Dip 1204 – Ambition & Empire

Four-way draw between Spain, Turkey, Denmark & Norway and Prussia

Final Map – Fall 1776 / Final results

Map with provinces but not units

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Click on the hyperlinked names for the EOG

Players

 

Power

Name

Duration

GM:

 

Baron Von Powell
Frank Martin

Spring 1763-Spring 1771
Fall 1771-end

Players:

Austria

Lynn Mercer

Spring 1763-Fall 1772

 

Britain & Hanover

Frank

Spring 1763-Fall 1770

 

Denmark & Norway

Robert Stein

Spring 1763-end

 

France

Stephen Miller

Spring 1763-end

 

Poland & Saxony

Wayne Bailey

Spring 1763-Fall 1764

 

Prussia

Patrick Surry

Spring 1763-end

 

Russia

Brian Wallace

Spring 1763-Fall 1774

 

Spain

Stephen Worthy

Spring 1763-end

 

Sweden

Mike

Spring 1763-Fall 1766

 

Turkey

Ray Bruce

Spring 1763-end

 Supply Centres

Year

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

72

73

74

75

76

Austria

4

5

7

9

9

8

10

7

5

1

0

0

0

0

0

Britain & Hanover

4

4

7

5

4

4

3

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Denmark & Norway

2

2

3

4

6

6

7

10

10

10

10

12

12

12

11

France

3

3

3

3

3

2

1

1

2

2

2

2

2

2

1

Poland & Saxony

2

2

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Prussia

3

4

5

6

7

7

7

8

9

11

11

11

10

10

11

Russia

3

3

2

2

3

4

4

3

3

2

2

1

0

0

0

Spain

2

2

3

4

4

5

4

5

6

7

7

9

9

9

10

Sweden

2

2

1

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Turkey

3

3

6

7

6

6

6

8

8

10

11

8

10

10

10

 

My EOG

 

Well it’s finally over and thank heaven for that.  Anyone who wishes to ask Frank can check that I’ve been voting for the draw for the last several game years.  My guess is that both Turkey and Denmark have voted against the draw some time in the last few years, but we’ll see soon.

 

First of all, a comment on the variant.  This game’s been a long depressing slog for me, but I’d say that was actually because of the success of the variant rather than the failures.  The low winning condition forced everyone to continue diploming long past conversation usually dries up in a normal game.  It also caused immense paranoia and enormous difficulty in building a stalemate of any sort.  Personally the neurosis part of diplomacy is the bit I really hate, but I suspect this was exactly what the Baron and Jeff Kase had in mind.

 

The layout of the map worked well for a tactical battle running through from midgame to endgame, but I’m still not sure about the mass of neutrals in the middle.  For several years at the start, I felt very isolated in the west, with France and Britain the only people who affected me directly, while Austria and Turkey affected me only obliquely.  The diplomacy points were meant to get everyone talking early, but possibly didn’t compensate for that solid mass separating everyone.  I also feel fairly aggrieved that 2-centre powers only get 2 DP’s to start with.  It means you have to use all your DP’s to protect yourself, again stopping you speaking to the more far-flung powers.

 

To the game, though.  My initial progress was slow – Frank duped France and me into attacking each other, but we soon realised our position.  Britain grew quickly, but he was always doomed because he couldn’t resist a grab at any centres, until he finally built up too many enemies.  There was pressure on me to join in the counter-attack, but I was under too much pressure in the south.  Besides, his late diplomacy was much better, and I valued his goodwill.

 

Meanwhile, a misorder in 64 left me vulnerable in the south and Turkey took advantage, reneging on his promise to stop at Tunisia.  We fought to a complete deadlock until I managed to get him to overextend himself in Morocco and destroyed his fleet.  I was ready to push him out of North Africa completely when I fell foul of Lynn.

 

Austria had been growing exponentially, but needed an ally to take some of the pressure off him, while I needed help to gain centres.  Lynn helped me against France, in return for me keeping Turkey busy.  However, just then Lynn double-crossed me in Marseilles.  A one-centre stab is weak at the best of times, especially when that ally is fighting one of your more dangerous enemies.  But to claim that it was a ‘wake-up call’ beggared belief.  As his unrepentant arrogance and self-delusion continued, it became clear that everyone else felt the same.  I made peace with Turkey and France in order to work towards the destruction of Austria.

