BIOLOGY 511

UNIT ELEVEN: THE HUMAN ORGANISM

UNIT OBJECTIVES

 

NERVOUS AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEMS

 

UPON COMPLETION OF THIS SECTION, THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO:

 

¨      DESCRIBE THE BASIC FUNCTIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM.

¨      DESCRIBE THE BASIC FUNCTIONS OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM.

¨      EXPLAIN THE PHYSIOLOGICAL RATIONALE BEHIND THE FUNCTIONS OF EACH SYSTEM.

¨      DESCRIBE THE CELL PHYSIOLOGY RELATED TO A RESTING AND ACTION POTENTIAL.

¨      ILLUSTRATE AND LABEL THE ANATOMY OF A MUTLIPOLAR NEURON.

¨      TRACE THE PATHWAY OF AN IMULSE THROUGH THE NEURON.

¨      RELATE THE ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVOUS SYTEM.

¨      DIFFERENTAITE BETWEEN CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL NEROUS SYSTEM FUNCTION.

¨      COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

¨      IDENTIFY THE MAJOR AREAS OF THE BRAIN.

¨      EXPLAIN WHAT IS MEANT BY THE SPECIAL SENSES.

¨      COMPARE AND CONTRAST ENDOCRINE AND EXOCRINE GLANDS.

¨      IDENTIFY THE MAJOR GLANDS OF THE HUMAN BODY.

¨      RELATE THE FUNCTION OF EACH MAJOR GLAND TO ITS STRUCTURE.

¨      EXPLAIN THE NEGATIVE FEEDBACK LOOP.

¨      DESCRIBE HORMONE FUNCTION.

¨      APPLY THE NEGATIVE FEEDBACK LOOP TO DIABETES MELLITUS.

¨      COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE NERVOUS AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEMS BASED ON STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS.

 

TEXT RESOURCES:            CHAPTERS TWENTY-SIX, AND THIRTY-ONE TO THIRTY-THREE

 

 

SKELETAL, MUSCULAR AND INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEMS

 

UPON COMPLETION OF THIS SECTION, THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO:

 

¨      DESCRIBE THE STRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT OF BONE.

¨      EXPLAIN THE FUNCTION(S) OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM.

¨      IDENTIFY SELECTED BONES ON THE HUMAN SKELETON.

¨      DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN THE AXIAL AND APPENDICULAR SKELETAL STRUCUTRES.

¨      DESCRIBE AND IDENTIFY THREE CLASSESOF JOINTS AND THEIR ACTIONS.

¨      EXPLAIN THE FUNCTION(S) OF THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM.

¨      DESCRIBE THE PROPERTIES OF SKELETAL MUSCLE.

¨      COMPARE AND CONTRAST SMOOTH, CARDIAC AND SKELETAL MUSCLE.

¨      IDENTIFY SELECTED MUSCLES ON THE HUMAN BODY.

¨      EXPLAIN THE PHYSIOLOGICAL RATIONALE FOR MUSCLE CONTRACTION ON THE MICROSCOPIC AND MACROSCOPIC LEVEL.

¨      EXPLAIN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MUSCLES AND BONES.

¨      DESCRIBE THE INTERACTION BETWEEN THE MUSCULAR AND NERVOUS SYSTEMS.

¨      EXPLAIN THE FUNCTION(S) OF THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM.

¨      IDENTIFY THE APPENDAGES TO THE SKIN.

¨      IDENTIFY AND EXPLAIN THE ANATOMY OF THE INTEGUMENT.

¨      DIFFERENTAITE BETWEEN EPIDERMAL AND DERMAL STRUCUTRES.

¨      EXPLAIN THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE MUSCULAR, SKELETAL AND INTRGUMENTARY SYSTEMS.

 

TEXT RESOURCE:  CHAPTER THIRTY-FOUR

 

 

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

 

UPON COMPLETION OF THIS SECTION, THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO:

 

¨      COMPARE AND CONTRAST MECHANICAL AND CHEMICAL DIGESTION.

¨      TRACE THE PATHWAY OF DIGESTIONS IN THE HUMAN BODY.

¨      DESCRIBE THE PHYSIOLOGICAL REACTIONS THAT OCCUR DURING THE DIGESTIVE PROCESS TO ABSROB NUTRIENTS AND EXCRETE WASTE.

¨      DESCRIBE THE ROLE OF ENZYMES IN DIGESTION.

 

TEXT RESOURCE:  CHAPTER TWENTY-NINE

 

 

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

 

UPON COMPLETION OF THIS SECTION, THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO:

 

¨      DESCRIBE THE FUNCTIONS OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.

¨      COMPARE INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL RESPIRATION PHYSIOLOGICALLY.

