Sanaatan
Ever living. Eternal. Which has no beginning and no end.
Sanaatan Kaal - means from the very
beginning (when the beginning point is not known).
Sanaatan Purush - The
earliest man - God, Hari, Bhagavaan
Sanaatan Dharm - The earliest Dharm (when the earliest time point is not
known) - Hindoo Dharm.
Sandhyaa
see also Sandhyaa and Sandhyaansh
Sandhyaa word has its origin from the word "Sandhi" which means
"joining".
(1) Sandhyaa time - When day and night meet, i.e. in the morning at dawn
and in the evening at dusk, is called Sandhyaa. Some people consider
three Sandhyaas - they consider the noon time also as Sandhyaa.
(2) Sandhyaa Worship - In Hindoo religion Sandhyaa worship is considered
a very necessary worship. This short worship is done at the time of dawn
and dusk, when day meets the night, everyday. This worship is done at
those times that is why it is called Sandhyaa worship.
(3) There is another Sandhyaa, which comes before a Yug starts, and
at the end of the Yug. This is normally of the same number of years (in
hundreds) which are in Yug, for example, Sat Yug is of 4,000 Divine
years, so its Sandhyaa is 400 Divine years.
Sandhyaa
and Sandhyaansh see also
Sandhyaa
These are the periods of beginning and end of
a Yug respectively. Since these periods also fall at the joining of two
Yug, that is why it is also called Sandhyaa and Sandhyaansh. Normally
they are of the same number of years in hundreds as the number of years
of that Yug in thousands. For example, Sat Yug consists of 4,000 Divine
years, so it will have 400 years of its Sandhyaa and 400 years of
Sandhyaansh. In the same way Tretaa Yug consists of 3,000 Divine years,
so it will have 300 years of Sandhyaa and 300 years of Sandhyaansh. One
should take it like that for the rest of the two Yug also. Sandhyaa is
before starting the Yug, and Sandhyaansh is after the Yug ends, thus Yug
is the middle period of Sandhyaa and Sandhyaansh.
Sangam
see also Prayaag
Sangam means "meeting". Sangam
is also called the place where two rives meet (as Prayaag). Thus there
may be many Sangam places. But if somebody says "Sangam",
normally it is understood as Ilaahaabaad (UP) where Gangaa and Yamunaa
rivers meet.
Sangeet
Sanhitaa
Most commonly, Sanhitaa means Ved, such as Rig Ved Sanhitaa means Rig
Ved - in fact any methodical treatise on a subject, such as "Charak
Sanhitaa" on medicine, Sushrut Sanhitaa" on surgery is called
Sanhitaa.
Sanjeevanee
Which can put life in a dead body. It may be a Vidyaa (knowledge -
Brihaspati's son Kach went to learn this Vidyaa from Shukraachaarya Jee),
or it may be a herb (Vaidya Sushen asked somebody to bring Sanjeevanee
herb from Himaalaya to revive Lakshman Jee in Raam-Raavan war). Its use
- "This has worked like a Sanjeevanee for him / or for his
business." means that "that particular thing has revived his
business."
Sankalp
Vow, intention. Taking vow to do something. It is common to take Sankalp
(vow) while donating something to a Braahman; or while doing some
religious work, such as vowing for fasting.
Sankarshan
Pulling. Since Balaraam, Krishn's elder brother, was pulled from
Devakee's womb to Rohinee's womb, he is called Sankarshan also.
Sankhyaa Pranaalee
Sankraanti
Sansaar
"That which continues without beginning or end". The cycle of ignorance,
desire, action and longing to reap the fruits of one's actions by taking
birth.
Sansaptak
Sworn to do some work. In Mahaabhaarat, Sansaptak brothers, they were
five like Paandav, sworn either to kill Arjun or to die in the
battlefield. At that time Susharmaa was the eldest and was the king.
When Yudhishthir performed Ashwamedh Yagya their children came to fight
with Arjun - Sooryavarmaa, Ketuvarmaa, Dhritvarmaa.
Sanskaar
Subtle impressions of one's
own past Karm or actions. The innermost
wall of the city of life is constructed by Sanskaar that holds the
seeker's attachments and pleasure-seeking desires.
Sanskrit
Language
Santosh
see also Niyam
Contentment.
