Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that
best completes the statement or answers the question.
|
|
|
1.
|
The
movements of energy and nutrients through living systems are different because a. | energy flows in one direction and nutrients
recycle. | b. | energy is limited
in the biosphere and nutrients are always available. | c. | nutrients flow in one direction and energy
recycles. | d. | energy forms
chemical compounds and nutrients are lost as heat. | | |
|
|
|
2.
|
The
branch of biology dealing with interactions among organisms and between organisms and their
environment is called a. | economy. | b. | modeling. | c. | recycling. | d. | ecology. | | |
|
|
|
3.
|
Which
of the following organisms does NOT require sunlight to live? a. | chemosynthetic bacteria | b. | algae | c. | trees | d. | photosynthetic bacteria | | |
|
|
|
4.
|
What
animals eat both producers and consumers? a. | herbivores | b. | omnivores | c. | chemotrophs | d. | autotrophs | | |
|
|
|
5.
|
All
the interconnected feeding relationships in an ecosystem make up a food a. | interaction. | b. | chain. | c. | network. | d. | web. | | |
|
|
|
6.
|
Green
plants are a. | producers. | b. | consumers. | c. | herbivores. | d. | omnivores. | | |
|
|
|
7.
|
All of
the members of a particular species that live in one area are called a(an) a. | biome. | b. | population. | c. | community. | d. | ecosystem. | | |
|
|
|
8.
|
A
snake that eats a frog that has eaten an insect that fed on a plant is a a. | first-level producer. | b. | first-level consumer. | c. | second-level producer. | d. | third-level consumer. | | |
|
|
|
9.
|
The
repeated movement of water between Earth’s surface and the atmosphere is called a. | the water cycle. | b. | the condensation cycle. | c. | precipitation. | d. | evaporation. | | |
|
|
|
10.
|
Organisms that break down and feed on wastes and dead organisms are
called a. | decomposers. | b. | omnivores. | c. | autotrophs. | d. | producers. | | |
|
|
|
11.
|
What
is the original source of almost all the energy in most ecosystems? a. | carbohydrates | b. | sunlight | c. | water | d. | carbon | | |
|
|
|
Figure 3-1
|
|
|
12.
|
The
algae at the beginning of the food chain in Figure 3-1 are a. | consumers. | b. | decomposers. | c. | producers. | d. | heterotrophs. | | |
|
|
|
Figure 3-2
|
|
|
13.
|
In
which way does Figure 3-2 differ from a typical model of trophic levels? a. | Second-level consumers outnumber first-level
consumers. | b. | Third-level
consumers outnumber second-level consumers. | c. | First-level consumers outnumber
producers. | d. | First-level
consumers outnumber second-level consumers. | | |
|
|
|
14.
|
Figure
3-2 illustrates a(an) a. | biomass pyramid. | b. | food pyramid. | c. | numbers pyramid. | d. | energy pyramid. | | |
|
|
|
15.
|
The
part of Earth in which all living things exist is called the a. | biome. | b. | community. | c. | ecosystem. | d. | biosphere. | | |
|
|
|
16.
|
The
event that can occur after a lake receives a large input of a limiting nutrient is a. | an algal bloom. | b. | algae begin to die and decomposers take
over. | c. | nitrogen
compounds are recycled. | d. | the concentration of oxygen drops below the necessary
level. | | |
|
|
|
17.
|
Which
of the following is NOT recycled in the biosphere? a. | water | b. | nitrogen | c. | carbon | d. | energy | | |
|
|
|
18.
|
The
total amount of tissue of all the organisms in a food chain is called the a. | organic mass. | b. | trophic mass. | c. | energy mass. | d. | biomass. | | |
|
|
|
19.
|
Only
10 percent of the energy stored in an organism can be passed on to the next trophic level. Of the
remaining energy, some is used for the organism’s life processes, and the rest
is a. | used in
reproduction. | b. | stored as body
tissue. | c. | stored as
fat. | d. | eliminated as
heat. | | |
|
|
|
20.
|
An
organism that cannot make its own food is called a(an) a. | heterotroph. | b. | chemotroph. | c. | autotroph. | d. | producer. | | |
|
|
|
21.
|
Which
type of pyramid shows the amount of living tissue at each trophic level in an
ecosystem? a. | a numbers
pyramid | b. | an energy
pyramid | c. | a biomass
pyramid | d. | a food
pyramid | | |
|
|
|
22.
|
An
organism that produces its own food supply from inorganic compounds is called a(an) a. | heterotroph. | b. | consumer. | c. | detritivore. | d. | autotroph. | | |
|
|
|
23.
|
What
is an organism that feeds only on plants called? a. | carnivore | b. | herbivore | c. | omnivore | d. | detritivore | | |
|
|
|
24.
|
What
is the term for each step in the transfer of energy and matter within a biological
community? a. | energy
path | b. | food
web | c. | trophic
level | d. | food
pyramid | | |
|
|
|
25.
|
If a
nutrient is in such short supply in an ecosystem that it affects an animal's growth,
the a. | animal becomes a
decomposer. | b. | substance is a
limiting nutrient. | c. | nutrient leaves the food chain. | d. | ecosystem will not survive. | | |
|