 

That destruction was not long in coming.  Where before Austria had faced Prussia and half of Turkey’s forces, he now faced the combined forces of Prussia, Turkey and Spain.  10 centres became 0 centres in four short years, despite Lynn’s last efforts to spread dissent in the alliance.  It causes me great satisfaction to note that Austria’s doom was set in motion to some extent by that pointless attack on Marseilles.

 

We now entered the prolonged period of paranoia that was the endgame.  Denmark, Prussia and Turkey were the major powers, while I had been slowly growing without ever posing a threat to the solo.  After a small contretemps with Denmark, I established peace on my northern frontier, a peace which, despite numerous disputes over the Mid-Atlantic and Brest, I’m glad to say was never broken.  Ray again overextended himself and failed to protect his North African position.  I took my chance to stab him and establish myself as a major player.

 

If I’d been sensible, I’d have followed through on my attack and scorned the consequences.  But my solo was too remote and Denmark’s solo much closer, so I pulled back to look for a stalemate.  Of course none emerged and I discovered that Ray and I had absolutely no common ground.  With no balance of power possible, we both insisted on positions that gave ourselves the slight advantage.  We argued bitterly, but Ray’s position was as valid as mine, so I hope he didn’t take my vehemence and deception personally.  The only galling moment was when he dislodged F Tyn and actually expected me to retreat it backwards instead of into Ionian.  I can’t imagine what possessed him to risk the retreat, since it destroyed his chances, but I expect he felt he had to gamble that I’d be cautious.

 

My relations with Patrick were much simpler.  He was so surrounded by Denmark and Turkey that he would have been mad to hold out for a solo.  Yet he played the pivotal role in the game very well and our brief conversations were generally constructive.  If the game had gone on, I would have launched everything at Turkey in an effort to end the game, and wouldn’t have minded if Prussia had got the solo as a result.

 

Similarly I’m glad Stephen survived to the conclusion.  The growing dangers of Denmark, Austria and Turkey forced an alliance with France on me, but he was very pragmatic and a gracious diplomat.  The ‘Bourbon Alliance’ was never equal in centre count, but I would have been pleased if France had recovered his position.  I proposed a five-way draw at one point in case he was the only nay-sayer, and was rather disappointed by the negative response from the others.  He never got started, but showed plenty of diplomatic and tactical skill in an unglamorous position.

 

A final word on my own performance.  For most of the game I was forced to be extremely cautious, which doesn’t sit well with me.  I had a couple of pleasing tactical victories, but a win based mostly on diplomatic manouevring is sadly beyond me, so I never really rated my chances.  I’ve never been the best at being inscrutable and I apologise if I ruffled any feathers.  My part in the draw therefore was a satisfactory end to an exhausting game.

 

Thanks to everyone for sticking with the game, including Frank, who did well to fill in as GM despite the delays.  Now, who was the @#*!ing hold-out!?!

 

Ray’s EOG

 

Frankly, this game has gone on so long, I don't remember much.  But here is what I do remember:  My place in the draw was due entirely to Lynn Mercer playing about the worst game of diplomacy I've ever seen.  I'd copy this EOG to him, but he blocks all e-mails from me.

 

I started off in an A/T (Lynn was Austria).  I got myself into a completely untenable position with my forces spread all over the place, nothing held back to protect the centers I owned, at war with both Spain and Russia, and no allies other than Austria.  For getting myself into this terrible position, I have no one to blame but myself.

 

Then Lynn stabbed me.  By rights I was dead.  But Lynn then went on a crusade to insult EVERY other player on the board.  Virtually all of them came to me and offered me help to kill him.  I didn't have to beg.  I didn't even have to ask.  Plus, everyone was willing to let me have all of Lynn's dots they were helping me into just to be rid of him.  I said thank you very much and lived.  Lynn died.

 

Shortly thereafter the game bogged down as the big powers eliminated the little powers.  French Steve showed great skill in surviving this whittling down.

 

Robert (Denmark), Patrick (Prussia) and I toyed with the idea of trying for a three way, but there wasn't sufficient trust among us to make it work.  Each of the four remaining powers clearly toyed with the idea of a solo, but it wasn't there for any of us, least of all for me.

 

Frankly, I'm both surprised and delighted that I made it into the draw given how badly I played the opening seasons.  Thank you, Lynn.