Sanyaas
see also
Vairaagya
It is the Fourth Aashram in a human being's life when he detaches
himself from everything belonging to this world and prepares for meeting
Brahm. During this period, he may worship God, serve the community
Sanyaasee
Sanyamanee
Puree
It is the city of Yam Raaj where he lives. It is on Meru parvat.
Sapanaa
Dreams.
Sapt
Padee see also
Vivaah (Marriage)
Seven steps. According to Hindoo religion a girl takes up seven strides
along with the groom taking seven vow, that is called Sapt Padee. After
this Sapt Padee the bride becomes the wife of the groom. This is the
main ceremony of Hindoo marriage.
Saptarshi
According to Bhaagvat Puraan, there are seven Rishi in every Manvantar (there are 14 Manvantar in one
Kalp). In every Manvantar they are different. These Rishi can be seen as
stars in sky also. Their group of seven stars is called Great Bear and
is near Polar star. They always revolve around the Polar star. This
Manvantar's Saptarshi are - Atri, Vashishth, Kashyap, Gautam, Jamadagni,
Vishwaamitra, and Bharadwaaj.
Saptshatee
A poem of 700 verses. There are several such poems - (1) "Devee Mahaatmya" or
"Durgaa Saptshatee" in Sanskrit language, as part of Maarkandeya Puraan in
praise of Durgaa. The three others are - (2) "Aarya Saptshatee" by
Govardhanaachaarya, (3) "Gaathaa Saptshatee" by Haal, and (4) Satsaee by poet
Bihaaree.
Saralataa
Simplicity.
Saraswatee
Sarg
(1) Creation. The creation is of three types - Saatwik, Raajasik and
Taamasik.
(2) Part. It is normally used in reference to the parts of book. When a
book is divided in 6 parts, each part may be called as one Sarg. Then
Sarg may be divided in several chapters.
Sarg, Pratisarg and Manvantar
Sarovar
see also Kund
A pond filled with water. This can be used for taking bath, or to beautify a
garden by planting flowers in it, especially the lotus flowers.
Sarshap
Mustard seeds.
Sarv
(1) All, or Omni, or Infinite, or Universally
(2) It is a prefix also which also means "all". Some of the words with
this prefix are given here. Normally all is used for Bhagavaan (God),
all these words are used in the context of Bhagavaan -
--Sarv-Shaktimaan - Omnipotent
--Sarv-Vyaapee - Omnipresent
--Sarv-Gyaanee - Omniscient
--Sarv-Sampann - Who has everything
Sat
see also Yug
(1) Real or true - God
is supposed to be "Sat Chit Aanand" - means who is "Absolute Truth", who
is "Pure Intellect" and who is "Pure Joy". (2) Existing. (3) Right. (4) One of the three
attributes - Sat, Raj, Tam. (5) One of the four Yug - Sat, Tretaa, Dwaapar and Kali.
Satee
Sattoo
It is a north Indian poor man's food. Roasted barley flour and roasted
red chickpeas flour are turned into a paste like material by mixing it with
water and sugar. It's effect is cool so people normally eat it in summer
afternoons. But its several other dishes are also popular. It is
abundantly eaten in Bihar state and eastern UP.
Satsang
Satsang means the company of and conversation with devotees of Bhagavaan,
saints, sages, Rishi, Muni etc good people. Normally in this type of
Satsang people listen to or talk about God and related matters.
Satya
Truth. In religious sense, truth is the fact which is spoken considering
one's Dharm, not just any truth. If it harms somebody, it should not be
spoken.
Satya
Naaraayan
Truth-loving God, means Vishnu.
Saubhaagya
(1) Good luck. (2) When some woman's husband is alive she is called
Saubhaagyavatee. So being with husband alive is Saubhaagya for a woman.
Savitra
Savitaa. Name of an independent deity in Rig Ved. He is also called Bhag.
Savitra later became the synonym of Soorya (the Sun). He is considered
one of the sons of Aditi, hence an Aaditya. 11 full hymns have been
devoted to Savitra in Rig Ved. The most important Mantra devoted to him
is Gaayatree Mantra. He was also considered Prajaapati, the creator of
men
Sea
There are 7 seas in Bhoor Lok - Ksheer (milk), Ikshu (sugarcane juice), Kshaar (salty
water), Ghrit (ghee or
clarified butter), Dadhya (buttermilk), and Jal (sweet
water) - these are the seven oceans.