¨      EXPLAIN THE PROCESSES INVOLED IN RESPIRATION.

¨      IDENTIFY THE ANATOMY OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.

¨      EXPLAIN THE PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES THAT CAUSE ASTHMA, COPD, EMPHYSEMA AND CYSTIC FIBROSIS.

¨      EXPLAIN THE ROLE OF HEMOGLOBIN IN THE RESPIRATORY PROCESS.

¨      DESCRIBE THE LUNG CAPACITIES AND NOPRMAL LUNG FUNCTIONING.

¨      DESCRIBE THE RELATIONSHIP OF OXYGEN AND CARBON DIOXIDE IN RESPIRATORY RATE.

 

TEXT RESOURCE:  CHAPTER TWENTY-EIGHT

 

 

CIRCULATORY/CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

 

UPON COMPLETION OF THIS SECTION, THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO:

 

¨      DESCRIBE THE FUNCTION(S) OF THE CIRCULATORY/CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.

¨      IDENTIFY THE ANATOMY OF THE HUMAN HEART.

¨      TRACE THE PATHWAY OF BLOOD THROUGH THE CARIACD AND PULMONARY CIRCULATION.

¨      COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE PULMONARY, CARDIAC AND SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION.

¨      DESCRIBE THE TYPES OF BLOOD VESSELS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS.

¨      DESCRIBE HOW BLOOD FUNCTIONS AS A TISSUE.

¨      EXPLAIN THE CELLULAR COMPONENTS OF BLOOD AND THEIR FUNCTIONS.

¨      EXPLAIN BLOOD PRESSURE AND HEART RATE ON A PHYSIOLOGICAL LEVEL.

¨      IDENTIFY ACCEPTABLE VALUES FOR HEART RATE AND BLOOD PRESSURE.

¨      EXPLAIN THE PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THIS SYSTEM WHEN AN INDIVIDUAL HAS HYPERTENSION.

¨      EXPLAIN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE RESPIRATORY AND CIRCULATORY/CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS.

 

 

TEXT RESOURCE:  CHAPTER TWENTY-SEVEN AND TWENTY-EIGHT

 

 

 

EXCRETORY SYSTEM

 

UPON COMPLETION OF THIS SECTION, THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO:

 

¨      DESCRIBE THE FUNCTIONS OF THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM.

¨      IDENTIFY THE ANATOMY OF THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM ESPECIALLY THE NEPHRON STUCTURE..

¨      EXPLAIN HOW THE KIDNEYS FILTER THE BLOOD.

 

 

TEXT RESOURCE:  CHAPTER THIRTY

 

 

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

 

UPON COMPLETION OF THIS SECTION, THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO:

 

¨      DESCRIBE THE FUNCTION(S) OF THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM.

¨      COMPARE AND CONTRAST SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT IN MALES AND FEMALES.

¨      IDENTIFY THE ANATOMY OF THE MALE AND FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS.

¨      EXPLAIN THE FUNCTIONS OF EACH ORGAN.

¨      DESCRIBE THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE.

¨      DESCRIBE THE EVENTS THAT OCCUR FROM FERTILIZATION TO BIRTH.

¨      EXPLAIN THE PROCESS OF CHILDBIRTH.

¨      EXPLAIN THE INTERACTION OF THE NERVOUS, ENDOCRINE AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS DURING EBRYONICAND FETAL DEVELOPMENT AND CHILDBIRTH.

 

 

TEXT RESOURCE:  CHAPTER THIRTY-FIVE TO THIRTY-SEVEN

 

 

 

 

 

 

IMMUNE SYSTEM

 

UPON COMPLETION OF THIS SECTION, THE STUDENT WILL BE ABLE TO:

 

¨      DESCRIBE THE FUNCTION(S) OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM.

¨      COMPARE AND CONTRAST SPECIFIC AND NON SPECIFIC IMMUNE DEFENSES.

¨      DESCRIBE THE ROLE OF THE PHAGOCYTE IN FIGHTING INFECTION.

¨      EXPLAIN THE BODY’S INFLAMMATORYRESPONSE.

¨      EXPLAIN THE ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY RELATIONSHIP.

¨      DESCRIBE HOW ANTIGEN AND ATIBODIES ARE PRODUCED.

¨      IDENTIFY AND DESCRIBE THE VARIOUS TYPES OF IMMUNITIES.

¨      EXPLAIN HOW HIV AND ATOIMMUNE DISEASES IMPACT THE IMMUNE SYSTEM.

¨      DESCRIBE THE PHYSIOLGOCAL OCCURENCES IN FIGHTIING A COMMON VIRUS OR BACTERIUM.

 

 

TEXT RESOURCE:  CHAPTER THIRTY-ONE