 

Lynn’s EOG

 

Well A&E 040921 is apparently finally over, ending in a four way draw.  I congratulate the draw participants for achieving what I think most observers would agree was their best possible outcome, given their pedestrian play and general lack of anything resembling (non-verbal) aggressiveness.  Thanks to the GMs, Baron and Frank, for organizing and overseeing the game.

 

When I received my power assignment, I was unpleasantly surprised to find that for the third time in three games Baron had assigned me to a central power.  I had just previously played Germany in 1900 and Prussia in another A&E game.  I prefer to play naval powers.  I was also not happy to have Austria, in particular, since there had already been several Austrian solos and who needs that?  As a result I decided to play Austria as an appendage of Venice.   Naturally it was not too difficult to discern that I was writing the Venetian press.  Nobody else wrote any public press, that I can recall, which would not have been an embarrassment to acknowledge authorship.

 

I have already made my various complaints about the way the game plays so I am not going to dwell on those points.  I will say, however, how annoying I find the fact that neutral sea powers cannot contest control of even their home waters.  It hurt me to eliminate the Venetian fleet and I was sorry in the end that I hadn't just said "screw Austria" and built at least one fleet regardless of the Hapsburgs' other, seemingly more pressing, needs.

 

From looking at the accounts of the various prior A&E games I decided that, hard as it was to believe from any reasonable historical perspective, Poland-Saxony was the greatest long term threat to Austria so I eliminated Wayne.  I think it highly likely that if Wayne had been left to his own devices that he would have won this game handily.  (At least Ray seemed to have bladder control problems every time Wayne's name came up.)  Regardless of that, I think in retrospect that the elimination of Prussia might have been a better initial goal.  Prussia's rather minimal press should have been a clue.

 

I'm sure that my opponents will have their own opinions on how I handled Austria.  If a four way draw is the best they could do, what are their opinions worth?  My take is that I grew to encompass the neutrals which were both Catholic and generally pro-Austrian (or historically in the Austrian sphere) while not harming any actual power very much (except France of course, and I would have done him considerably more harm if the opportunity had presented itself).  An Austrian puppet on the throne of France would have been a nice touch.   If I had bothered to control my rather visceral distaste for several of my neighbors I might have delayed my decline for a time, but really life is too short to waste the occasional opportunity to vent.  My compliments to the next Austrian who can now point to another Austrian elimination as a good reason why his growth should not be too urgently contested :>).

 

Frank’s EOG

 

If you play B/H, don't try to ally with Denmark.  I wanted to try it, because I hadn't seen it done, and I don't think that it can work, unless your best friend is playing the other side.  And maybe not even then.

 

Sorry for the brevity of my comments, but my role in the game was short-lived, and this was my first go at A&E.  Would like to try the variant again, when I have the time to devote to it.

 

Rob’s EOG

 

This was my first A&E game, and I was quite interested to play a game with so many powers and interesting rules like armed neutrals and diplomacy points.  Unfortunatley I was given a small power to start, and one without any realistic access to any of those neutrals. Still I was not completely dissapointed with my assignment. I always enjoy playing naval powers, and I thought Denmark had some things going for it. It seemed to me most people have portrayed Sweden as a more interesting and potent power than Denmark, but I really disagreed with this analysis. I think Denmark has basically the same access to the Baltic or Russia, but far more access to the North Sea and Helgoland regions.

 

Of course, with only two starting units, I could not go to all those places at once. I decided my best strategy would be to knock out Sweden as quickly as possible, while attempting to keep as much peace in the North Sea region as possible. I figured this would allow me to take control of the Baltic centers, after which I'd have a strong enough base to confront either Britain or Russia. Russia agreed to the partition of Sweden, and Britain seemed very open to demilitarized North Sea and an alliance with Denmark. Once I knew this I began talking with Britain about having a central power as a third partner in our longer term alliance.   I preferred Austria to Prussia or Poland because of its inablity to build a Baltic fleet.  Britain and Austria both agreed this triple would make an effective alliance.

 

As far as I was concerned BAD was on. I talked Sweden into opening Sto-Bot rather than Sto-Bal, and I made orders that would set me up to take Sto in the  Fall, while keeping my fleet in Bal so as to start attacking Mec/Ber the next year. I also lent diplomatic point support to the Austrian attack on HeW, as part of BAD's plan to take control of Germany, Prussia, and the Baltic region.