Season
There are six seasons in India, of two months each. Shishir, Vasant,
Greeshm, Varshaa, Sharad, and Hemant.
Seemantonnayan
The ritual of combing the hair of a pregnant woman in her 6th or 8th
month. The hair is parted in the middle. The significance of this
ceremony is unclear. Although it is counted among 13 Sanskar of life,
but it has almost vanished.
Seepee
(1) Shells. (2) Mother of Pearl.
Senses
see Indriyaan
Shaakaahaaree
see also Maansaahaaree
Vegetarian food or person. It includes food made of all kinds of pulses,
beans, vegetables, and fruits. No meat, no chicken, no fish, most times
onion and garlic are also not included. Although people of Vaidik age
used to eat meat, but later on, Vaishnav people (Who worship Vishnu or
His Avataar) traditionally required to be vegetarian, and that is how
this vegetarian food began to be called Vaishnav food.
Shaakhaa
(1) Branch. (2) They are different rescensions (versions) of the
Sanhitaa texts showing slight variations among different families - the
effect of long oral tradition.
Shaakt
see Shakti
Shaakya
(1)
A Bauddh who wears red clothes. Who follows Buddha's teachings, or
Bauddh religion he is called Shaakya. Buddha himself was called
Shaakya Muni. (2) A division of Kshatriya,
not related to Shak people.
Shaal Graam
(1) Vishnu's another
form in black stone. This stone comes from Shaalgraamee River.
(2) Shaal is a name and Graam means village. It is a Teerth place and is often
mentioned in context of doing Tap at that place.
Shaali
Rice
A kind of rice. It is called Agahanee rice also. It is considered sacred and is used in most worship.
Shaalivaahan
Samvat see
Shak Samvat
Shaalmali
Silk cotton tree.
Shaanti
(1) Peace. (2) This word is often used three times after Aum, "Aum
Shaanti, Shaanti, Shaanti" seeking peace at three levels - Aadhibhautik
(in this world), Aadhidaivik (at Devtaa level), and Aadhyaatmik (at
spiritual level). By pronouncing thus a Hindoo asks God to establish
peace.
Shaanti Paath
The famous Shaanti Paath has two versions - one of Yajur Ved (36-17),
and the other one of Atharv Ved (19-9-14). This prayer is to establish
peace in different parts of the Universe and to human beings and nature;
for example when it prays peace in the forest, it hopes that mankind
will preserve the forest and its habitat because this in turn will
preserve the human species. Thus it is an appeal to the human beings to
keep the Universe free of pollution, and disturbance and their minds
calm; and to God to help them do it.
Shaap
Curse.
Shaaradaa
Another name of Saraswatee
Shaastra
Organized knowledge of some subject.
Shabar
A mountain tribe in South India.
Shabd-Vedhee
Shabd means word or sound, and Vedhee means piercing - which pierces the
sound. Normally this word is used in the reference of arrows. In olden
times the skilled archers could hit their target just by hearing their
sound. There were some mistakes in recognizing the sounds but not in
hitting. Raajaa Dasharath killed Shravan Kumaar like this; Paandu killed
Rishi Kindam like this; and in modern history
Prithveeraaj Chauhaan
killed Jayachand by releasing his Shabd-Vedhee arrow.
Shachee
Indra's wife. Known as Inndraanee also.
Shadaanan
Six-faced, means Kaartikeya.
Shadaj
he first note of North Indian music. There are seven notes in North
Indian music - Shadaj, Rishabh, Gandhaar, Madhyam, Pancham, Dhaivat, and
Nishaad.
Shadopachaar Poojaa
Shailesh
Lord of Himaalaya Montain, means Shiv.
Shaiv
There are three sects in Hinduism - Vaishnav, Shaiv and Shaakt. Vaishnav
people worship Bhagavaan Vishnu and His Avataar (Raam, Krishn etc);
Shaiv people worship Bhagavaan Shiv and his sons - Ganesh and Kaartikeya
and his Gan etc; and Shaakt people worship Shakti (power or Devee -
Kaalee, Bhavaanee, Saraswatee etc). Although all kinds of people are
found everywhere in India, still one may find UP state people mostly
Vaishnav; Southern states people mostly Shaiv; and Bengal and Panjaab people mostly Shaakt.
