Quatrains of Nostradamus

Nostradamus completed a total of 942 quatrains which he organized into Centuries - groups of 100 quatrains (one Century only had 42 quatrains). A quatrain is simply a poem with 4 lines.

The rhymed quatrains of Nostradamus were written mainly in French with a bit of Italian, Greek, and Latin thrown in. He intentionally obscured the quatrains through the use of symbolism and metaphor, as well as by making changes to proper names by swapping, adding or removing letters. The obscuration is claimed to have been done to avoid his being tried as a magician.





Quatrains linked to 1999



The year 1999 seven month,
From the sky will come a great King of terror: 
To bring back to life the great King of Angolmois, (the Mongols),
Before after Mars to reign by good luck  
(Century X, Quatrain 72)

Other Interpretations of his Quatrains
Gore Adachi Web Site John Hogue:
Nostradamus' most famous doomsday prediction warns future generations of a King of Terror descending from the skies in July 1999. This holy terror could be linked to the Third Antichrist who may be the fearsome Mabus of C2 Q62 or the North African Terrorist from C2 Q30 who is from the land of the infernal Hannibal's God. "Baal" was also called "Hammon," a name that can mean "Lord of the Sky."
Many interpreters have tried to understand the prophetic significance of Nostradamus bringing back to life the Roi 'Angolmois (the great King of the Mongols) by the last July of this millennium. Genghis Khan united the Mongolians of the Central Asian steppes into an all-conquering army that forged the largest land empire in history. The vast Islamic western wing of his empire included modern-day Iraq, Iran, Pakistan, and the Central Asian republics of the former Soviet Union.
Genghis Khan was one of history's greatest kings of terror. Tens of millions died in the bloody conquests initiated by the warlord and his successors, and his record of devastation and genocide is appalling. According to the prophet, Genghis Khan and his empire are now returning: the warlord has been brought back to life. In 1990 in a major propaganda campaign, the leaders of the People's Republic of China restored Genghis Khan to his "rightful" place in Chinese history.
The final line makes a cryptic reference to Mars. A consideration of the occult meaning of this planet which, in conventional wisdom, represents the God of war and mayhem, opens up the possibility of a positive outcome in the future. The phrase "before and after Mars rules happily" can be interpreted to mean that the higher aspect of Mars, as the God of magic and spiritual transformation, "rules happily" in the new millennium.
Eric Cheetham:
In this gloomy prediction of the coming of the Third Antichrist in July 1999, Nostradamus seems to foresee the coming of the Millennium. He was greatly influenced towards this opinion by contemporary thought. This quatrain indicates that it will be preceded by the coming of the Third Antichrist from the East, "the king of the Mongols," before the Final Coming of the Great King of Terror. It is interesting to note that Nostradamus foresees war both before and after his coming. He, therefore, does not envisage an instant End of the World.

Does this reference the destruction of New York City? By War? Earth Changes?
At forty-five degrees, the sky will burn, Fire approaches the great new city, Immediately a huge, scattered flame leaps up When they want to have verification from the Norman (Century VI, Quatrain 97) In this phrase, Nostradamus refers to a great city in the new world of America near forty-five degrees latitude. Experts agree this could only be New York.
The king will want to enter the new city, Through its enemies they will come to subdue it Captives liberated to speak and act falsely, King to be outside, he will keep far from the enemy. Garden of the world near the new city, In the path of the hollow mountains, It will be seized and plunged into the Vat, Drinking by force the waters poisoned by sulfur. (Century X , Quatrain 49) By fire he will destroy their city, A cold and cruel heart, Blood will pour, Mercy to none. Earth-shaking fire from the center of the earth. will cause the towers around the New City to shake, Two great rocks for a long time will make war, And then Arethusa will color a new river red. (Century 1, Quatrain 87)

