c-HURRIAN-URARTIAN-9_table.htm

Tlazoltéotl

Urartian divinity (restored), wood and bronze. Karmir-Blur. 8th century BPE

TABLE
OF
PL / IE / HURRIAN-URARTIAN
CORRESPONDENCES

by Patrick C. Ryan

2/12/2001

number+i=(word) initial; number+m=medial (non-initial);
number+f=(word) final;
*=standard reconstruction; **=reconstructed by author; :=long vowel

PROTO- LANGUAGE

INDO- EUROPEAN

HURRIAN-URARTIAN

may be used for annotation

HV⁽¹⁾

HV:

¿E

HHE

HV:

¿A

HHA

HV:

¿O

HHO

HV:

P[?]E⁽⁵⁾

P[H]E

b(h)/wV

H [initial]: p

H [medial]: p^?

(written p)

U: p^? (written

H [initial]: p

H [medial]: p

(written pp)

U: p

P[?]A⁽⁵⁾

P[H]A

b(h)/wV

H [initial]: p

H [medial]: p^?

(written p)

U: p^? (written

H [initial]: p

H [medial]: p

(written pp)

U: p

P[?]O⁽⁵⁾

P[H]O

b(h)/wV

H [initial]: p

H [medial]: p^?

(written p)

U: p^? (written

H [initial]: p

H [medial]: p

(written pp)

U: p

P[?]FE

PF[H]E

bhV

p[h]V:

H [initial]: p

H [medial]: b

(written p)

U: b (written

H [initial]: p

H [medial]: p

(written pp)

U: p

P[?]FA

PF[H]A

bhV⁽²⁾

p[h]V:

H [initial]: p

H [medial]: b

(written p)

U: b (written

H [initial]: p

H [medial]: p

(written pp)

U: p

P[?]FO

PF[H]O

bhV

p[h]V:

H [initial]: p

H [medial]: b

(written p)

U: b (written

H [initial]: p

H [medial]: p

(written pp)

U: p

F[H]E

wV:

H [initial]: v

(written u/w)

H [medial]: v

(written u/w)

U: v (written

u/w)

H [initial]: f

(written u/w)

H [medial]: f

(written u/w + u/w)

U: f (written

u/w)

F[H]A

wV:

H [initial]: v

(written u/w)

H [medial]: v

(written u/w)

U: v (written

u/w)

H [initial]: f

(written u/w)

H [medial]: f

(written u/w + u/w)

U: f (written

u/w)

F[H]O

wV:

H [initial]: v

(written u/w)

H [medial]: v

(written u/w)

U: v (written

u/w)

H [initial]: f

(written u/w)

H [medial]: f

(written u/w + u/w)

U: f (written

u/w)

T[?]E

T[H]E

H [initial]: t

H [medial]: t?

(written t)

U: t? (written

H [initial]: t

H [medial]: t

(written tt)

U: t

T[?]A

T[H]A

H [initial]: t

H [medial]: t?

(written t)

U: t? (written

H [initial]: t

H [medial]: t

(written tt)

U: t

T[?]O

T[H]O

H [initial]: t

H [medial]: t?

(written t)

U: t? (written

H [initial]: t

H [medial]: t

(written tt)

U: t

T[?]SE

TS[H]E

dhV

t[h]/twV:

H [initial]: t

H [medial]: dz

(written z)

U: dz (written

H [initial]: ts

(written s)

H [medial]: ts

(written s)

U: ts (written s)

T[?]SA

TS[H]A

dhV⁽³⁾

t[h]/twV:

H [initial]: t

H [medial]: dz

(written z)

U: dz (written

H [initial]: ts

(written s)

H [medial]: ts

(written s)

U: ts (written s)

T[?]SO

TS[H]O

dhV

t[h]/twV:

H [initial]: t

H [medial]: dz

(written z)

U: dz (written

H [initial]: ts

(written s)

H [medial]: ts

(written s)

U: ts (written s)

S[H]E

sV:

H [initial]: z

(written š)

H [medial]: z

(written š)

U: z (written

š)

H [initial]: s

(written š)

H [medial]: s

(written šš)

U: s (written š)

S[H]A

sV:

H [initial]: z

(written sh)

H [medial]: z

(written sh)

U: z (written

sh)

H [initial]: s

(written sh)

H [medial]: s

(written shsh)

U: s (written sh)

S[H]O

sV:

H [initial]: z

(written sh)

H [medial]: z

(written sh)

U: z (written

sh)

H [initial]: s

(written sh)

H [medial]: s

(written shsh)

U: s (written sh)

K[?]E

K[H]E

g[^]V

k[^]V

H [initial]: k

H [medial]: k?

(written k)

U: k? (written

H [initial]: k

H [medial]: k

(written kk)

U: k

K[?]A

K[H]A

H [initial]: k

H [medial]: k?

(written k)

U: k? (written

H [initial]: k

H [medial]: k

(written kk)

U: k

K[?]O

K[H]O

H [initial]: k

H [medial]: k?

