CLASS:  ________________________
ORDERS:  1._______________________ 2.  ________________________
3.  ___________________

1.  First vertebrates to move to _____________.  Freshwater or ___________________.

2.  ____________ present in tadpole stage, ______________ present in some adults or _____________________.

3.  Skin is __________, ___________________, & _____________ & is used for __________________.

4.  ________________ feet.  Toes are soft & lack ___________________.  ___________ skeleton.

5.  Larval form (tadpoles) are ___________________ while adults are _______________________.

6.  Larval form has a ______ chambered heart.  Adults have a _______ chambered heart.  Amphibians are ______________. Their body temperature varies with the environmental temperature.

7.  ____________________ fertilization.  Numerous eggs laid in watery environments.

8.  ____________________________ occurs during development. ( limbs develop, tail disappears, gills are replaced by lungs).

9.  ___________________ during winter.

10.  ______________ large with small teeth in upper jaws (vomerine teeth).  Two _______________ open into oral cavity.

11.  _____________ present – exit for digestive & reproductive systems.

ORDER APODA – caecilians – body ____________ no limbs or girdles
ORDER URODELA – salamanders & newts – 2 pairs of ________ limbs
ORDER ANURA – frogs & toads – head & trunk fused – 2 pairs of ______________ limbs


CLASS:  _________________
ORDERS:  1.  _________________________ 2.  ________________________
3.  ______________________         4.  ________________________

1.  _________________ or semiaquatic.

2.  Body covered with ______________ - prevents loss of moisture.  Skin shed through _______________.

3.  Limbs, if present, with _________ on toes for climbing, digging, & moving on land. ______________ appendages.

4.  Well-developed _____________.

5.  Partial division of the heart _____________.

6.  Ectothermic.

7.  ______________________ eggs with a leathery, protective shell – allows reproduction without a dependence on water.
      Layers of egg include :   ______________ - surrounds the embryo – filled with fluid
                                        ______________ - forms a container for stored food called the yolk
                                        ______________ - stores nitrogen wastes
                                        ______________ - lines the eggshell; responsible with the allantois for respiration
___________________ fertilization.

8.  _________ skeleton.

9.  Respiration by ____________.

10.  _________________ present – removal of wastes & eggs. 

ORDER CHELONIA – _____________________________ - body encased in a shell – dorsal _____________ joined with the ventral flattened ________________ - shell fused with ribs & thoracic vertebrae – jaws with _________________ - no teeth – oviparous

ORDER RHYNCHOCEPHALIA –“snout head” - __________________ - primitive lizard-like species – New Zealand – row of short spines on the back – median pineal ______ - practically extinct

ORDER SQUAMATA  - ___________________ - body covered with plates – scales on belly in ___________ pattern in lizards, in _________________________ in snakes – pelvic girdle present in pythons - ______________ bone movable in both lizards & snakes

ORDER CROCODILIA - ___________________________________ - bony plates in the skin - ____ digits on forelimbs, ____ on hindlimbs – strong __________ for swimming - _______ chambered heart