INTRODUCTION

Louis A. Strohman was the Park Custodian (Park Ranger)during the 1930s and in 1940

when he compiled this Plant List. I read newspaper accounts of college professors and their students visiting Waubonsie State Park for field trips in biology during this time. Mr. Strohman no doubt availed himself of their research. A copy of this list was given to me by Park Ranger John W. Lambertz shortly after I arrived in the Park. It was helpful to me as I tried to identify the local flora.

This list is accurate down to the genus level, but I found some of their identifications

inaccurate. They keyed out the plants they found to the closest species they could find in the book(s) they were using. I found in many instances where they had keyed a plant out to a closely related species. The book(s) they used didn't contain all the species found in Waubonsie State Park, you can't find something if it is not there.

This list may be of use to someone visiting the Park early in the season-May or before. I didn't

arrive and start work until the end of May and thus missed the early bloomers.

The Civilian Conservation Corps was also present in Waubonsie State Park during the 1930's

and structures they built are still in use today, i.e., "mushroom" shelters, walkways going up to the bathrooms, etc.

1940 PLANT LIST FOR WAUBONSIE STATE PARK

Abstract: A list of trees and other plants found growing in or near Waubonsie State Park. All trees and plants listed herein have actually been located and identified during the growing season of 1940. List compiled by Louis A. Strohman, Park Custodian. Revised May 2000 by Chuck Walker of the Student Conservation Association.

Family

Scientific name (common name)

Aceraceae

Acer negundoL. (boxelder)

Acer saccharinum L. (silver maple)

Anacardiaceae

Rhus hirta (L.) Sudworth (staghorn sumac)

Toxicodendron radicans(L.) Kuntze (eastern poison ivy)

Annonaceae

Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal (pawpaw)

Betulaceae

Corylus americana Walt.American (hazelnut)

Ostrya virginiana (P. Mill.) K. Koch (hophornbeam)

Caprifoliaceae

Sambucus nigra Walt. (common elderberry)

Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Moench (coralberry)

Celastraceae

Celastrus scandens L. (American bittersweet)

Euonymus atropurpureus Jacq. (easterm wahoo)

Cornaceae

Cornus drummondii C.A. Mey. (roughleaf dogwood)

Cupressaceae

Juniperus virginiana L. (eastern redcedar)

Elaeagnaceae

Elaeagnus angustifolia L. (Russian olive)

Fabaceae

Amorpha canescens Pursh (leadplant)

Cercis canadensis L. (eastern redbud)

Gleditsia triacanthos L. (honeylocust)

Gymnocladus dioicus (L.) K. Koch (Kentucky coffeetree)

Robinia pseudoacacia L. (black locust)

Fagaceae

Quercus alba L. (white oak)

Quercus ellipsoidalis E. J. Hill (northern pin oak)

Quercus macrocarpa Michx. (bur oak)

Quercus muehlenbergii Engelm. (chinkapin oak)

Quercus prinus L. (chestnut oak)

Quercus rubra L. (northern red oak)

Grossulariaceae

Ribes missouriense Nutt. (Missouri gooseberry)

Juglandaceae

Carya glabra (Miller) Sweet (sweet pignut-hickory)

Carya ovata (Miller) K. Koch (shagbark-hickory)

Juglans nigra L. (black walnut)

Menispermaceae

Menispermum canadense L. (moonseed vine)

Moraceae

Maclura pomifera ((Raf.) C.K. Schneider (osage-orange)

Morus rubra (L. (red mulberry)

Oleaceae

Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall (green ash)

Rhamnaceae

Ceanothus americanus L. (New Jersey tea)

Ceanothus sanquineus Pursh (redstem ceanothus)

Rosaceae

Amelanchier canadensis (L.) Medik. (Canadian serviceberry)

Crataegus mollis Scheele (Arnold hawthorn)

Crataegus calpodendron (Ehrh.) Medik. (pear hawthorn)

Prunus serotina Ehrh. (black cherry)

Prunus virginiana L. (chokecherry)

Malus ioensis var. ioensis (Wood) Brit. (prairie crab)

Rosa arkansana Porter (prairie rose)

Salicaceae

Populus deltoides Michx. (eastern cottonwood)

Populus tremuloides Scheele (quaking aspen)

Salix eriocephala Michx. (Missouri River willow)

Salix exigua Nutt. (narrowleaf willow)

Salix humilis Marsh. (prairie willow)

Salix nigra Marsh. (black willow)

Smilacaceae

Smilax tamnoides L. (bristly greenbrier)

Tiliaceae

Tilia americanavar. americana L. (American basswood)

Ulmaceae

Celtis occidentalis L. (common hackberry)

Ulmus americana L. (American elm)

Ulmus rubra Muhl. (slippery elm)

