KINGDOM PROTISTA All protists are _____________________.  Most are ______________, but some are _________________________.  Some are ________________, others are ___________, & some can switch back & forth.  Protists were the first organisms to develop ______________________________ & _____________________________.  Most protists live in __________ environments. REPRODUCTION IN UNICELLULAR PROTISTS sexual & asexual reproduction occur – sexual reproduction occurs using ____________ (opposite mating types fuse) while asexual reproduction occurs using _____________ (zoospores form) SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN MULTICELLULAR PROTISTS 1.  _______________________ - 2 filaments align, a cytoplasmic bridge forms, & the contents of 1 cell pass into the other cell (forms a diploid nucleus) – the zygote breaks off from the parent & becomes a resting spore until conditions are favorable 2.  ______________________ - flagellated sperm swim to the egg & fuse – forms a resting spore (diploid) until conditions are favorable 3.  _______________________ - 2 phases – 1.  haploid gametophyte generation & 2.  diploid sporophyte generation –the organism reproduces sexually, then asexually, then sexually, then asexually, etc.  -  see p. 483. ___________________ are ___________ (2n) cells  - have complete set of chromosomes (divide by meiosis) ___________________ are ____________ (n) cells – have ½ of the chromosomes (divide by mitosis) Sexual reproduction usually occurs when conditions are harsh. There are 3 groups of protists:  plantlike protists called ____________, animal-like protists called ________________, & fungus-like protists called ___________________. ALGAE Algae are ____________________.  They are responsible for producing ________ of the world’s oxygen.  They vary greatly in size from _____________ to rubbery kelps.  They serve as the basis for most _________________ food chains. Algae are classified according to ______________.  There are 5 major groups of algae. 1.  ______________________ - Chrysophyta/Bacillariophyta – 12000 species – most of these are ______ - the most common examples are the ______________ - these are small organisms made of ___________ that resemble glass-like boxes with lids & are used to make __________________________. 2.  ______________________ - Pyrrophyta/Dinoflagellata – 1100 species – responsible for __________ (this can paralyze/kill fish & other organisms) - these also exhibit _____________________ - they give off light – have 2 flagella 3.  _______________________ - Chlorophyta – 7000 species – thought to be ancestors of _____________________ - common examples are ____________________________ 4.  _______________________ - Phaeophyta – 1500 species – also known as _________ - many of these have ___________________ - to help with flotation – common examples are ____________________________________________________ 5.  _______________________ - Rhodophyta – 4000 species – can live at _____________________ ( absorb green, violet, & blue light) - these can be used to make ____________________________