Shaiv
Darshan
Shak
(1) Name of an Indo-Eeraanian tribe. They attacked India and established
their empire what later came to be known as Afgaanistaan, Paakistaan,
and parts of Gujaraat and Madhya Pradesh of India. King Shaalivaahan and
King Vikramaaditya defeated them.
Shak
Samvat
Shak era - which commenced in 78 AD celebrating the defeat of Shak by
Shaalivaahan, that is why it
is called Shaalivaahan Samvat (era) also, but it is more commonly know
as Shak Samvat.
Shakti
Shalabh
(1) Juganoo. (2) Glow worm. (3) Winged insects.
Sham
(1) To be engaged in Bhagavaan's worship. (2) Control on mind. (3)
Calmness. (4) Tranquility. (5) Equanimity. Hindoo scriptures
lay great emphasis on Sham which brings internal peace (Shaanti). Sham
brings the happiness to a person and gives him the ability to face
difficulties and unpleasant events in life. It helps people to conquer
anger and to think of the meaning of the life. It makes a person
charitable towards other human beings.
Shaman
Subduing.
Shamashaan Bhoomi (Ghaat)
Cremation ground where dead bodies are burned.
Shambhu
Bestower of well-being, means Shiv.
Shani
Shani
Amaavasyaa see
Amaavasyaa
Shani Vaar
Saturday, the 7th day of the week.
Shankaa
(1) Suspicion. (2) Doubt.
Shankar
Who confers bliss - means Shiv.
Shankh
Conch shell.
Shanmukh
Six-faced, means Kaartikeya.
Shanno Devee
Name of a Mantra of Rig Ved (10-9-4). This Mantra starts as "Om Shanoo
Devee Rabhishtraye .....
Sharad
(1) Autumn or Fall season
Sharanaagat
Who has come in one's refuge - means refugee.
Shareer
see
Body
Shashaank
Moon. Chandramaa.
Shastra
see also Astra
Weapons which are used taking in hands, are called Shastra, such as sword.
Shatpath
Braahman see also
Braahman
This is a part of Shukla Yajur Ved and is perhaps the most important
Braahman, but most of it, like other Braahman, has lost its importance in
the present-day world.
Shauch
see also Niyam
(1) Cleanliness. Cleanliness is of two types - internal and external. In
internal cleanliness a persons cleans his ideas and mind and in external
cleanliness he cleans his physical body by soap etc.
(2) Not being involved in Karm is also called Shauch.
Sheeshaa
(1) Glass (not tumbler). Kaanch. (2) Mirror.
Shesh
(1) Remainder. (2) Short form of Shesh Naag.
Shesh Naag
A thousand-headed serpent whose coil forms Vishnu's bed. It is also said
that he has balanced this Prithvi on his head.
Sheetaanshu
Another name of Chandramaa.
Shikhaa
A small flock of hair on the crown of head is left untouched when the
hair-cut is done in Dwi-Jaati people. When it becomes long, it is tied in half
knot. Now-a-days it is not in fashion, but many Braahman still keep it and maintain it.
Shikshaa
see also
Ved
(1) Education. (2) Related to Ved phonetics.
Shikhandee
Peacock. Mayoor, Mor.
Shishir
One of the six seasons in India - very cold chilly winter.
Shiv
Shiv Puraan see also
Puraan
One of the principal 18 Puraan.
Shivaa
Power of Shiv personified as Durgaa, his consort.
Shivaanee
Another name of Paarvatee.
Shodash Upachaar
see also Poojaa
Worshipping with 16 types of materials.
Shoodra
The fourth and the lowest Varn. This is the serving race, it serves all
other three Varn. According to
Bhaagvat
Puraan, 11/14, its two main characteristics are -- Serving Braahman,
cow and Devtaa with plain heart; and whatever is earned through that only being satisfied with that.
Shoonyak
see also Praanaayaam
One of the Praanaayaam's four processes - others are
Rechak,
Poorak, and
Kumbhak.
Neither inhaling breath, nor exhaling it is called Shoonyak position.