Ulmus thomasii Sarg. (rock elm)

Vitaceae

Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. (Virginia creeper)

Vitis vulpina L. (frost grape)

Ferns

Equisetaceae

Equisetum hyemale (var. affine (Engelm.) A.A. Eat. (scoringrush horsetail)

Ophioglossaceae

Botrychium virginianum (L.) Sw. (rattlesnake fern)

Polypodiaceae

Polypodium virginianum L. (rock polypody)

Pteridaceae

Adiantum pedatum L. (northern maidenhair)

Spring Flowers And Weeds

Agavaceae

Yucca glauca Nutt. (soapweed yucca)

Amaranthaceae

Amaranthus retroflexus L. (redroot amaranth)

Apiaceae

Sanicula canadensis L. (Canadian blacksnakeroot)

Apocynaceae

Apocynum cannabinum) L. (Indianhemp

Araceae

Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott. (jack in the pulpit)

Asclepiadaceae

Asclepias incarnata L. (swamp milkweed)

Asclepias lanuginosa Nutt. (sidecluster milkweed)

Asclepias syriaca L. (common milkweed)

Asclepias tuberosa L. (butterfly milkweed)

Asclepias verticillata L. (whorled milkweed)

Asteraceae

Achillea millefolium L. (common yarrow)

Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. (common ragweed)

Ambrosia tomentosa Nutt. (skeletonleaf burr ragweed)

Ambrosia trifida L. (great ragweed)

Antennaria neglecta Greene. (field pussytoes)

Antennaria plantaginifolia L.) Richards. (woman's tobacco)

Anthemis cotula L. (stinking chamomile)

Arctium lappa L. (greater burrdock

Arnoglossum atriplicifolim (L.)H. E. Robins. (pale Indian plaintain)

Arnoglossum plantagineum Raf. (groovestem Indian plaintain) <

Brickellia eupatorioides var. corymbulosa (Torr. & Gray) Shinners (false boneset)

Cirsium flodmanii (Rydb.)Arthur (Flodman's thistle)

Cirsium vulgare ((Savi) Ten. (bull thistle)

Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq. (Canadian horseweed)

Coreopsis lanceolataL. (lanceleaf tickseed)

Echinacea angustifoliavar. angustifolia DC. (blacksamson echinacea)

Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal (curlycup gumweed)

Helianthus annuus L. (common sunflower)

Helianthus divaricatus (L.) Richards. (woodland sunflower)

Helianthus maximiliani Schrad. (Maximilian sunflower)

Helianthus pauciflorus Nutt. (stiff sunflower)

Helianthus tuberosus L. (Jerusalem artichoke)

Iva xanthifolia Nutt. (giant sumpweed)

Lactuca tatarica var. pulchella (Pursh) Breitung (blue lettuce)

Lactuca serriola L. (prickly lettuce)

Liatris aspera Michx. (tall blazing star)

Liatris pycnostachya Michx. (prairie blazing star)

Lygodesmia juncea (Pursh) D.Don ex Hook. (rush skeletonplant)

Oligoneuron rigidum var. rigidum (L.) Small (stiff goldenrod)

Silphium laciniatum L. (compassplant)

Solidago missouriensis Nutt. (Missouri goldenrod)

Solidago rupestris Raf. (rock goldenrod)

Solidago speciosa Nutt. (showy goldenrod)

Symphyotrichum ericoides var. ericoides (L.) Nesom. (heath aster)

Symphyotrichum oblongifolius (Nutt.) Nesom. (aromatic aster)

Symphyotrichum sericeum (Vent.) Nesom. (western silver aster)

Tanacetum vulgare L. (common tansy)

Taraxacum laevigatum (Willd.) DC. (rock dandelion)

Taraxacum officinale Weber ex Wiggers (common dandelion)

Tragopogon pratensis L. (jack-go-to-bed-at-noon)

Vernonia baldwinii Torr. (Baldwin's ironweed)

Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray (Canada cockleburr)

Balsaminaceae

Impatiens capensis Meerb. (jewelweed)

Impatiens pallida L. (pale touch me not)

Boraginaceae

Cynoglossum officinale L. (gypsyflower)

Hackelia deflexa (Wahlenb.) Opiz (nodding stickseed )

Hackelia virginiana (L.) I.M. Johnston (beggarslice)

Lappula squarrosa (Retz.) Dumort. (European stickseed)

Lithospermum canenscens (Michx.) Lehm. (hoary puccoon)

Lithospermum incisum Lehm. (narrowleaf stoneseed)

Mertensia virginica (L.) Pers. ex Link (Virginia bluebells)

Onosmodium molle Michx. (softhair marbleseed)

Brassicaceae

Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. (India mustard)

Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch (black mustard)

Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. (shepherd's purse)