Notes on the Quatrains
Century 10, Q 72 L'an mil neuf cens nonante neuf sept mois, Du ciel viendra vn grand Roy d'effrayeur: le grand Roy d'Angolmois, Auant apres Mars regner par bon-heur. In the year 1999 and seven months The Great King of Terror will come from the sky, He will bring back to life the great king of the Mongols (Ghengis Khan?) Before and after the God of war reigns happily. V.70 The Eastern kings shall carry out the Divine Justice. Turkey shall be devastated. Les regions suvjettes a la Balance Feront trembler les monts par grande guerre Captif tout sexe deu et toute Bizance Qu'on criera a l'aube terre a terre NOTE: Suvjettes: subjected; Balance: (fig.) Divine Justice, the army of Divine Justice or Muslims; Bizance: Turkey; on: one; aube: dawn. The regions subjected to Muslim armies Shall cause mountains trembling with great war Prisoners of both sexes and throughout Turkey One shall cry at dawn from land to land COMMENT: The Eastern kings shall carry out the Divine Chastisements to punish the Great Harlot or Western countries at an appointed time (The Book of Revelation). The brutality of Muslims on both men and women. V.25 The full-scaled invasion from the sea. Le prince Arabe, Mars, Sol, Venus, Lyon Regne d'Eglise par mer succombera Devers la Perse bien pres d'un million Bisance, Egypte, ver. serp. invadera NOTE: Succombera (succomber): to succumb, to be defeated; devers: toward; Perse: Persia or ancient Iran; bien pres de: very close to; ver. serp.: versus serpens (latin) means the returning serpent, the Devil One. Muslims, wars, the Day of the Lord, the Harlot, the Lioness Beast The reign of the Church from the sea shall be succumbed Toward Iran one shall see nearly one million troops Turkey, Egypt, evils shall invade COMMENT: The invasion shall occur on Mediterranean shores. II.4 Muslims shall brutalize the Italian coast. Depuis Monach jusqu'au pres de Sicile Toute la plague demourra desolee Il n'y aura faux-bourgs, cite, ne ville Que par Barbares, pille soit et volee NOTE: Depuis: from; Monach: Monaco; jusqu'au pres: as far as; plague: beach, shore; demourra: demolished; desolee: desolated; il: there; il n'y aura: there shall not be..; faux-bourg: false market town or suburb; ville: village; barbare: barbarian or Muslims; pille (piller): to loot, to ransake; vole (voler): undone. From Monaco as far as Sicily All the coast demolished and desolate There shall not be any more suburb, city, nor village That the Muslim invaders shall leave undone COMMENT: The Muslims shall attack and destroy the Italian coasts and Rome in the most brutal fashion. V.26 Russian troop shall advance over high mountains. La gent esclave par un heur martiel Viendra en haut degre tant esleve Changeront prince, naistra un provincial Passer la mer, copie aux monts leve NOTE: Gent: (latin = gens) race, population; esclave: ancient Russian; heur: good fortune; martiel: martial, military; haut: high; degre: degree; tant: so, so much; escleve: elevated; changeront (changer): to chage; naistra (naistre): to be born; mer: sea; copie: (latin = copia) army, troop; levee: raised, high; mont: mountain. The Russians through an military good fortune Shall be elevated to a high degree Shall change their prince, one born in a province Shall pass sea, troop shall climb over high mountains COMMENT: Russia's leadership shall belong to an outsider who shall appeal to the common population. Russian troops shall attack Western Europe or more specifically Italy via two routes: from the south near the Black Sea and from the north by crossing the Alps. IV.82 Through Russian hands, the old Destroyer shall destroy Romanie. Amas s'approche venant d'Esclavonie L'Olestant vieux cite ruinera Fort desolee vera sa Romainie Puis la grand flamme estaindre ne scaura NOTE: Amas: mass, accumulation; venant: coming; Esclavonie: Russia; Olestant: (Greek) destroyer, Abbadon mentioned in the Book of Revelation; vieux: old; ruiner: to ruin; cite: city, Vatican City; fort: hard, violently; desolee: desolate; puis: then, afterwards; estaindre (eteindre): to quench; saura (savoir): to know how, to manage. The mass shall approach coming from Russia The ancient Destroyer shall ruin the city Violently desolated Romanie shall see Afterwards the great flame of war shall not be quenched COMMENT: Russia shall start the WW III in Europe by invading its Western neighboring countries who shall recently join NATO. The war shall spread and cannot be contained. X.32 Russian navy shall dominate only for two short years. Le grand Empire chacun en devoit etre Un sur les autres le viendra obtenir Mais peu de temps sera son regne et etre Deux ans aux naves se pourra soustenir NOTE: Chacun: each, each one; devoit (devoir): to owe, have to, to be bound to; autre: other; obtenir: to gain, to secure; mais: but; peu: little, little time; etre: existence; naves: (latin = navis) vessel, boat; pourra (pourrir): to get rotten, decay; soustenir: to maintain, sustain. In the great Empire with everyone's existence hung in desperation One over the others shall secure it But little time shall last for his reign and existence Two years the navy shall be rotten due to poor maintenance COMMENT: Russia shall be in the state of desperation nationwide. Each person shall have to survive on his own without relying on his government (Verse 2). Russia's power and her very existence shall be threatened due to the European offences and later by the bloody hands of the neighboring China. Their navy shall dominate the war for the first two years then shall collapse due to the lack of spare parts and resources. VI. Both northern and southern Europe shall be attacked. Norvege et Dace et l'isle Britannique Par les unis freres seront vexees Le chef Romain issu du sang Gallique Et les copis aux forest repoulsees NOTE: Norvege: Norway; Dace: Denmark; freres: brothers; Gallique: French; copie: troops; repoulsee: repulsed. Norway and Denmark and British island Through the united brothers shall be vexed The Roman ( Italian) chief issued from French blood And his troops shall be repulsed into the