Shraaddh
Shraddhaa
(1)
There is no single English word for Shraddhaa. Shraddhaa is a mixed
feeling of devotion, faith, satisfaction, and faith with reverence. It
is a Divine quality and is an essential aspect of one's spiritual
practice. Such faith does not rely on the knowledge of scriptures, but
it comes from within. Nobody else can create faith in anything, it has
to be from within. Faith is said to put life in a stone.
(2) Shraaddh (see above)
Shree
(1) Prosperity. (2) Honorific added before the male names, such as
Shree Raam, Shree Krishn. (3) Another name of Lakshmee.
Shree Sookt
A hymn praising goddess Lakshmee.
Shreedhar
Who bears Shree (Lakshmee), means Vishnu..
Shreephal
Bilva fruit.
Shreya
see also Preya
According to Kath Upanishad, Shreya is "what is useful" for a man.
Shruti
Another name of Ved.
Shuddhi
Shuddhi means
cleaning. Shuddhi can be of anything. There are many types of Shuddhi:
taking bath is one type of Shuddhi in which one cleans his body; people
become Shuddh after "Sootak and Paatak" (see below). Not only bodies are
cleaned but materials are also cleaned. For cleaning the materials see
Cleaning
Shukla
Paksh see also
Krishn Paksh
Bright fortnight. According to Indian calendar, A month is divided into two parts - The
first 15 days from the 1st day to 15th day, when Moon decreases, up to
Amaavasyaa (New Moon), is called Krishn Paksh; while the other half,
from 16th day to 30th day, when Moon increases, up to Poornimaa (Full Moon), is called Shukla Paksh.
Shwet Dweep
see
Vishnu's Lok
Shyaam
(1) Dark complexion. (2) Dark complexioned, means Krishn.
Siddh
(1) Siddh men are higher than ordinary people and can do some extraordinary things which an ordinary
man cannot do because of the powers earned through their worship or Tap etc.
(2) To make something Siddh, means to attain the power of that thing. It
may be any Mantra, or any Devtaa. When that Mantra or Devtaa is Siddh to
somebody, he can do something extraordinary by using that Mantra or
Devtaa. This is also done by special worship, or Jaap of any Mantra etc.
Siddhaant Kaumudee
A book written by Bhattojee Deekshit, containing the simplified form of
Paanini's Sanskrit grammar. This book is very popular and is most used
by students of Sanskrit language. It has been abridged as "Laghu
Siddhaant Kaumudee" by Varadraaj.
Siddhaant Shiromani
A book of theorems of mathematics and astronomy by Bhaaskaraachaarya
(1100-1170 AD). In this book, one chapter is on Algebra. The Arabs came
to India to learn mathematics and the Europeans learnt mathematics from
Arabs. For a long time Westerners considered the Arabs to be the
originators of Algebra. It also contains the seeds of the theory of
Calculus
Siddhi
Signs
see Zodiac Signs
Sin
see Paap
Sindoor
Red vermillion. Indian married women use it in worship, to apply Teekaa
on their forehead and to apply in the parting line of their hair as
marks of being married.
Siyaar Singee
Skand Puraan see
also which means O whose head
Chandra (Moon) sits.
One of the 18 principal Puraan.
Smaart Karm
Yagya, etc Karm. (Geetaa, 9/16)
Smriti
Another name of Dharm Shaastra. The part of scripture which is
"remembered" as against "Shruti" which is heard or revealed. The term is
applied to the works that deal with law and code of ethics. There are
about 20 Smritis in existence written between 300 BC and 1200 AD. The
most famous of them are "Manu Smriti" and "Yaagyavalkya Smriti". They
contain instructions on character, conduct, charity, inheritance,
business, Government, religion.
Snaan
Snake
see Naag
Soil
Soil is of four colors - white, yellow, red and black. Among them Gopee
Chandan, Haritaal, Geroo etc are used in worship.
Som
(1) Divinity in Rig Ved. The entire 9th Mandal is devoted to the prayers
offered to Som. (2) The Moon. (3) A plant whose juice is
intoxicated. Devtaa drink it - "Som Ras". (4) Somvaar -
2nd day of the week - Monday.
