is 154, (110+44), a sacred number in at least three old world cultures as well as Asia. That being, 154/22=7, 22/7=3.1428571 (pi), 44/7=6.28571 (2pi), and 66/7=9.428571 (3pi).   Another number expressed is 176, (110+66).   As we have seen, this number indicated the length of each solstice, in number of tides. Another area we find these measurements are in mortuary sites.

Mortuary sites can be difficult to measure.  As time passes the overburden has a tendency to shift and flora creates displacement by their growing root mass. Indications are that the sites used for mortuary rites were well selected and that the positioning of the remains was critical if not selective.  The sites themselves could be categorized by their development of architecture.   Some sites were designed with the mathematical measure as the important factor, other the cosmologic position and thirdly, those that appear to be a combination of geometric and cosmologic design.   Most site though show an awareness of basic mathematic skills and some are extremely well structured mathemetically. In (Fig.19), this structure indicates a number of basic formulae built into its plan.

Fig.18 Note the number of points represented in the motif of stars and sun.

There appears a reference to a form of Pythagorean formula, where a squared plus b squared = c squared, and each length of a side of a square is directly proportional to the diagonal of the preceding square.   In this figure there is seen a plan diagram of a series five, type of mound, a structure which was pyramidal in design.   The three squares appear random in size, however, the square M is related to square L where, "A"  squared / 2 =&"C" squared.  The diameter of Y (the cairn) is equal to the diagonal of the implied square N, which is related to L as L is to M.   The square X, does not seem to be related to L,M,or N, yet the diagonal of X, the distance between 1 and 2, is equal to 3pi the diameter of Y, the cairn.

Fig.19  Plane drawing of Marpole "pyramid" by Harlan Smith, "Cairns of British Columbia and Washington".  Note how the number 3 is repeated.

This formula works with any number so as to become evident that the builder intended the design to be more significant than the measure.  Another mound,(Fig.20) a series four structure, shown in plan view, diagrams the multi-level design of the covering material.   This multi-level design is similar to the item shown in (Fig.21), where in (Fig.20) the white layer of small stones represents the stars and the layer of charcoal, the darkness of space.   It was if the interned were positioned to see the night sky, even in death.  In this structure the diameter of the footing is equal to the diameter of the cairn X pi.   In Cairns of British Columbia and Washington, there are a number of sites recorded that also seem to fit these mathematical formulae.  There is described a mound where the cairn was 4 feet square, with two surrounding circular footings, one measured approximately 18 feet, the other approximately 24 feet in diameter.  The diagonal of the cairn X pi or 22/7 is equal to the diameter of the smaller circle.  There are many examples of this design described in Cairns of British Columbia and Washington.

There is little question of the cosmic and mythological connection employed by the first people.  There is an implicit duality pervading all levels of their lives.  The sun and the moon directed the course of their lives and they incorporated these images into their mythology and legends. Concepts like summer and winter, good and evil, earth and cosmos, male and female were not only bestowed upon animate and

Top, Fig 20, cutaway of a series four structure showing the multi-layering used by the first people, Below, Fig 21, Canaanite view of the world in the cosmos.

inanimate objects, but applied to ceremonial activities in an intricate web of design and imagery. But were the first people of the Pacific Northwest capable of imparting extrordinary and complicated mathematical formula to their existence?  If they did, how were these concepts developed or obtained?   The employment of these skills were used before Europeans or Asians arrived in the

coastal region and many of them had disappeared by the time the first explorers arrived.   Most first people have little awareness of the neolithic cultures who came before them or their practices.  Much of this neolithic knowlege has been lost or corrupted from the time of first contact.   Most important though, is to look beyond the mythological fantasy and envision a people who not just existed, but developed and blossumed into a flourishing culture no different than any other found in the world.