 

I was pretty pleased with the Spring 1763 results.  Fall was another matter. Though things went well enough for Austria and Britain, rather than ordering Nov-Abo and eliminating Sweden, Russia stabbed for Christiania. At the time I was rather dissapointed, but looking back I believe this may actually have been very fortunate. I was forced to vacate Bal in order to reclaim my home center. As I never actually attacked Prussia, I could legitimately say I had only been in Bal to help take Sto, thus it was very easy to make peace with Prussia. Baltic was demilitarized for quite some time, and I believe this was a primary reason both Prussia and I experienced success. Fortunately Russia agreed that he had been mistaken to stab me, and returned Chr without a fight. Still it took a whole year to get there, and by the time I did, a continued alliance with Britain and Austria did not seem so much in my best interest.

 

It had become very clear that Austria and Turkey were allied, and I believe had I tried again to occupy Bal and attack Prussia, as Austria urged, I would be signing death warrants for both Prussia and Russia, and have little way to defend myself should Turkey and Britain attack me once Russia was eliminated.   Around this time Britain sent a press to Prussia, Russia, Sweden, and myself asking that we use our DPs to halt Austro-Turkish expansion. Perhaps Britain was sincerely against AT, but I thought it was a deception. I thought Britain was still allied with Austria and Turkey was the real third partner, and wrote a letter to all the other powers saying as much.  An alliance was formed that would allow Sweden and Russia to halt Turkey's advance, Spain, France and Prussia, Austria's, while I would do my part by attacking Britain in cooperation with Prussia.

 

In the first year of this alliance(1765), Turkey and Austria were able to continue taking neutrals, but at least Prussia and I made advances on Britain, allowing me to build the first ever Danish/Norwegian army. In the spring of the next year, Austria stabbed Turkey, apparantly with Spain's assistance, and things became quite confusing in the center of the board. It seemed Prussia danced with Austria and Turkey for a few years, consistently changing allegiance. At least Prussia and I were able to continue working against Britain, and Turkey's withdrawel from Russia allowed us to finally eliminate Sweden, with an agreement made to allow me to take Abo which at the time was Russian.

 

Russia was able in the next year (1767) to take Bak, and begin to grow. At this point he wanted to move against Prussia. I was not oppossed to that, but I also did not want to directly participate until Britain was eliminated. I felt if I turned on Prussia before Britain was crippled, Prussia and Britain would unite and it would not turn out very well for me. On the other hand, my "allies" in the war against Spain and Austria, namely Prussia and Turkey, but most particularly Turkey, put a lot of pressure on me to invade Russia. I certainly did not want to do this either, as I still believed that a strong Russia was essential to me not being invaded by Turkish armies.  For a while I tried to satisfy P&T that I was fighting Russia by continually ordering Abo-Kar yet knowing Russia would just bounce. I tried to maintain a good relationship with S&A so that after Britain was eliminated, Russia and I might attack Prussia and be able to count on A&S to contain Turkey.

 

Two things happened in Fall 1768 which forced me to abandon that strategy. First Austria stabbed Spain and took Marseilles, which I believe was the single poorest decision by any power in this game. It gave two game long enemies, Spain and Turkey, a common cause, and pretty much sealed Austria's doom.   Closer to home, Russia did not order Stp-Kar, and I occupied Kar. This began a chain of events which lead to the downfall of Russia. I tried to prevent it by  holding Kar in S 1769, but Prussia and Turkey demanded I order Kar-Stp in the fall. I begged Russia to bounce me in Stp rather than order Cou-Kon which I knew would fail.  Taking Stp did not help me, as I would already be gaining Lon and Ane and with only two home centers could not use a third build. I knew if Russia bounced me in Stp, with Britain down to just Brest, I'd finally be able to stab Prussia without having to worry to much about a BP counter-attack. I knew I could occupy Bal the next spring, and offered to support the Russian to Kon in the fall. Russia though said he could wait no longer to attack Pru and made the futile order to Kon while I took Stp.

 

From that point on, I believe there were only four powers that mattered, Prussia, Turkey, Spain, and myself. I knew Russia would retaliate, so I really had little choice but to finally aide Turkey in his quest to eliminate Russia. Around this time Prussia, Turkey, and I agreed to settle for a three way draw. Turkey very much wanted me to attack Spain. I did begin moving forces towards the MAO, but I would only actually attack Spain in conjunction with Turkey. When Turkey began growing again, and chose to build armies rather than fleets, I became very skeptical. He said he needed to do it to prevent a Prussian solo, but I suspected he wanted me to get entangled with Spain so that he might be able to take the centers he needed from Prussia and Russia to solo. I refused to do so.