Som Ras
see Som
Somvaar
see Som
Somvatee Amaavasya see
Amaavasyaa
Sonnet
A sonnet is a 14-line poem in iambic pentameter with a carefully rhyme
scheme. Other strict, short poetic forms occur in English poetry, such
as Sestina, the Villanelle, the Haiku, but none has been used so
successfully as the Sonnet. The Italian Sonnet was introduced in the
early 16th century. Its 14 lines break in Octave which usually rhymes as
abbaabba, sometimes abbacddc, but rarely abababab; and a Sestet which
may rhyme as xyzxyz or xyxyxy, or any of the multiple variations possible
using only two or three rhyme sounds. The English or Shakespearean
Sonnet, developed during the same period, consists of three quatrains,
and a couplet with the pattern - abab cdcd efef gg.
Sookhaa
Drought.
Sookshm Shareer see also
Body
Subtle or Astral body.
Sookt
see also
Ved, Rig, Bhoomi Sookt
or Prithvi Sookt,
Purush Sookt, Rudra Sookt,
Shree
Sookt
A Sookt is a hymn addressed to a Vaidik Deity. A Vaidik hymn consisting
of many verses which are called Mantras on various occasions like
sacrifice, worship and so on. Rig Ved is constituted of 10 Mandals, and
the Mandals are constituted of several Sookts. In the Ved, elements of
nature, like stone, tree, morning etc were also called Deities. Rig Ved Sookt
[Bhavishya
Puraan, 3/22] - Braahman pleased Soorya with Rig Ved Sookt).
Soorya
Soot
In its English translation a Soot may be called a "bard" or "chronicler". Soots have
infinite capacity to remember and recite long poems or stories. They
could hand down the literature from generation to generation, and for
the same reason they had a special position in the society. They were
employed by the kings to preserve culture. It is though them that the
great epic stories were preserved for hundreds of years. With the
creation of writing facility, their importance has declined. They took
the positions of chariot drivers and so the word became synonym to
chariot driver.
Who
is Soot?
Agni Puraan, 13
says, When a child is born to a Kshatrya Varn boy and a Braahman Varn girl, he is
called a Soot. In olden days Soot had only one job, and that was to
serve kings by working in their stables. There are four Soot well known in Hindoo religious
scriptures - (1) King Shaantanu's Saarathee Adhirath who brought up Karn
as his own son was a Soot; (2) King Dhritraashtra's Saarathee Sanjaya who told the
account of Mahaabhaarat war to blind Dhritraashtra was a Soot; (3) Vyaas Jee's
disciple Romharshan - he is not known by his name but only by "Soot
Jee", he was killed by Balaraam while he was on his pilgrimage; and (4) Ugrashravaa - Romharshan's son who
is also known as Soot
Jee - he is also not known by his
personal name. He has told many stories to many Saadhu and kings.
Sootak and Paatak
Sootra
see also Darshan
(1) Thread. (2) Mathematical or chemical formula. (3)
Aphorism or a book of instructions in the style of aphorism.
A condensed work which carries meaning of immeasurable strength without mistake or fault.
Numerous Hindoo religious and secular books subsidiary to main Ved
Sanhitaa were written in Sootra style. One set of such books is called
Kalp Sootra. Kalp Sootra can be divided in four types - Shraut Sootra,
Shulva Sootra, Grihya Sootra, and Dharm Sootra. The first two have
ceased to be of any significant value. Grihya Sootra describes procedure
for Sanskaar (sacraments) throughout the life of a person - see
Sanskaar. The other one, Dharm Sootra,
prescribes the law and rules of social and moral behavior and include
some 20+ works. Besides Kalp Sootra, the other famous Sootra style
compositions are Baadaraayan's "Vedaant Sootra" (also called "Brahm
Sootra") and Paanini's "Ashtaadhyaayee".
Sootra were composed in prose.
The reason
for this style of composition was that in the absence of printing
facilities, everything was to be memorized and therefore was needed to
be condensed in as few words as possible. Sometimes this condensation
made it difficult for a reader to understand what the author really
meant. Baadaraayan's Vedaant Sootra is a typical example of this
difficulty.
[Aangiras, p 396-397]
Sootraatmaa
Sootra+Aatmaa. Soul. The form of
Aatmaa when it is attached to body. Thus the Aatmaa remains as Aatmaa
until he takes up a body in this world. As soon as he takes up the body
in the world, he is called Jeev. Jeev is the part of Paramaatmaa that lives in
all living beings. He is called
Jeev
or
Mahat Tattwa also.