forests COMMENT: The northern front of Europe including Norway, Denmark and Britain shall be attacked by Russia naval forces. In the south, Italy and Muslims shall push north starting on French soil. I.73 French fleet shall be surrounded... France a cinq parts par neglect assaillie Tunis, Argiel esmeuz par Persiens Leon, Seville, Barcelone faillie N'aura la classe par les venitiens NOTE: Cinq: five, assaillie (assaillir): to attack; Tunis: Tunisia; Argiel: Algeria; esmeuz (emouvoir): to move, stir up; faillir: to fail, to fall short of; classe: fleet, Venitien (Venise): Italian. By negligence French fleet shall be attacked by five parties Tunisia and Algeria stirred up by Iran Leon, Seville, Barcelonia shall fall (into Muslim hands) Italian fleet shall not fare any better COMMENT: At the onset of WW III or European war, Spain and Italy shall quickly fall into Muslim hands and later become Eastern allies ( We have to remember that the Muslim populations in those two countries are quite large, probably majority by now in Spain.) Tunisia and Algeria shall side with Iran. French fleet shall be sunk in Adriatic Sea leaving Marseilles naked. II.86 French fleet shall wrecked in Adriatic Sea. Naufrage a classe pres d'onde Hadriatique La terre emeu sur l'air en terre mis Egypte tremble augment Mahometique L'Heraut se rendre a crier est comis NOTE: Naufrage: shipwreck; classe: fleet; pres:near; onde: sea; Hadriatique: Adriatic; emeu (emu): moved; augment: faction; Heraut: public officer; rendre: to render; crier: to cry; commis (commettre): to commit a wrong, endanger oneself . Shipwreck of a fleet near Adriatic Sea The earth quakes, moved with the air above Egypt trembles due to Muslim extremist faction A public officer renders a loud cry before committing suicide COMMENT: French fleet shall be wrecked in Adriatic Sea by a surprised attack by Muslims. The Muslim extremists loyal to Iran shall dominate all Muslim governments around the region. III.88 Barcelonia and Marseilles shall fall. De Barcelone par mer si grande armee Tout Marseilles de frayeur tremblera Isles saisies de mer aide fermee Ton traditeur en terre nagera NOTE: Frayeur: fear; saisie (saisir): to seize; aide: aid, reinforcement; fermee (fermer): to lock up, shut up; traditeur: traditor; nager: to swim. A great army from Barcelonia by sea shall attack All Marseilles shall tremble with fear Islands shall be seized, reinforcement from the sea halted Traditors shall swim in land COMMENT: After defeating French navy in Adriatic Sea, the Muslims shall advance to Marseilles through Spain. Marseilles shall be vulnerable due to no protection from French navy. I.72 Southern France devastated, million suffered. Du tout Marseilles des habitans changee Course et pour fuitte jusques pres de Lyon Narbon, Tholoze, par Bordeaux outragee Tuez, captifs, presque d'un million NOTE: Habitan: inhabitant; course: run ,race, journey; fuite: flight, fleeing; pres: near; jusque: till as far as; Narbonne: city of S. France near Mediterranean; Toulouse: city, SW France on Garonne River; Bordeaux: city and port SW France on Garonne river, tuez (tuer): killed, slaughtered; presque: almost. Throughout Marseilles the inhabitants shall change French citizens shall flee as far as Lyon Narbonne and Toulouse shall become outraged by Bordeaux Killed, captured, almost one million French COMMENT: The present population in Marseilles is about 900,000, Narbonne 40,000, and Toulouse 400,000. Thus the approximation of one million is amazingly accurate. That also indicates a total defeat under Muslim hands. The military French leader in Bordeaux shall decide to abandon those captured cities into their enemies's hands to consolidate the remaining French troops in order to save the rest of the country. IX.69 Chemical warheads upon Lyon & Vienna by Italian force. Sur le mont de Bailly et la Bresse Seront cachez de Grenoble les fiers Outre Lyon, Vien, eulx si grand gresle Langoult en terre n'en restera un tiers NOTE: Cachez (cacher): to hide, conceal; fier: fierce, cruel; outre: beyond; eulx (eux): them; gresle (grele): hail, hailstorm; langoult (langoureux): languishing; rester: to remain, last; un tiers: one third. Upon Mount Bailley and Bresse Shall be hidden in Genoa fierce weapons Beyond Lyon and Vienna, great hail upon them Languished on the ground, less than one third shall survive COMMENT: From northern Italy, on high mountains, the Muslim and Italian forces shall bombard Lyon and Vienna with missiles carrying the chemical warheads which shall wipe out more than two-thirds of the population. The survivors will wish to die instead. III.70 Great Britain shall suffer floods and war. La Grande Bretagne comprise l'Angleterre Viendra par eaux si fort inondre La ligue neufue d'Ausonne fera guerre Que contre eux il se viendront bander NOTE: Grande Bretagne: Great Britain; Angleterre: England; eaux: water; inonde: flooded; ligue: league; neufue: new; Ausonne: Italy; guerre: war; il: he; se: himself; bander: to bandage, to dress wound. Great Britain including England By sea shall suffer great floods The new league including Italy shall raise war against her Italy herself shall dress all her wounds COMMENT: The new league of Ausonne include Muslims (Iran-led), Italy, Russia, and Spain. II.68 USA rescues England by sea. De l'aquilon les efforts seront grande Sur l'ocean sera la porte ouverte Le regne en l'isle sera reintegrande Tremblera Londres par voile descouverte NOTE: Aquilon: (latin) northern country or eagle, here USA;ouvert: open, liberated; regne: reign; l'isle: island, England; reintegrande (reintegrer): to reinstate; Londres: London; voile: sail; descouverte: discovered. USA shall exert a great effort Across the Atlantic Ocean to open English shore The sovereignty of England shall be reinstated As London is trembling in discovering enemy sails COMMENT: USA shall rescue England from the siege of Muslim and Italian league. III.99 Muslims shall be defeated on French soil. Aux champs herbeux d'Alein et du Varneigne Du Mont Lebron proche de la Durance Camp des deux parts conflit