 

Eventually though, Turkey and Spain lead me to believe Prussia might solo. In Fall 1772 I finally made a move against my game long ally, Prussia. Contrary  to popular belief I never saw this as a solo attempt. I merely wanted to stop Prussia from winning. Once it became clear Prussia was not going to solo, I did my best to again make peace with Prussia. Unfortunately by this time Ray had convinced everyone I was the solo threat, and suddenly I was being attacked from  all directions. I tried my best to broker a deal that would see Spain take Brest and Prussia Paris so the game could end as quickly as possible, unfortunately it seemed Spain didn't like the deal. For a moment I suspected Spain might try for a solo, but now I think he may merely have been persuaded by Ray that the deal was just a Danish ploy to win the game. I tried to put out this fire by giving Turkey Kiev, but it did not seem to help, at least immediately. When Turkey used this build to again construct an army, rather than move against Spain as promised, I became convinced he was trying for a solo. Eventually I believe the others came to see this as well, and the collective forces turned away from me and towards Turkey. Still the game dragged on, but eventually we all accepted the draw. I am convinced it was Turkey who was holding out, and it was only when he lost Sof while at the same time I positioned myself to defend Nov even if I should have lost Mos, that he accepted the draw.

 

All in all I really enjoyed this game, even if it seemed to take forever to end. I don't know if there will be any more games of A&E, but if there are, i'd like to participate.

 

Baron’s EOG

 

As is always the case, I get to this point in the EoGR and find myself wondering what to say.  Like I have done many times in the past, I'll rattle off subjects as they occur to me.

 

Austria: I know Lynn to be a skillful player and I personally believe he writes the best press I've ever read.  Though some find it stuffy, I view it as topical, witty, and immensely interesting.  All that said, I have to wonder what Lynn was up to.  Based on his play, I actually do believe he said "screw Austria" and decided to see how far he could go after he insulted and stabbed just about everyone.  I cannot explain how such a good player could make such a horrific stab as the attack on Marseilles unless he simply didn't care what the consequences were.  If my guess is on the mark, I find it unfortunate.  Negative play is almost always self-defeating in the long run.  I believe that deliberately making enemies of people by insulting their intelligence, ability, or character isn't fun for anyone and takes much of the enjoyment out of any contest.  I was dismayed that this negativity continued in the EoG comments, but I hold out hope that Lynn's view of his opponents will change over time and his joy of playing will return.

 

B/D Alliance: I disagree with Frank on this point.  I believe that with the proper checks and balances B/D can be a very effective alliance.  Unfortunately for Frank, those checks and balances were not in place.  Instead, the British Isles became a target too tempting to ignore.

 

The Holdout: I honestly have no idea who was vetoing the draw.  Like Stephen W, my money would be on Ray or Robert, but Frank will have to let us know.

 

Frank: Speaking of Frank, I want to thank him again for bailing me out.  Given my schedule since I started working full time, I know it was a wise decision to turn over the reins to another GM, though I'm disappointed that I had to do so.

 

Denmark & Norway: I'd be lying if I said I wasn't pulling for DN to do well.  After Robert himself, I don't think any was more disappointed than I was to see a Russian unit in Christiania in Fall 1763.  I feared this would be a short game for the Danes.  I needed have worried, however.  Like my friend and co-designer, Jeff Kase, did in the very first A&E game, Robert had Denmark looking like a power to be reckoned with.  I actually thought we might see a DN solo.  While that didn't happen, just the notion that many players feared such a result was satisfying in a way.

 

France: Stephen M has long been one of my favorite players.  I've always admired his strategic skill and his usually rational diplomatic style reminded me of my own negotiating practices.  I must say, though, that this game was most certainly not one of Stephen's better efforts.  From where I sat, he never seemed to get into the flow of the game and was far too quiet and passive.  In truth, he seemed disinterested for much of the contest.  This apparently continued after I left the game as France had an NMR on the last turn.  Stephen M NMRing!  It was unthinkable.  To top things off, I didn't receive any French comments.  I've discovered that the Dip life of most players averages about 3 years.  Stephen lasted a little longer, but he now appears to be a former Dip players in every sense of the term.  I hope I'm wrong.  His commentary will be sorely missed.