Sorrows
see also Taap
There are three types of sorrows - Adhi-Bhautik (related to body, like
diseases), Adhi-Daivik (given by Devtaa like famine, flood, earthquake etc), Adhyaatmik (natural, such as at
the time of birth or death). Adhi-BHautik sorrows can be relieved by
taking medicine etc; Adhi-Daivik sorrows can not be cured; and
Adhyaatmik sorrows can be removed only by knowledge.
Soul
[Bhaagvat Puraan, 7/3], tells 12 characteristics of soul - immortal,
clean, One, Kshetragya, Aashraya (resting place), Nir-Vikaar (without
any impurities - pure), self-illuminated, cause of everything, vast, alone, and uncovered.
Sphatik
Quartz
Spices
Masaalaa. See the list of most used spices.
Sprihaa
Desire.
Srishti
Creation.
Steya
(1) To steal. (2) To rob. In this way "A-Steya" means "not stealing" or
"not robbing".
Sthaavar
see also Creation
Who cannot move. Immovable. Trees, mountains, etc are Sthaavar.
Sthitpragya
This is a Geetaa term. It means to treat life and death, fame and defame,
profit and loss, all alike. Who is Sthitpragya who treats all situations
of life without any happiness and sorrow.
Sthool
Shareer see also
Body
Physical body. Five Gyaan Indriyaan, five Karm Indriyaan, five Bhoot,
five subjects of Indriyaan, Buddhi, Ahankaar and mind - these 23 Tattwa
(elements) jointly are called the body. This body, because of being born
from Prakriti, is the function of the Prakriti, that is why the three
Gun are called the cause of its origin.
Stotra
Stree
Woman. Female.
Subramanya
Very kind. Another name of Kaartikeya.
Sudarshan
Chakra
The Divine disc in Vishnu's hand.
Sudharmaa
Sudharmaa was the Divine court which Krishn specially got from Brahmaa
Jee for Raajaa Ugrasen - Kans' father. It had some specialties. Whoever
sat in that court, he did not feel any hunger, thirst, sorrow, Moh, old age and death there.
Suhaagin
A woman who is married and whose husband is alive is called Suhaagin.
These women are normally invited on most auspicious occasions.
Sukhsaagar
Name of a book.
Sumeru
(1) Sumeru Mountain made of gold. (2) There are 108 beads in
Hindoo rosaries. But there is an extra bead which is up above all of
them, that is called Meru or Sumeru bead. When one has finished counting
108 beads, he should not cross that Sumeru bead, rather turn the rosary
again to count the beads. It is an essential part of the rosary. It
shows the end of the 108 bead counting.
Sun
see Soorya
Surabhi
Divine cow who came out from the sea at the time of Saagar Manthan.
Swaahaa
Swadhaa
(1) Food offered to Pitar (ancestors). Shraaddh. (2) Wife of Pitar.
Swapna
see Sapanaa
Dream
Swar
Notes. In Indian music there are seven Swar (notes) - Shadaj, Rishabh,
Gaandhaar, Madhyam, Pancham, Dhaivat, and Nishaad - all these Swar are
said to be Brahm Roop because of being Brahm Vyanjak.
Bhaagvat
Puraan 3/12 says that these Swar appeared from his play.
Swarg
Heaven.
Swaroop
Form.
Swasth
(1) Healthy.
(2) Swa means self, Sth means to establish. Thus Swasth means to
establish in self. In the same way "Yogasth" (established in Yog), Dhyaanasth"
(established in Dhyaan or meditation) words are.
Swayambhoo
Self-existing, means God.
Swayamvar
Swedaj
There are four types of Creation taking birth in this world, which are created according to one's Karm
(actions) - (1) Udbhij - which are born by bursting out the Earth, such
as trees and mountains, (2) Swedaj - which are born by sweat, such as bedbug
etc, (3) Andaj - which are born from eggs, such as chickens, crocodiles, birds etc, and
(4) Jaraayuj - which are born with Naal attached to them, such as human
beings, calves, goats etc.
Syamantak
Mani
Name of a Mani (gem) which Satraajit got from Soorya Dev. He later gave
it to Krishn. The legend has it that it is the same Mani which was later
known as Kohinoor Heeraa.