sera si aigre Mesopotamie defaillira en la France NOTE: Champs: open field, arena; herbeux: grass-grown; aigre: bitter, fierce; defaillira: to faint, collapse, fail; Allein, Varneigne: French towns near River Rhone; Lebron: region around Alps Mountains. Mesopotamie: ancient region which is now Iran and Iraq. In the grassy fields of Alein and Varneigne Upon Mount Lebron near Durance Conflict between two sides shall be very fierce Mesopotamie shall fall on French soil V.68 Muslims shall advance as far north as Germany, then shall be defeated by French troops. Dans le Danube et du Rhin viendra boire Le grand Chameau, ne s'en repentira Trembler du Rhone et plus fort ceux de Loire Et pres des Alpes Coq les ruinera NOTE: Boire: to drink; Chameau: camel, here means Muslims; repentir: to repent; fort: strong, violent; coq: cock, used by Nostradamus to indicate France; les: them; Rhone & Loire: two rivers in southern France; Danube & Rhine: two rivers in Germany. By River Danube and Rhine shall come to drink The great Camel which shall not repent Trembling is River Rhone and most violent for those near River Loire And near Alps the Cock shall ruin them COMMENT: Muslims shall advance as far north as Germany, shall terrorize the area between two Rivers Rhone and V.42 World War III at its climax. Mars esleve en son plus haut beffroy Fera retraire les Allobrox de France La gent Lombarde fera si grand effroy A ceux de l'aigle compris sous la Balance NOTE: Esleve: elevated; plus haut: the highest; beffroi: watch tower, bell tower; retraire (retrait): retreat, withdrawal; Allobrox: Italians (inhabitants of Savoy); effroi: terror, horror; aigle: eagle, hawk; Balance: balance, here means Divine Justice or Chastisement. War shall be elevated to its highest Italians shall retreat from France Inhabitants in Lombardy shall be terrified Of those hawkish (brutal) troops who carry out the Divine Justice III.31 Final battle in Middle East. Aux champs de Mede, d'Arabe et d'Armenie Deux grands copies trois fois s'assembleront Pres du rivage d'Araxes la mesnie Du grand Soliman en terre tomberont NOTE: Champs: field; copie: army; trois: three; fois: time; rivage: shore; mesnie (messie): the chosen people, the anointed ones, Messie: Messiah; Soliman: Soloman; la messie du grand Soliman: Israelites; tomber: to tumble, fall. In the fields of Media, Arabe, and Armenia Two great armies shall assemble three times Near the Arabic shore or Persian Gulf The Israelites on land shall tumble COMMENT: Western armies shall pursue the Muslim armies all the way to Iranian soil or Middle East. The Jews shall be drawn into the conflict and shall suffer greatly. V.14 At the end of the European War... Saturn et Mars en Leo Espagne captive Par chef Libique au conflit attrape Proche de Malte, heredde Prince vive Et Romain scepter sera par coq frappe NOTE: Saturn: (fig.) the Lord, the Day of the Lord; Mars: (fig.) war; Leo: (fig.) the pope; Espagne: Spain; Libique: Lybian; attrape (attraper): to trap, to catch; proche: near; vive (vivre): to live; vive: long live!; heredde (hereditaire): heralded; frappe (frapper): to strike, tap; coq: cock or France. Saturn and Mars in Leo, Spain captive Lybian chief in the battle shall be caught Near Malta, the heralded Prince (Henry) shall be cheered And Roman Scepter shall be struck by a Frenchman COMMENT: The pope shall be killed near the end of the War. Spain shall surrender. Lybian leader shall be captured. King Henry of France shall be heralded in Malta. The newly elected French Pope shall anoint him as the Roman Emperor of the world, the Charlemagne of our modern time. IX.62 The battle of Armagaddon. Au grand de Cheramonagora Seront croisez par rangs tous attachez Le Pertinax Oppi et Mandragora Raugon d'Octobre le tiers seront laschez NOTE: Cheramonagora: anagram of Armageddon or Harmageddon (Greek), the final battle mentioned in Rev 16:14-16; croisez (croiser): to cross, to join a crusade; rang: row, range, rank; attachez (attacher): to attach, fasten; Pertinax: (latin) unyielding, pertinacious, determined; oppi: (latin = copie) army; Mandragora: man-dragon, the troop of the ancient serpent or dragon, probably Chinese; raugon: dragon; Octobre le tiers: the third of October; laschez (lacher): loosen. At the great battle of Armageddon Shall join the crusade through rows totally attached The pertanious army of God against the army of the evil Serpent The Dragon shall be loosened on October third COMMENT: Man-dragon might indicate Chinese troops. The battle begins on October third and from Quatrain III.77, Iranian leader shall be captured on October 7th 2025 indicating that this great decisive battle might be between Western allies and Muslim alliance. Also Armageddon might be the battle between Western and Chinese troops as the latter shall decide to engage in war at the end of the conflict while all parties are almost exhausted. And the national symbol of China has always been the Red Dragon. FAMOUS FULFILLED PROPHECIES Death of Henry IIThe young lion will overcome the older one, On the field of combat in a single battle; He will pierce his eyes through a golden cage, Two wounds made one, then he dies a cruel death. (Century 1, Quatrain 35) This quatrain foretelling the death of King Henry II of France in a jousting accident is one of the most famous, predocumented, and successfully fulfilled prophecies in history.
In June 1559, Henry II ignored all warnings that Nostradamus gave him and participated in a jousting tournament against the Comte de Montgomery. Both men used shields embossed with lions. Montgomery was six years younger than Henry. A tournament is a field of ritual single combat.
During the final bout, Montgomery failed to lower his lance in time. It shattered, sending a large splinter through the king's gilded visor (golden cage). Along with minor punctures in the face and throat, there were two mortal wounds. One splinter destroyed the king's eye; the other impaled his temple just behind the eye. Both penetrated his brain. Henry lingered for ten agonizing days before dying a cruel death.