Cardamine concatenata Sw. (cutleaf toothwort)

Lepidium virginicum L. (Virginia pepperweed)

Sinapis arvensis L. (charlock mustard)

Thlaspi arvense L. (field pennycress)

Campanulaceae

Lobelia inflata L. (Indian-tobacco)

Triodanis perfoliata (L.) Nieuwl. (clasping Venus' looking-glass)

Cannabacaceae

Cannabis sativa L. (marijuana)

Caryophyllaceae

Silene latifolia Poir. (bladder campion)

Chenopodiaceae

Atriplex prostrata Bouchér ex DC. (triangle orache)

Chenopodium album L. (lambsquarters)

Chenopodium simplex (Torr.) Raf. (mapleleaf goosefoot)

Salsola tragus L. (prickly Russian thistle )

Clusiaceae

Hypericum drummondii (Grev. & Hook.) Torr. & Gray. (nits and lice)

Commelinaceae

Tradescantia occidentalis (Britt.) Smyth. (prairie spiderwort)

Convolvulaceae

Convolvulus arvensis L. (field bindweed)

Ipomoea hederacea Jacq. (ivyleaf morning-glory)

Cucurbitaceae

Sicyos angulatus L. (burr cucumber)

Cyperaceae

Carex vulpinoidea Michx. (fox sedge)

Euphorbiaceae

Acalypha ostryifolia Riddell (pineland threeseed mercury)

Chamaesyce maculata (L.) Small (spotted sandmat)

Chamaesyce nutans (Lag.) Small (eyebane)

Euphorbia corollata L. (flowering spurge)

Euphorbia cyathophora Murr. (fire on the mountain)

Euphorbia cyparissias L. (cypress spurge)

Euphorbia dentata Michx. (toothed spurge)

Euphorbia marginata Pursh (snow on the mountain)

Fabaceae

Amphicarpaea bracteata (L.) Fern. (hogpeanut)

Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.) Greene. (sleepingplant)

Dalea candida Michx. (white prairie clover)

Dalea enneandra Nutt. (nineanther prairie clover)

Dalea purpurea Vent. (violet prairie clover)

Dalea villosa (Nutt.) Spreng. (silky prairie clover)

Desmanthus illinoensis (Michx.) MacM. ex B.L. Robins & Fern. (prairie bundleflower)

Desmodium canadense (L.) DC. (hoary ticktrefoil)

Lespedeza capitata Michx. (roundhead lespedeza)

Lespedeza cuneata Dum.-Cours.) G. Don (Chinese lespedeza)

Melilotus alba Medikus (white sweetclover)

Melilotus officinalis (L.)Lam. (yellow sweetclover)

Oxytropis lamberti Pursh (Lambert's crazyweed)

Pediomelum argophyllum Pursh) J. Grimes (silverleaf Indian breadroot)

Strophostyles leiosperma (Torr. & Gray) Piper (slickseed fuzzybean)

Fumariaceae

Corydalis spp. DC. (fumewort )

Dicentra cucullaria ((L.) Bernh. (Dutchman's breeches)

Hydrophyllaceae

Hydrophyllum virginianum L. (Shawnee salad)

Iridaceae

Sisyrinchium angustifolium P. Mill. (narrowleaf blue-eyed grass )

Juncaceae

Juncus tenuis Willd. (poverty rush )

Lamiaceae

Hedeoma hispida Pursh (rough false pennyroyal)

Leonurus cardiaca L. (common motherwort)

Monarda fistulosa L. (wild bergamot)

Nepeta cataria L. (catnip)

Scutellaria parvula Michx. (small skull cap)

Stachys palustris L. (marsh hedgenettle)

Teucrium canadense L. (Canada germander)

Liliaceae

Erythronium albidum Nutt. (white fawn lily)

Hypoxis hirsuta (L.) Coville (common goldstar )

Polygonatum biflorum (Walt.) Ell. (smooth Solomon's seal)

Trillium grandiflorum (Michx.) Salisb. (snow trillium)

Linaceae

Linum rigidum Pursh (stiffstem flax)

Linum sulcatum Riddell (grooved flax)

Lythraceae

Ammannia coccinea Rottb. (valley redstem)

Malvaceae

Abutilon theophrasti Medik. (velvetleaf)

Callirhoe involucrata (Torr. & Gray) Gray (purple poppymallow)

Hibiscus trionum L. (flower of an hour)

Malva rotundifolia L. (low mallow)

Malvastrum hispidum (Pursh) Hochr. (hispid false mallow)

Monotropaceae

Monotropa uniflora L. (Indianpipe)

Nyctaginaceaee

Mirabilis nyctaginea (Michx.) MacM. (heartleaf four o'clock)

Onagraceae

Calylophus serrulatus (Nutt.) Raven (yellow sundrops)