 

Russia: I'm not sure what Brian was doing throughout this game.  I wonder if he knew.  Russia would move north, then south, then back north, then south again, then west, then east, and on and on.  The wonder to me is that Russia lasted as long as it did without anything approaching a coherent plan or an attempt to build solid alliances.

 

Poland: Wayne's heart was never in this game.  Pity.  I thought he had established a strong X/P at game-start, but absolutely nothing came of it.  Instead, he wasted what little time he had left trying to negotiate with Lynn.  Since Lynn, egged on by Bruce, was bent on his destruction, Wayne never had a chance (Lynn doesn't seem to like Poland & Saxony very much, having crushed it as Prussia in an earlier game).

 

Sweden: Mike, we hardly knew you.  Life as the Swede can be tough if things get off to a bad start.  We'll see how it goes next time.

 

Turkey: Ray's Ottoman Empire was a house of cards.  I was absolutely astounded that it survived and even thrived given the fact that Ray's hyper-aggressive style constantly left Turkey subject to peril.  In the end, I do believe Austria's misguided arrogance and Russia's confused muddling allowed Ray to recover again and again.  Turkish life was certainly never dull.

 

Prussia and Spain: I lump these two powers together because, in the end, I found their play very similar: solid, cautious, steady, generally risk averse, and unspectacular overall.  I mean these things in a positive way.  Both powers came to enjoy tremendous success.  How they came about it was just rather dull, particularly in Prussia's case.  Still, it's hard to be too critical with a well-deserved place in a hard fought draw.

 

A&E: I don't think Jeff will mind my mentioning that A&E is undergoing a major transformation.  Jeff and I have been busily tinkering with both the rules and map.  Many of our changes are based entirely on feedback we've gotten from players in this and other games.  We hope the end product enhances historical feel, player interaction, and tactical options, while not detracting from play balance.  Much work, mostly on my part, remains to be done, however.  Look for something more in the future.

 

Thanks to everyone involved in this contest.  I hope you found it enjoyable.

 

Last results

Proclamations:

 

*Turkey attacks everybody. Position worsens greatly.

*Turks and Spain trade Algeria and Sofia. Spaniards laud the exchange.

*France finally falls to combined forces. Government still barely exists in Paris.

*Prussians and Danes show great solidarity.

*Draw vote fails, again.

*Draw vote offered, again. Same draw, four way between Prussia, Spain, Turkey, and Denmark/Norway.

 

 

MOVES:

 

Denmark/Norway:

A Moscow S Prussian A Warsaw -> Lithuania (cut, no such order)

A StPetersburg S A Moscow

A Novgorod S A Moscow (cut)

A Copenhagen Hold

A Stockholm Hold

F United Netherlands S F Austrian Netherlands

F English Channel S Spanish F Gascony -> Brest

F Austrian Netherlands S F United Netherlands

F Irish Sea -> Edinburg

F Gulf of Bothnia S F Scania -> Baltic Sea

F Scania -> Baltic Sea

 

France: NMR! (didn’t matter though, based on the orders)

A Brest Hold (dislodged, retreat to Picardy, OTB)

A Paris Hold

 

Prussia:

A Konigsburg -> Posen

A Posen -> Galacia

A Luson -> Bohemia

A Warsaw S A Konigsburg -> Posen

A Courland S Danish A Moscow

A Baden-Wurtenburg S A Bavaria

A Hesse-Westphalia Hold

A Bavaria S A Luson -> Bohemia (cut)

A Switzerland Hold

F Baltic Sea -> Mecklenburg

A Hanover -> Berlin

 

Spain:

A Marseilles -> Burgundy (fails)

A Burgundy -> Paris (fails)

A Gascony -> Brest

F MAO -> Morocco

F Algeria -> Tunis (fails, dislodged, retreat to Western Med, OTB)

F Ionian Sea -> Sofia (wc)

A Tuscany S A Milan (cut)

A Milan S A Tuscany

A Sardinia S A Tuscany

 

Turkey:

A Kiev -> Moscow (fails)

A Zaporzh’ze S A Kiev -> Moscow

A Kazan -> Novgorod (fails)

F Tyrhennian Sea S F Tunisia -> Algeria

A Papal States -> Tuscany (fails)

F Tunisia -> Algeria

A Tyrolia -> Bavaria (fails)

A Venitia -> Milan (fails)

A Lithuania S A Kiev -> Moscow

A Vienna S A Tyrolia -> Bavaria