THE FIRE OF LONDON
The blood of the just will be demanded of London, Burnt by the fire in the year 66
The Great fire destroyed London in 1666.

THE FRENCH REVOLUTION
From the enslaved people, songs, chants and demands, The princes and lords are held captive in prisons: In the future by such headless idiots These will be taken as divine utterances. (Century 1, Quatrain 14) Before the war comes, the great wall will fall, The King will be executed, his death coming too soon will be lamented. (The guards) will swim in blood, Near the River Seine the soil will be bloodied. (Century 2, Quatrain 57)
On July 14th, 1789 the walls of the Bastille, the prison which stood as a symbol to the detested monarchy, were stormed. This was a precursor to the revolution that shook France, and to the rise, and fall, of the guillotine, that stood on the banks of the River Seine.

EMPEROR NAPOLEON
PAU, NAY, LORON will be more of fire than of the blood, To swim in praise, the great one to flee to the confluence. He will refuse entry to the Piuses, The depraved ones and the Durance will keep them imprisoned. (Century 8, Quatrain 1)
This quotation is vintage Nostradamus. He is employing one of his favourite devices: the anagram. "PAU, NAY, LORON" when rearranged becomes NAPAULON ROY, or Napoleon the king, given the Corsican spelling of his name, Napauleone. The text also describes him as a man of 'fire', or of war, rather 'than of the blood', or of royal lineage. The 'Piuses' of the third line are the Popes Pius VI and Pius VII, who were both imprisoned by Napoleon as the fourth line suggests.