Gaura mollis James (velvetweed)

Oxalidaceae

Oxalis corniculata L. (creeping woodsorrel)

Oxalis violacea L. (violet woodsorrel)

Papaveraceae

Sanguinaria canadensis L. (bloodroot)

Plantaginaceae

Plantago lanceolata L. (narrowleaf plantain)

Plantago rugelii Dcne. (blackseed plaintain)

Poaceae

Andropogon gerardii Vitman (big bluestem)

Bouteloa curtipendula (Michx.) Torr. (sideoats grama)

Cenchrus longspinus (Hack.)Fern. (mat sandbur)

Dichanthelium oligosanthes var. oligosanthes (J.A. Schultes) Gould (Heller's rosette grass)

Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. (hairy crabgrass)

Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. (Indian goosegrass)

Eragrostis cilianensis (All.) Vign. ex Janchen (stinkgrass)

Hordeum jubatum L. (foxtail barley)

Muhlenbergia schreberi J.F. Gmel. (nimblewill)

Panicum capillare L. (witchgrass)

Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash (little bluestem)

Setaria viridis (L.)Beauv. (green bristlegrass)

Tridens flavus (L.) A. S. Hitchc. (purpletop tridens)

Polygonaceae

Polygonum amphibium L. (water knotweed)

Polygonum arviculare L. (prostrate knotweed )

Polygonum pensylvanicum L. (Pennsylvania smartweed)

Polygonum ramosissimum Michx. (bushy knotweed)

Polygonum scandens L. (climbing false buckwheat)

Rumex acetosella L. (common sheep sorrel)

Rumex altissimus Wood. (pale dock)

Rumex crispus L. (curly dock)

Ranunculaceae

Actaea pachypoda Ell. (white baneberry )

Anemone canadensis L. (red anemone)

Anemone cylindrica Gray (candle anemone)

Aquilegia canadensis L. (red columbine)

Clematis catesbyana Pursh (satincurls)

Delphinium carolinianum ssp. virescens (Nutt.) Brooks (Carolina larkspur)

Thalictrum pubescens Pursh (king of the meadow)

Rosaceae

Fragaria virginiana Duchesne (Virginia strawberry)

Geum aleppicum Jacq. (yellow avens)

Potentilla norvegica L. (Norwegian cinquefoil)

Rubiaceae

Galium circaezans var. hypomalacum Fern. (licorice bedstraw)

Hedyotis nigricans (Lam.) Fosberg (diamondflowers)

Scrophulariaceae

Castilleja sessilflora Pursh (downy paintedcup)

Penstemon grandiflorus Nutt. (large beardtongue)

Verbascum lychnitis L. (white mullein)

Verbascum thapsus L. (common mullein)

Solanaceae

Datura stramonium L. (jimsonweed)

Phylasis hispida (Waterfall) Cronq. (prairie groundcherry)

Solanum rostratum Dunal (buffalobur nightshade)

Urticaceae

Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (Ait.) Seland. (California nettle)

Verbenaceae

Phryma leptostachya L. (American lopseed)

Phyla lanceolata (Michx.) Greene (lanceleaf fog fruit)

Verbena hastata L. (swamp verbena)

Verbena urticifolia L. (white vervain)

Violaceae

Viola scabriuscula (modern name unknown) (yellow violet)

Viola sororia Willd. (common blue violet)

Interesting Plants Found Growing Near The Park

Alismataceae

Sagittaria latifolia Willd. (broadleaf arrowhead)

Asteraceae

Sonchus asper (L.) Hill (spiny sowthistle)

Cyperaceae

Scirpus L. (bulrush)

Iridaceae

Iris versicolor L. (harlequin blueflag)

Malvaceae

Hibiscus laevis All. (halberdleaf rosemallow)

Ranunculaceae

Ranunculus abortivus L. (littleleaf buttercup)

Sarraceniaceae

Sarracenia L. (pitcherplant)

Sparganiaceae

Sparganium eurycarpum Engelm. ex Gray (broadfruit bur-reed)

Typhaceae

Typha angustifolia L. (narrowleaf cattail)

Typha latifolia L. (broadleaf cattail)

Plants Reported But Not Found

Nelumbonaceae

Nelumbo lutea Willd. (American lotus)

Orchidaceae

Cypripedium parviflorum Salisb. (lesser yellow lady's slipper) or

Cypripedium pubescens var. pubescens Willd. (greater yellow lady's slipper)

Pontederiaceae

Pontederia cordata L. (pickerelweed)

Home Page

1 1999 PLANT LIST FOR WAUBONSIE STATE PARK

2)Prairie Plant List

4) Riverton Wildlife Area

5) The Lakota and footbridge

6) SIU Home Page

7) History of the Civilian Conservation Corps