first name of Andrew Smith’s wife. Rosalie C. Smith in Volume Two of her genealogy Smith Gentes (1990) suggested that Andrew’s wife may have been OLIVE PITT, based upon the appearance of that surname in the Smith bible. While on a research trip to England in 1982, Mrs. Smith located a reference to the 1630 marriage of GEORGE PITT, tanner, age 23 [1607] to OLIVE WALKER, age 20 [1610] in the parish of Felkirk, Yorkshire [Paver’s Marriage License Index, 1630-1644, p. 140]. Interestingly, the village of Grimethorpe mentioned in the Smith bible is located in the parish of Felkirk, Yorkshire, thus lending some credence to the theory that Smith’s wife might have been a daughter of the aforementioned couple. However, it should be emphasized that no documentary proof has yet been uncovered to further substantiate Mrs. Smith’s hypothesis, and more research is needed. In her 1994 article in the Rowan County Register, researcher Gloria Padach put forth the proposed theory that Andrew Smith’s first wife may have been SARAH FOSTER. Mrs. Padach based her hypothesis upon the appearance of that name in the Smith bible, as well as handwriting similarities she noted in the birth entry for Andrew Smith’s eldest daughter Sarah. A careful handwriting analysis of the original bible entries by this author has not yielded the same opinion, as all the bible entries appear to be written in the same hand. Although the capital “S” in Sarah’s birth entry is unique and does resemble the writing of Sarah Foster found elsewhere in the bible, all other letters in the Sarah Smith birth entry are clearly in the same hand as the subsequent entries. Indeed, it would appear that the style of capital “S” found in Sarah Smith’s birth entry is actually an overwrite or some type of handwriting experimentation on the part of the individual who wrote the entries. It may have been intended to make interpretation of the letter clearer to the reader. It is impossible to say with certainty whether the letter "S" was written by Sarah Foster. While Mrs. Padach’s theory has gained popular acceptance among some researchers of the Smith family, it seems entirely inconclusive whether Andrew’s first wife was Sarah Foster based solely on the evidence of handwriting found in the Smith bible. What relationship, if any, Sarah Foster had to the Andrew Smith family is presently unknown. Issue:
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