Quantum Theory of Gravity - "QTG"
Author: Rolf Arturo Blankschein Guthmann E-Mail: rolfguthmann@uol.com.br
Porto Alegre, May / 2002
Abstract
This work challenges current science’s conservative thinking and resistance to new ideas and seeks to establish a new frontier for physics, demonstrating the cause of gravity and its relation to time. This involves the introduction of a new concept of time, which underpins and gives coherence to the discussion of gravity, and which is the principal tool that will enable us to unify the Theory of Relativity and Quantum Mechanics.
This new physical interpretation uses elegant, simple, creative mathematics and is based entirely on established physical theories, without the need to appeal to mysterious effects or ghost particles such as phonons or gravitons. Through a new understanding of the operation of gravity and time, the theory offers natural solutions for a number of problems, such as dark matter, lifters and superconductors
Our initial postulate was that gravity is the result of the relative difference between the Coulomb force and the centripetal force within atoms, caused by the centrifugal inertia of the electron cloud, as established by the principles of relativity. This difference is a relative force that does not possess mass: after all the electrical charges are neutralized, we have a residual force representing an acceleration from the reference point of the nucleus.
As the work proceeds, it will become clear that the subtle connection that brings together the Theory of Relativity and Quantum Mechanics depends on an understanding of how atoms generate gravity and time. Many issues not previously understood, or at best poorly explained, find a satisfactory solution in this theory.
In certain ways, the ideas described here are in accordance with the Uncertainty Principle, which forms the basis of Quantum Mechanics. Quantum Mechanics is a mathematical formalism developed on the basis of experimentation and observation, allowing the behavior of subatomic particles to be interpreted and analyzed with a high level of precision. Many great physicists nonetheless believe that there the theory must be fundamentally flawed.
The QTG does not seek to question the validity of Quantum Mechanics (QM), but rather to attack its philosophical bases. Most theoretical physicists defend the “Copenhagen Interpretation”, with its essentially probabilistic indeterminism. The introduction of the temporal uncertainty principle aims to address physical reality at a deeper level, to confront the merely statistical interpretations of QM and to demonstrate that the hidden variables are, in fact, only undefined in time, between a near past and a near future.
We know that the great difficulty in unifying the General Theory of Relativity (GR) with QM lies in the different ways in which the theories deal with the flow of time. In QM, it has two directions, moving towards the past and towards the future, whereas in GR, depending on the location, it may not flow at all, or may flow forward at different rates depending on the point of reference. The QTG shows that time has these two characteristics simultaneously. We, and basically all of the macro-structures, can be identified with a principal time reference that obeys the principles of GR, while the micro-structures have their own time that oscillates around this local time reference, this being the time of QM.
The approach taken in the initial development of the QTG in Chapter 3, using the old quantum theory, was motivated in part by the abstract language of quantum mechanics and, especially, by the need to visualize the process, which would otherwise be impossible. We know that the old quantum theory, using much simpler mechanical processes, is able to yield numerically correct results for the hydrogen atom, allowing for a more accessible physical interpretation.
We should imagine the QTG as a jigsaw puzzle, where each chapter gives one of the pieces. In chapter 3, for example, we saw the concept of the direction of time: “One of the properties of atoms, therefore, is that time passes more slowly in the electron cloud, polarizing the time of the nucleus towards the future and thus establishing a direction for time”. In order to assimilate the full power of this new theory, the reader merely needs to put together the pieces of the puzzle.
A certain degree of repetition is inevitable in the interests of clarity, although perhaps at the cost of greater elegance. In order to better illustrate the quantities involved and their small differences, equations have been used wherever possible and/or necessary.
I am presenting this new quantum theory of the gravity, but I wish first to advise that it is not a matter of quick, easy comprehension. Gravity-time is a complex subject, a sophisticated and very abstract jigsaw puzzle, falling beyond our familiar material world, and these new ideas can only be assimilated over time. Even though some passages of the theory may appear ingenuous at first sight, they are there for a good reason: the simple mathematics aims to show that it is possible to understand gravity as the residual of a nuclear force. The parts cannot be analyzed in isolation, but must be understood as a whole in order to visualize the true meaning of the theory. This highly philosophical set of ideas also aims to place intuition above mathematical hegemony in physics.
In order to assimilate the ideas set out here, it is essential to patiently follow them in their logical sequence. To meet the challenge of understanding the workings of time, I suggest that the reader will require patience, good concentration and a reasonable capacity for abstraction. In the treatment that follows, we will see that these new concepts can be shown to be consistent with our physical reality.
Despite attempts using the entire arsenal of contemporary science, no one has been able to refute this theory. Among those who have intuitively grasped it in all its breadth, this alternative theory of gravity has found great acceptance.
Rolf Guthmann
Next Chapter: 2 - What is Gravity?