BIOLOGY I

UNIT NINE: BOTANY: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF PLANTS

 

 

Introduction

 

            This unit is the introduction to the characteristics of the plant kingdom.  Since plants range from algae and moss to large trees, a brief overview of the different phyla of plants will be done.  Students have already studied the way plants make food and why plants are important to human life, but they have not been introduced to the specific structures and functions of the plant kingdom.

 

            The internal structure of plants will be investigated.  In addition, the reproduction of the plant kingdom will be studied.  The exploration of stems, roots and leaves will be included as part of the structure of plants.  Finally, the growth and development of plants will be studied.

 

Core Terminology

 

The following terminology will be used within this unit. 



Algae

Pigment

Alternation of generations

Sporophyte

Gametophyte

Chlorophyll

Moss

Liverwort

Hornworm

Antheridium

Archegonium

Vascular tissue

Xylem

Phloem

Vein

Cuticle

Rhizome

Pollen

Pollination

Gymnosperm

Angiosperm

Flower

Fruit

Monocot

Dicot

Cotyledon

Vector

Meristematic tissue

Apical meristem

Cambium

Parenchyma

Sclerenchyma

Taproot

Epidermis

Cortex

Petiole

Stoma

Guard cell

Mesophyll

Palisade layer

Spongy mesophyll

Transpiration

Annual

Biennial

Perennial

Zone of elongation

Hormone

Auxin

Lateral bud

Cytokinin

Gibberellin

Phototropism

Gravitropism

Thigmotropism

Sepal

Petal

Corolla

Stamen

Filament

Anther

Carpel

Pistil

Ovary

Style

Stigma

Ovule