WW II AND HITLER REFERENCES

From the deepest part of Western Europe A young child will be born to poor people Who will by his speech seduce a great multitude, His reputation will increase in the Kingdom of the East" (Century 3, Quatrain 35) Beasts ferocious with hunger will cross the rivers, The greater part of the battlefield will be against Hister. Into a cage of iron will the great one be drawn, When the child of Germany observes nothing. (Century 2, Quatrain 24) In the year very not far from Venus, The two greatest ones of Asia and of Africa: They are said to have come from the Rhine and from Hister Cries, tears at Malta and the Ligurian sea-coast. (Century 4, Quatrain 68) Liberty will not be regained, It will be occupied by a black, proud, villainous and unjust man: When the matter of the Pontiff is opened, The republic of Venice will be vexed by Hister. (Century 5, Quatrain 29) The shocking and infamous armed one will fear the great furnace, First the chosen one, the captives not returning The world's lowest crime, the Angry Female Irale - Israel - not at ease, Barb, Hister, Malta, and the Empty One does not return.
Hitler is referred to as Hister - not only be name but by birthplace. Hister is the Latin for the river Danube on whose shores Hitler was born. The first quatrain provide general background - his parents were poor - his power as an orator needs no descrription here - and of course Hitler had a catastrophic influence over Japan, the Kingdom of the East.

THE KENNEDY ASSASSINATIONS The ancient work will be accomplished, And from the roof evil ruin will fall on the great man: They will accuse an innocent, being dead, of the deed: The guilty one is hidden in the misty copse. (Century 6, Quatrain 37) The great man will be struck down in the day by a thunderbolt, The evil deed predicted by the bearer of a petition: According to the prediction another falls at night, Conflict in Reims, London, and pestilence in Tuscany. (Century 1, Quatrain 27)

As per his prediction - JFK was shot in the day, at 12 noon, and his brother Robert Kennedy was shot at night, at 1 am. The last line dates the assassinations. For there were student riots in London and Paris in 1968, and in 1966 a flood hit Florence that prompted fears of pestilence. JFK was shot in 1963 and his brother in 1968. The alleged conspiracy that surrounded the assassination was the subject of another of Nostradamus's quatrains.
Lee Harvey Oswald was reputed to have shot Kennedy from the sixth floor of the Book Depository, is this 'the roof' that is mentioned in second line? Or is 'the roof' a metaphor for the conspiracy performed by the CIA, previously Kennedy's protection, his 'roof'. The third line suggests that Lee Harvey Oswald was in fact innocent, and 'the misty wood' of the fourth line may describe either the trees around the grassy knowle, or the misty woods of the secret service.
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