From the Ancient Past: The Latte Stones of Guam


Latte Park The Latte Stone are stone pillars of ancient houses notable for their two-piece construction; the supporting column (halagi) topped with a capstone (tasa). The latte is the signature of the Marianas Islands {Guam, Rota, Saipan, Tinian, Pagan} in that their massive size are found primarily in the Marianas {although there are evidence of ancient stone reliefs of lattes in Java}. The Haligi was made from coral limestone and usually carried several miles from the quary site for installation in the appropriate location. The tasa was made from natural, hemispherical coral heads collected from the reef. Very large capstones as those found in Luta {an island 70 miles north of Guam} are mined instead.

In Latte Park, eight of these stones are displayed. These latte stones were transferred to their present location in hagåtña or Agana from Me'pu, their original location in Guam's southern interior. Customarily, bones of the ancients, their possessions as jewelry or canoes were buried below the stones. Melanie Ryan, Univ of La Trobe, Melbourne, Australia wrote that burial patterning beneath latte sites suggests that kinship or family membership, not age nor social status is the only criterion for internment. Latte stones in their original sites A LATTE site is also where a human interloper might encounter the ancestral spirits of the Mannamoros (those who are Chamorros) called TAOTAOMONAS.

These latte stone monoliths were found in their untouched condition at Urunao beach at northern Guam. Adjacent to the site are deep pits or wells dug below the water table to supply the ancient villages with fresh water. Latte stones are respected and are untouched. Although Chamorros have occupied the Marianas archipelago for over 3000 years, latte stones only originate as early as 1100A.D. {Graves 1986:141}. Ancient stories as the legend of camel rock and interpretation of the starcave calendar of Ritidian caves alludes to an invasion of Guam by a another race of star navigators which may have started the Latte sites approximately AD 1000. It is possible that some customs as "BETELNUT CHEWING" predate the emergence of the stones.

Archaeological milestones of Ancient Guam based on carbon dating revolves around these eras: Transitional Pre-Latte (AD 1 to AD 1000), the larger Latte Period (AD 1000 to AD 1521), and Early Historic Period (AD 1521 to 1700).

Spanish missionaries recounted that Ancient Chamorro nobility were called the 'Matua' who lived on the shorelines and the alleged lower caste were called Mana'chang who lived in the island interior. A third caste of medicine or spirit peoples were the manmakahnas. Spanish journals recount a Manachang chief of Sinajana named Hineti who protected the Hagåtña Spanish garrison from annihilation on July 1684 from a prolonged assault from the Matuas. Missionary accounts describe the Mana'chang as being smaller, and weaker than the other Chamorus. Ironically, the Spanish whom Hineti protected eventually killed off most of Hineti's people. Ancient Water Reservior Lost Pond Guam was settled by two waves of ancient seafaring peoples which arrived at two separate time periods: The pre-latte era and Latte Stone era. The two castes matua and Mana'chang which the Spanish thought to have existed may have been their way to understand or explain the two races which co-existed prior to the Spanish-Chamorru Conflict.

The photo above is an example of a fresh water reservior used by the ancients is 'lost pond' at Tanguisson Beach Northern Guam. It is a favorite fishing hole for many Guamanian youngsters. Near it are many latte sites.