KINGDOM: ________________________________
PHYLUM: ________________________________ also known as ____________________________
CLASSES: 1. ______________________ 2. _______________________ 3. ______________________
EVOLVED FROM: _______________________________
1. Entirely ________________, some in freshwater but mostly ______________.
2. _________________ symmetry or ________________ symmetry with oral & aboral ends; no __________.
3. Two forms: attached _____________ (upright & cylindrical – pipe-shaped) or free __________________ (umbrella-shaped).
4. Exoskeleton of _______________ or ____________.
5. Body with 2 layers: _____________________ & _____________________ with mesoglea between.
6. Gastrovascular cavity (coelenteron) with a _____________ opening that serves as mouth & anus. Extensible __________encircling the mouth or oral region. Digest food _________________________ in the digestive tract.
7. Special stinging cells called ____________________(harpoon-like) on tentacles. Once these are used they
can’t be used again.
8. _________ net present as primitive nervous system. If you touch one part of a cnidarian, the entire organism
contracts. The ________________ is responsible for movement.
9. Reproduction by __________ budding in polyps or ____________ reproduction by gametes in medusae.
Sexual forms monoecious or dioecious. Larvae are called _____________________.
10. No ____________ or ______________ system.
11. No _______________ cavity.
12. Cnidarians live alone or in ___________________.
CLASS HYDRAZOA – ____________ is the dominant stage. Best example - ______________. These organisms attach to debris with a ________________. They move by floating, gliding, or somersaulting. Nematocysts have the ability to _______________, ______________, _____________________, and ___________________. Most primitive cnidarians. Spend part of their lives as medusae & part as polyps. Marine hydrazoans typically live in colonies (Portuguese man-of-war).
CLASS SCYPHOZOA – “Cup Animals” ___________ is the dominant stage. Best example - ____________. Some jellyfish can grow to the size of a large mattress, while others can be the size of a thumbnail and cause death within minutes.
CLASS ANTHOZOA – “Flower Animals” _____________ organisms – ALL polyps. Typically have a stalklike body topped by a crown of tentacles. Best examples -_______________________________________. ___________ are solitary & feed on fish & crabs. ___________ have skeletons and live in _____________. Soft corals have internal skeletons. Most corals have ____________ dinoflagellates which give them their characteristic __________. There are 3 types of coral reefs: 1. Fringing reefs formed by ____________________________________________________,
2. Barrier Reefs formed by __________________________________________, and 3. Atolls formed by ________________________________________________.
BIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE: Coral reefs are underwater _______________ deposits which are left behind by __________________. Some of the members of the reef are still alive. Coral reefs tend to protect islands. The __________________ between the 2 tends to be rich in sea life.