(written k)

U: k? (written

H [initial]: k

H [medial]: k

(written kk)

U: k

K[?]XE

KX[H]E

g[^]hV

k[^][h]V:

H [initial]: k

H [medial]: g

(written k)

U: g (written

H [initial]: k

H [medial]: k

(written kk)

U: k

K[?]XA

KX[H]A

ghV⁽⁴⁾

k[h]V:

H [initial]: k

H [medial]: g

(written k)

U: g (written

H [initial]: k

H [medial]: k

(written kk)

U: k

K[?]XO

KX[H]O

ghV

k[h]V:

H [initial]: k

H [medial]: g

(written k)

U: g (written

H [initial]: k

H [medial]: k

(written kk)

U: k

X[H]E

g[^][w]V

k[^][w]V

H [initial]: ?

(written h)

H [medial]: ?

(written h)

U: ?

(written h)

H [initial]: x

(written h)

H [medial]: x

(written hh)

U: h

X[H]A

g[w]V

k[w]V

H [initial]: ?

(written h)

H [medial]: ?

(written h)

U: ?

(written h)

H [initial]: x

(written h)

H [medial]: x

(written hh)

U: h

X[H]O

g[w]V

k[w]V

H [initial]: ?

(written h)

H [medial]: ?

(written h)

U: ?

(written h)

H [initial]: x

(written h)

H [medial]: x

(written hh)

U: h

M[H]E

mV:

M[H]A

mV:

M[H]O

mV:

N[H]E

l[^]V

l[^]V:

N[H]A

lV:

N[H]O

LV:

Q[H]E

(n)g[^]V

(n)k[^]V:

ng (written q)

Q[H]A

(n)gV

(n)kV:

ng (written q)

Q[H]O

(n)gV

(n)kV:

ng (written q)

R[H]E

rV:

R[H]A

rV:

R[H]O

LV:

NOTATIONAL CONVENTIONS

For an explanation of the Proto-Language and Indo-European notational conventions used in these essays, press here.

Hurrian-Urartian

{} indicates Hurrian complementary orthography for medial occurrence

a, i, u
p^? [p{-pp-}], p^h [p{-pp-}]
b [b/p]
v [w/u/b/p], f [w/u/b/p{w/u/b/p+w/u/b/p}]
t^? [t{-tt-}], t^h [t{-tt-}]
d [d/t]
dz [z{z}], ts [s; U: S (dot-s)]
z [š], s [š{-šš-}; Ug: th]
k^?[k{-kk-}], k^h [k{-kk-}]
g [g/k]
g [h]; c [h{-hh-}]
palatal g [š/z], palatal c [š/z{-šš-/-zz-}]
m [m]; n [n]; ? ['/h; medial q]
r [r]; l [l]; L (dark /\/) [l{-ll-}]
j [i; U: i/g]; ? [Ø; U: ']; h [h].

Combinatory Modifications

for modifications of the vowels and consonants in combination, see the

Table of Modifications

PL MORPHOLOGICAL ELEMENTS IN HURRIAN-URARTIAN

(not included under lexical headings)

press here to see

Summary of Phonological Changes
from Proto-Language to Hurrian-Urartian

PROTO-LANGUAGE MONOSYLLABLES

In order for readers to judge the semantic plausibility of the analysis of Proto-Language (PL) compounds suggested here, I am including access to a table of Proto-Language monosyllables and the meanings I have provisionally assigned.

Most assignments can be exhaustively supported by data from actually attested forms but a few animates are very doubtful; and this list does not represent the "final" solution of these questions, which will only be approached when other scholars assist in refining it.

Patrick C. Ryan

Summer 1998

HURRIAN-URARTIAN BIBLIOGRAPHY

ADDITIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY

the latest revision of this document can be found at
HTTP://WWW.GEOCITIES.COM/Athens/Forum/2803/c-HURRIAN-URARTIAN-9_t able.htm

Patrick C. Ryan * 9115 West 34th Street - Little Rock, AR 72204-4441 * (501)227-9947
PROTO-LANGUAGE@email.msn.com

1. The Pontic-Nostratic stage of the Proto-Language, from which IE and AA developed, had only one V(owel): a (/a/, 'central low'; possibly with a schwa {6} allophone), which became e, a, or o in IE according to the Ablautsstufe required by the grammatical form though modified by the influence of laryngal-pharyngal coloring; and i, a, or u in AA, dependent on vowel patterning but possibly, at least in root nouns, on the influence of former glides.

2. Final Early IE voiced aspirated stops + a can become unaspirated: -bha becomes -b(a); -gha becomes -g(a); -dha becomes -d(a).

3. v. 2. supra!

4. v. 2. supra!

5. It is well-known that b is rare in IE as an initial and even questioned by some scholars as a root final. I have found that Early IE *b (from PL P[?]) appears in the stage of IE normally reconstructed as w or bh when root initial though usually (or always) as b when root final. It is uncertain at this time if the presence of a nearby laryngal-pharyngal (H) was the conditioning factor in P[?] becoming IE initial bh as opposed to w though the expected coloring does not seem to occur.

c-HURRIAN-URARTIAN-9_table.htm

TABLE OF PL / IE / HURRIAN-URARTIAN CORRESPONDENCES

NOTATIONAL CONVENTIONS

PL MORPHOLOGICAL ELEMENTS IN HURRIAN-URARTIAN

press here to see

Summary of Phonological Changes from Proto-Language to Hurrian-Urartian

PROTO-LANGUAGE MONOSYLLABLES

HURRIAN-URARTIAN BIBLIOGRAPHY

ADDITIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY

TABLE
OF
PL / IE / HURRIAN-URARTIAN
CORRESPONDENCES

Summary of Phonological Changes
from Proto-Language to Hurrian-Urartian